【运维不走弯路】最简单的k8s集群搭建(基于ubuntu22.04 cloud-img)

配置详情

节点	k8s	docker	containerd
master	v1.26.0	24.0.6	1.6.22
node1	v1.26.0	24.0.6	1.6.22
node2	v1.26.0	24.0.6	1.6.22
node3	v1.26.0	24.0.6	1.6.22

所有节点操作

替换系统源

cat <<'EOF' > /etc/apt/sources.list
# 默认注释了源码镜像以提高 apt update 速度，如有需要可自行取消注释
deb https://mirrors.cloud.tencent.com/ubuntu/ jammy main restricted universe multiverse
# deb-src https://mirrors.cloud.tencent.com/ubuntu/ jammy main restricted universe multiverse
deb https://mirrors.cloud.tencent.com/ubuntu/ jammy-updates main restricted universe multiverse
# deb-src https://mirrors.cloud.tencent.com/ubuntu/ jammy-updates main restricted universe multiverse
deb https://mirrors.cloud.tencent.com/ubuntu/ jammy-backports main restricted universe multiverse
# deb-src https://mirrors.cloud.tencent.com/ubuntu/ jammy-backports main restricted universe multiverse

# deb https://mirrors.cloud.tencent.com/ubuntu/ jammy-security main restricted universe multiverse
# deb-src https://mirrors.cloud.tencent.com/ubuntu/ jammy-security main restricted universe multiverse

deb https://mirrors.cloud.tencent.com/ubuntu/ jammy-security main restricted universe multiverse
# deb-src https://mirrors.cloud.tencent.com/ubuntu/ jammy-security main restricted universe multiverse

# 预发布软件源，不建议启用
# deb https://mirrors.cloud.tencent.com/ubuntu/ jammy-proposed main restricted universe multiverse
# deb-src https://mirrors.cloud.tencent.com/ubuntu/ jammy-proposed main restricted universe multiverse
EOF

修改内核(containerd、k8s)

sudo tee /etc/modules-load.d/containerd.conf <<EOF
overlay
br_netfilter
EOF
sudo modprobe overlay
sudo modprobe br_netfilter

sudo tee /etc/sysctl.d/kubernetes.conf <<EOF
net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-ip6tables = 1
net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-iptables = 1
net.ipv4.ip_forward = 1
EOF

sudo sysctl --system

安装docker、containerd

sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install ca-certificates curl gnupg

sudo install -m 0755 -d /etc/apt/keyrings
curl -fsSL https://download.docker.com/linux/ubuntu/gpg | sudo gpg --dearmor -o /etc/apt/keyrings/docker.gpg
sudo chmod a+r /etc/apt/keyrings/docker.gpg
echo \
	"deb [arch=$(dpkg --print-architecture) signed-by=/etc/apt/keyrings/docker.gpg] https://mirrors.cloud.tencent.com/docker-ce/linux/ubuntu \
	"$(. /etc/os-release && echo "$VERSION_CODENAME")" stable" | \
  sudo tee /etc/apt/sources.list.d/docker.list > /dev/null

sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install -y docker-ce docker-ce-cli containerd.io docker-buildx-plugin docker-compose-plugin

更换docker源 、设置systemd为docker cgroup驱动程序

echo "DOCKER_OPTS="--registry-mirror=https://mirror.ccs.tencentyun.com"" >> /etc/default/docker
cat >> /etc/docker/daemon.json << EOF
{
"registry-mirrors": [
"https://mirror.ccs.tencentyun.com"
],
"exec-opts": ["native.cgroupdriver=systemd"]
}
EOF
systemctl restart docker && systemctl enable docker

检测Cgroup是否为systemd

docker info|grep Cgroup

containerd config default | sudo tee /etc/containerd/config.toml >/dev/null 2>&1
sudo sed -i 's/SystemdCgroup = false/SystemdCgroup = true/g' /etc/containerd/config.toml
sed -i "s#registry.k8s.io/pause#registry.aliyuncs.com/google_containers/pause#g" /etc/containerd/config.toml
sed -i "s#3.6#3.9#g" /etc/containerd/config.toml

#sed -i -r '/cri/s/(.*)/#\1/' /etc/containerd/config.toml
systemctl restart containerd && systemctl enable containerd

设置阿里云k8s源并安装(1.26.0为例)

apt-get update && apt-get install -y apt-transport-https
curl https://mirrors.aliyun.com/kubernetes/apt/doc/apt-key.gpg | apt-key add -
cat > /etc/apt/sources.list.d/kubernetes.list << EOF
deb https://mirrors.aliyun.com/kubernetes/apt kubernetes-xenial main
EOF
sudo apt-get update

# 安装具体版本 

apt-get install -y kubelet=1.26.0-00 kubeadm=1.26.0-00 kubectl=1.26.0-00
systemctl enable kubelet --now

主节点安装k8s

拉取镜像

sudo kubeadm config images pull --kubernetes-version=v1.26.0 --image-repository registry.aliyuncs.com/google_containers

部署

sudo kubeadm init --kubernetes-version=v1.26.0 --image-repository registry.aliyuncs.com/google_containers --pod-network-cidr=10.244.0.0/16

复制配置文件到当前用户目录下

mkdir -p $HOME/.kube
sudo cp -i /etc/kubernetes/admin.conf $HOME/.kube/config
sudo chown -R $USER:$USER $HOME/.kube

安装网络插件

kubectl apply -f https://mirror.ghproxy.com/https://raw.githubusercontent.com/coreos/flannel/master/Documentation/kube-flannel.yml

子节点加入集群

master生成

kubeadm token create --print-join-command --ttl 0 --kubeconfig /etc/kubernetes/admin.conf

node节点加入

需要将下面的详细命令替换为master生成的加入命令

kubeadm join 192.168.100.11:6443 --token j5y9po.3zl4scvmlr847zyj \
        --discovery-token-ca-cert-hash sha256:110d875dc494ac5ea2a80806dd08e909b344dda73a889e3b39d15a704fcd7379

错误处理

crictl images/ps报错

root@master:~# crictl ps
WARN[0000] runtime connect using default endpoints: [unix:///var/run/dockershim.sock unix:///run/containerd/containerd.sock unix:///run/crio/crio.sock unix:///var/run/cri-dockerd.sock]. As the default settings are now deprecated, you should set the endpoint instead. 
WARN[0000] image connect using default endpoints: [unix:///var/run/dockershim.sock unix:///run/containerd/containerd.sock unix:///run/crio/crio.sock unix:///var/run/cri-dockerd.sock]. As the default settings are now deprecated, you should set the endpoint instead. 
E1225 09:02:56.219076   11547 remote_runtime.go:390] "ListContainers with filter from runtime service failed" err="rpc error: code = Unavailable desc = connection error: desc = \"transport: Error while dialing dial unix /var/run/dockershim.sock: connect: no such file or directory\"" filter="&ContainerFilter{Id:,State:&ContainerStateValue{State:CONTAINER_RUNNING,},PodSandboxId:,LabelSelector:map[string]string{},}"
FATA[0000] listing containers: rpc error: code = Unavailable desc = connection error: desc = "transport: Error while dialing dial unix /var/run/dockershim.sock: connect: no such file or directory"

解决方法

cat > /etc/crictl.yaml <<EOF
runtime-endpoint: unix:///var/run/containerd/containerd.sock
image-endpoint: unix:///var/run/containerd/containerd.sock
timeout: 0
debug: false
pull-image-on-create: false
EOF