ZABBIX根据IP列表,主机描述,或IP子网批量创建主机的维护任务

有时候被ZABBIX监控的主机可能需要关机重启等维护操作,为了在此期间不触发告警,需要创建主机的维护任务,以免出现误告警

ZABBIX本身有这个API可供调用(不同版本细节略有不同,本次用的ZABBIX6.*),实现批量化建立主机的维护任务

无论哪种方式(IP列表,主机描述,或IP子网)创建维护,都是向maintenance.create这个方法传递参数的过程,除了起始和终止的时间,最主要的一个参数就是hostids这个参数,它是一个列表(也可以是单个hostid)

    def create_host_maintenance(self,names,ips,starttimes,stoptimes):

        starts=self.retimes(starttimes)
        stops=self.retimes(stoptimes)

        data = json.dumps({
                           "jsonrpc":"2.0",
                           "method":"maintenance.create",
                           "params": {
	                        "name": names,
	                        "active_since": starts,
	                        "active_till": stops,
	                        #"hostids": [ "12345","54321" ],
                            "hostids": ips,
	                        "timeperiods": [
                             {
                                "timeperiod_type": 0,
		                        "start_date": starts,
		                        #"start_time": 0,zabbix6不用这个参数,低版本的有用
                                 "period": int(int(stops)-int(starts))
                                }
                                            ]
                                     },
            "auth": self.authID,
            "id": 1,
        })

        request = urllib2.Request(self.url, data)
        for key in self.header:
            request.add_header(key, self.header[key])

        try:
            result = urllib2.urlopen(request)
        except URLError as e:
            print "Error as ", e
        else:
            response = json.loads(result.read())
            result.close()
            print "maintenance is created!"

1.简单说明hostids这个列表参数产生的过程

按IP列表产生hostids的LIST,并调用方法创建维护

def djmaintenanceiplist(self,ipliststr="strs",area="none",byip="none"):
	lists = []
	if area=="none":                                #通过IP列表来创建维护,只向函数传递ipliststr这个参数,其它参数为空
		for line in ipliststr.splitlines():
			con = line.split()
			ipaddr = con[0].strip()
			hostids = self.host_getbyip(ipaddr)
			if hostids != "error" and hostids not in lists:
				lists.append(hostids)
		return lists
	else:
		if area !="ip" and ipliststr != "strs":    #按主机描述匹配创建维护,ipliststr参数因定为strs,area参数为主机描述,byip参数为空(因为网络环境的原因,本例弃用这个条件)
			sqls="select hostid from zabbixdb.hosts where name like '%"+area+"%' "
			tests=pysql.conn_mysql()
			datas=tests.query_mysqlrelists(sqls)
			if datas != "error":
				for ids, in datas:
					if ids not in lists:
						lists.append(ids)
		else:
			if byip != "none":                     #按主机IP子网创建维护,byip参数不为空(因为网络环境的原因,本例弃用这个条件)
				sqls = "select hosts.hostid from zabbixdb.hosts,zabbixdb.interface where `hosts`.hostid=interface.hostid and (interface.ip like '%" + byip + "%' or hosts.name like '%" + byip + "%')"
				tests = pysql.conn_mysql()
				datas = tests.query_mysqlrelists(sqls)
				if datas != "error":
					for ids, in datas:
						if ids not in lists:
							lists.append(ids)

		return lists


def djiplist(self,starttime,stoptime,strlins):  #strlins为IP列表的参数,可由WEB前端传递进来
	test = ZabbixTools()
	test.user_login()
	lists = test.djmaintenanceiplist(strlins)
	nowtime = str(time.strftime('%Y-%m-%d-%H-%M-%S', time.localtime(time.time())))
	test.create_host_maintenance(nowtime, lists, starttime, stoptime)

