目录
概念:
本质:函数对象(仿函数)是一个类,不是一个函数?
特点:
#include<iostream>
using namespace std;
//函数对象——仿函数
class MyAdd
{
public:
int operator()(int v1, int v2)
{
return v1 + v2;
}
};
//1.函数对象在使用时,可以像普通函数那样调用,可以有参数,可以有返回值
void test01()
{
MyAdd myadd;
cout << myadd(10, 10) << endl;
}
//2.函数对象超出普通函数的概念,函数对象可以有自己的状态
class MyPrint
{
public:
MyPrint()
{
this->count = 0;
}
void operator()(string test)
{
cout << test << endl;
count++;
}
int count;//内部自己的状态
};
void test02()
{
MyPrint myprint;
myprint("hello world!");
myprint("hello world!");
cout << "myprint调用的次数:" << myprint.count << endl;
}
//3.函数对象可以作为参数传递
void doPrint(MyPrint&mp,string test)
{
mp(test);
}
void test03()
{
MyPrint myprint;
doPrint(myprint, "hello C++");
}
int main()
{
//test01();
//test02();
test03();
system("pause");
return 0;
}
概念:
#include<iostream>
using namespace std;
#include<vector>
//谓词——仿函数返回值是bool数据类型
//一元谓词
class GreaterFive
{
public:
bool operator()(int val)
{
return val > 5;
}
};
void test01()
{
vector<int>v;
for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++)
{
v.push_back(i);
}
//查找容器中有没有大于5的数字
//GreaterFive()匿名函数对象
vector<int>::iterator it = find_if(v.begin(), v.end(), GreaterFive());
if (it == v.end())
{
cout << "没有找到" << endl;
}
else
{
cout << "找到了:" << *it << endl;
}
}
int main()
{
test01();
system("pause");
return 0;
}
#include<iostream>
using namespace std;
#include<vector>
#include<algorithm>
//二元谓词
class MyCompare
{
public:
bool operator()(int v1, int v2)
{
return v1 > v2;
}
};
void test01()
{
vector<int>v;
v.push_back(10);
v.push_back(50);
v.push_back(30);
v.push_back(90);
v.push_back(40);
sort(v.begin(), v.end());
for (vector<int>::iterator it = v.begin(); it != v.end(); it++)
{
cout << *it << " ";
}
cout << endl;
//使用函数对象 改变算法策略,变为降序排序
// MyCompare()匿名函数对象
sort(v.begin(), v.end(), MyCompare());
for (vector<int>::iterator it = v.begin(); it != v.end(); it++)
{
cout << *it << " ";
}
cout << endl;
}
int main()
{
test01();
system("pause");
return 0;
}
分类:
用法:
仿函数原理:
#include<iostream>
using namespace std;
#include<functional>
//内建仿函数 算数仿函数
//negate——取反(一元仿函数)
void test01()
{
negate<int>n;
cout << n(50) << endl;
}
//plus——取和(二元仿函数)
void test02()
{
plus<int>p;
cout << p(5, 50) << endl;
}
int main()
{
//test01();
test02();
system("pause");
return 0;
}
仿函数原型:
#include<iostream>
using namespace std;
#include<vector>
#include<algorithm>
class MyCompare
{
public:
bool operator()(int v1, int v2)
{
return v1 > v2;
}
};
void test01()
{
vector<int>v;
v.push_back(10);
v.push_back(60);
v.push_back(30);
v.push_back(70);
v.push_back(20);
for (vector<int>::iterator it = v.begin(); it != v.end(); it++)
{
cout << *it << " ";
}
cout << endl;
//降序
//sort(v.begin(), v.end(), MyCompare());
//greater<int>()内建函数对象
sort(v.begin(), v.end(), greater<int>());
for (vector<int>::iterator it = v.begin(); it != v.end(); it++)
{
cout << *it << " ";
}
cout << endl;
}
int main()
{
test01();
system("pause");
return 0;
}
函数原型:
#include<iostream>
using namespace std;
#include<vector>
#include<algorithm>
#include<functional>
//逻辑仿函数
//逻辑非——logical_not
void test01()
{
vector<bool>v;
v.push_back(true);
v.push_back(false);
v.push_back(true);
v.push_back(false);
for (vector<bool>::iterator it = v.begin(); it != v.end(); it++)
{
cout << *it << " ";
}
cout << endl;
//利用逻辑非 将容器v搬运到容器v2中,并执行取反操作
vector<bool>v2;
v2.resize(v.size());
transform(v.begin(), v.end(), v2.begin(), logical_not<bool>());
for (vector<bool>::iterator it = v2.begin(); it != v2.end(); it++)
{
cout << *it << " ";
}
cout << endl;
}
int main()
{
test01();
system("pause");
return 0;
}
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