基于AnolisOS国产操作系统打造Python3.11.0容器基础开发环境

一 背景

随着国内操作系统市场的不断发展，AnolisOS作为一款优秀的国产操作系统，逐渐受到了广大开发者的关注。为了满足Python开发者的需求，本文将介绍如何基于AnolisOS打造Python3.11.0容器基础开发环境，为开发者提供更高效、更稳定的开发体验。

二 Dockerfile编写

Dockerfile全部内容如下：

FROM \
    openanolis/anolisos:8.6

ARG PYTHON_VERSION="3.11.0"

# curl -L -C - -o Python.tar.xz https://www.python.org/ftp/python/3.11.0/Python-3.11.0.tar.xz
# curl -L -C - -O https://www.openssl.org/source/openssl-1.1.1s.tar.gz
ADD [ "Python-${PYTHON_VERSION}.tar.xz", "/" ]

ENV LC_ALL="C"

# Deprecated since version 3.11, will be removed in version 3.13: The nis module is deprecated (see PEP 594 for details). dnf install libnsl2-devel
RUN set -eu; \
    dnf install -y gcc \
                   make \
                   zlib-devel \
                   bzip2-devel \
                   openssl-devel \
                   ncurses-devel \
                   sqlite-devel \
                   readline-devel \
                   tk-devel \
                   gdbm-devel \
                   xz-devel \
                   libffi-devel \
                   uuid-devel \
                   libnsl2-devel

RUN set -eu; \
    cd Python-${PYTHON_VERSION}; \
    ./configure \
        --enable-optimizations \
        --with-lto \
        --enable-shared \
                --enable-loadable-sqlite-extensions \
                --enable-option-checking=fatal \
                --with-system-expat \
        --with-openssl=/usr \
        --prefix=/usr/local/python; \
    make; \
    make install; \
    make clean; \
    dnf clean all

FROM \
    openanolis/anolisos:8.6

COPY \
    --from=0 /usr/local/python /usr/local/

ENV TZ="Asia/Shanghai" \
    LANG="zh_CN.UTF-8" \
    LC_ALL="C"

RUN set -eu; \
    dnf install -y glibc-langpack-zh \
                   zlib-devel \
                   bzip2-devel \
                   openssl-devel \
                   ncurses-devel \
                   sqlite-devel \
                   readline-devel \
                   tk-devel \
                   gdbm-devel \
                   xz-devel \
                   libffi-devel \
                   uuid-devel \
                   libnsl2-devel; \
    dnf clean all

RUN set -eu; \
    ln -s /usr/local/bin/python3 /usr/bin/python; \
    ln -s /usr/local/bin/python3.11 /usr/bin/python3; \
    ln -s /usr/local/bin/pip /usr/bin/pip; \
    echo "/usr/local/lib">>/etc/ld.so.conf.d/python.conf; \
    ldconfig; \
    python -m pip install --upgrade pip; \
    python -c "import sysconfig; print(sysconfig.get_config_var('CONFIG_ARGS'))"

FROM \
    openanolis/anolisos:8.6

LABEL \
    AUTHOR="IVAN DU" \
    DATE="2022-12-05" \
    VERSION="1.0.0" \
    PYTHON_VERSION="3.11.0"

ENV TZ="Asia/Shanghai" \
    LANG="zh_CN.UTF-8" \
    LC_ALL="C"

COPY \
    --from=1 /usr /usr
COPY \
    --from=1 /etc /etc

CMD [ "/usr/local/bin/python3" ]

本次使用多阶段镜像构建，构建完成后镜像大小763MB。

三 构建镜像

docker build -t python:anolisos-8.6-3.11.0 .

四 使用镜像

docker run -it --name python --rm python:anolisos-8.6-3.11.0 bash

五 参考资料

1、Docker镜像构建最佳实践