按主机描述和IP子网产生hostids的LIST,并调用方法创建维护

def djdescript(self,starttime,stoptime,descstr,ipnets="none"):
	lists = []
	if descstr != "ip":          #descstr参数不为ip的时候,表示根据主机的描述信息匹配创建维护,此时不传递innets参数
		for line in descstr.splitlines():
			con = line.split()
			descstrnew = con[0].strip()
			sqls = "select hostid from dbname.hosts where name like '%" + descstrnew + "%' "
			tests = pysql.conn_mysql()
			datas = tests.query_mysqlrelists(sqls)
			if datas != "error":
				for ids, in datas:
					if ids not in lists:
						lists.append(ids)

	else:
		if ipnets != "none":    #ipnets参数不为空,表示按照IP子网匹配创建维护,此时descstr参数一定为"ip"
			sqls = "select hosts.hostid from dbname.hosts,dbname.interface where `hosts`.hostid=interface.hostid and (interface.ip like '%" + ipnets + "%' or hosts.name like '%" + ipnets + "%')"
			tests = pysql.conn_mysql()
			datas = tests.query_mysqlrelists(sqls)
			if datas != "error":
				for ids, in datas:
					if ids not in lists:
						lists.append(ids)

	test = ZabbixTools()
	test.user_login()
	nowtime = str(time.strftime('%Y-%m-%d-%H-%M-%S', time.localtime(time.time())))
	test.create_host_maintenance(nowtime, lists, starttime, stoptime)

2.create_host_maintenance和djmaintenanceiplist,及djdescript函数调用方法的说明

时间转换函数self.retimes,将用户传递/的"%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S"日期时间转换为时间时间戳

    def retimes(self,times):
        timeArray = time.strptime(times, "%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S")
        timestamp = time.mktime(timeArray)
        return timestamp

self.host_getbyip(ipaddr)通过主机IP获取zabbix的hostid,这个方法应用很广泛

函数中的self.authID通过zabbix的API 的"user.login"方法获取,参考ZABBIX官方文档

    def host_getbyip(self,hostip):
        data = json.dumps({
                           "jsonrpc":"2.0",
                           "method":"host.get",
                           "params":{
                                     "output":["hostid","name","status","available"],
                                     "filter": {"ip": hostip,"custom_interfaces":0}
                                     },
                     
                            "auth":self.authID,
                           "id":1,
                           })

        request = urllib2.Request(self.url, data)
        for key in self.header:
            request.add_header(key, self.header[key])
        try:
            result = urllib2.urlopen(request)
        except URLError as e:
            if hasattr(e, 'reason'):
                print 'We failed to reach a server.'
                print 'Reason: ', e.reason
            elif hasattr(e, 'code'):
                print 'The server could not fulfill the request.'
                print 'Error code: ', e.code
        else:
            response = json.loads(result.read())
            result.close()
            lens=len(response['result'])
            if lens > 0:
                return response['result'][0]['hostid']
            else:
                print "error "+hostip
                return "error"

pysql.conn_mysql()的实现

#coding:utf-8
import pymysql
class conn_mysql:
    def __init__(self):
        self.db_host = 'zabbixdbip'
        self.db_user = 'dbusername'
        self.db_passwd = 'dbuserpassword'
        self.database = "dbname"

    def query_mysqlrelists(self, sql):
        conn = pymysql.connect(host=self.db_host, user=self.db_user, passwd=self.db_passwd,database=self.database)
        cur = conn.cursor()
        cur.execute(sql)
        data = cur.fetchall()
        cur.close()
        conn.close()
        #print data
        # 查询到有数据则进入行判断，row有值且值有效则取指定行数据，无值则默认第一行
        if data != None and len(data) > 0:
            return data
            #调用方式:for ids, in datas:
        else:
            return "error"
        #此方法返回的数据不含数据库字段的列表,如果要返回包含列名(KEY)的字典列表,则:conn = pymysql.connect(host=self.db_host, user=self.db_user, passwd=self.db_passwd,database=self.database,cursorclass=pymysql.cursors.DictCursor)  解决:tuple indices must be integers, not str

3.VIEWS.PY及前端和前端伟递参数的说明

views.py对应的方法

#@login_required
def zabbixmanage(request):
    if request.method=="POST":
        uptime = request.POST.get('uptime')
        downtime= request.POST.get('downtime')

        UTC_FORMAT = "%Y-%m-%dT%H:%M"
        utcTime = datetime.datetime.strptime(uptime, UTC_FORMAT)
        uptime = str(utcTime + datetime.timedelta(hours=0))
        utcTime = datetime.datetime.strptime(downtime, UTC_FORMAT)
        downtime = str(utcTime + datetime.timedelta(hours=0))

        if request.POST.has_key('iplists'):
            try:
                sqlstr=request.POST.get("sqlstr")
                u1=upproxy.ZabbixTools()  #前面的python文件名为upproxy.py,类名为ZabbixTools
                u1.djiplist(uptime,downtime,sqlstr)
            except Exception:
                return render(request,"zbx1.html",{"login_err":"FAILSTEP1"})
        if request.POST.has_key('descs'):
            try:
                sqlstr = request.POST.get("sqlstr")
                u1 = upproxy.ZabbixTools()  
                u1.djdescript(uptime,downtime,sqlstr)
            except Exception:
                return render(request,"zbx1.html",{"login_err":"FAILSTEP2"})
        if request.POST.has_key('ipnets'):
            try:
                sqlstr = request.POST.get("sqlstr")
                u1 = upproxy.ZabbixTools()
                u1.djdescript(uptime,downtime,"ip",sqlstr)
            except Exception:
                return render(request,"zbx1.html",{"login_err":"FAILSTEP3"})

HTML的简单写法,不太会写,很潦草

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
	<meta charset="utf-8">
	<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
	<title>ZABBIXMANAGE</title>
</head>
<body>
	<div id="container" class="cls-container">
		<div id="bg-overlay" ></div>
		<div class="cls-header cls-header-lg">
			<div class="cls-brand">
                <h3>ZABBIX主机维护模式</h3>
                <h4>开始时间小于结束时间</h4>
			</div>
		</div>
		<div class="cls-content">
			<div class="cls-content-sm panel">
				<div class="panel-body">

					<form id="loginForm" action="{% url 'zabbixmanage' %}" method="POST"> {% csrf_token %}
						<div class="form-group">
							<div class="input-group">
								<div class="input-group-addon"><i class="fa fa-user"></i></div>
                                <textarea type="text" class="form-control" name="sqlstr" placeholder="IP列表,关键字或者IP网段" style="width:300px;height:111px"></textarea></br>
							</div>
						</div>
                        </br></br>
                        开始时间:<input type="datetime-local" name="uptime">
                        </br></br>
                        结束时间:<input type="datetime-local" name="downtime">
                        </br></br>
                        <p class="pad-btm">按IP列表维护:按行输入IP列表加入维护,一行一个IP,多行输入</p>
                        <p class="pad-btm">按关键字匹配:主机描述信息的关键字匹配的加入维护,一般用于虚拟机宿主机和关键字匹配</p>
                        <p class="pad-btm">匹配子网关键字维护:IP网段匹配的加入维护,一次填写一个子网,多个子网多次设置,写法示例:172.16.</p>
						<button class="btn btn-success btn-block" type="submit" name="iplists">
							<b>按IP列表维护一般情况用这个就行</b>
						</button>
                        </br></br>
                        <button class="btn btn-success btn-block" type="submit" name="descs">
							<b>按关键字匹配</b>
						</button>
                        <button class="btn btn-success btn-block" type="submit" name="ipnets">
							<b>匹配子网关键字维护</b>
						</button>
                        <h4 style="color: red"><b>{{ login_err }}</b></h4>
					</form>
				</div>
			</div>
		</div>		
	</div>
</body>
</html>

跑起来大约是这个界面,用户填写主机IP列表,或匹配的描述,或子网的信息,选好时间,点个按钮就能实现批量的维护任务