目录
3.空接口与路由黑洞、浮动静态——上面没有主动路由黑洞、额外的
PC>ping 192.168.6.2
Ping 192.168.6.2: 32 data bytes, Press Ctrl_C to breal
Request timeout!
From 192.168.6.2: bytes=32 seq=2 ttl=127 time=109 ms From 192.168.6.2: bytes=32 seq=3 ttl=127 time=78 ms From 192.168.6.2: bytes=32 seq=4 ttl=127 time=110 ms From 192.168.6.2: bytes=32 seq=5 ttl=127 time=78 ms
192.168.6.2 ping statistics
5 packet (s) transmitted
4 packet (s) received
20.00% packet loss round-trip min/avg/max = 0/93/110 ms——时延高、ARP
2)如果没有补充路由表
PC>ping 192.168.1.5
Ping 192.168.1.5: 32 data bytes, Press Ctrl_C to break
From 192.168.1.1: Destination host unreachable
From 192.168.1.1: Destination host unreachable
From 192.168.1.1: Destination host unreachable
From 192.168.1.1: Destination host unreachable
From 192.168.1.1: Destination host unreachable——无条件丢弃
192.168.1.0 24
?. . .0 0000000 25
? ? ? 0
? ? ? 1
? ? ?128
192.168.1.0 25
192.168.1.128 25
?192.168.1.0 25
?. . . 0 00 00000 27
? ? ? ? ?00
? ? ? ? ?01?
? ? ? ? ?10
? ? ? ? ?11
? ? ? ? 64 32
192.168.1.0 27
192.168.1.32 27
192.168.1.64 27
192.168.1.96 27192.168.1.96 27
?. . .000 00 000 29
? ? ? ?16 8 ?
192.168.1.0 29
192.168.1.8 29
192.168.1.16 29 ?
192.168.1.24 29 ??192.168.1.0 29
?. . .000000 00 ?30192.168.1.128 25
?. . .0 0 000000 26
? ? ? ? 0
? ? ? ? 1
? ? ? ? 64
192.168.1.0 26
192.168.1.64 26192.168.1.0 26
?. . .00 0 0000 27
? ? ? ? ?0
? ? ? ? ?1
? ? ? ? ?32
192.168.1.0 27
192.168.1.32 2792.168.1.0 27
?. . .000000 00 3092.168.1.0 30
?
互联网+没有WAN——WAN直连路由的下一个路由分
骨干+路由背后网段——尽量2的次方个
要WAN的部门路由
r1本身及背后——r4本身及背后
r4与r5
网段
静态路由
ip route-static 网段/详细 mask 下一跳
环回接口
interface LoopBack 0-1023
手工汇总
ip route-static 网段 maask 下一跳
缺省路由
ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0 下一跳
PING 8.8.8.8: 56 data bytes, press CTRL_C to break
Reply from 8.8.8.8: bytes-56 Sequence-l ttl-253 time-70 ms
Reply from 8.8.8.8: bytes=56 Sequence=2 ttl=253 time=20 ms
Reply from 8.8.8.8: bytes=56 Sequence=3 ttl=253 time=40 ms
Reply from 8.8.8.8: bytes=56 Sequence=4 ttl=253 time=20 ms
Reply from 8.8.8.8: bytes=56 Sequence=5 ttl=253 time=40 ms
8.8.8.8 ping statistics
5 packet (s) transmitted
5 packet (s) received
0.00% packet loss round-trip min/avg/max= 20/38/70 ms
空接口
ip route-static 网段 mask NULL 0
浮动静态
静态路由 preference 0-255
配置IP地址
r6
interface GigabitEthernet 0/0/0
ip address 192.168.1.65 27
quit
interface GigabitEthernet 0/0/0——假设为与0/0/0不同的带宽接口
ip address 192.168.1.33 27
quit
r7
interface GigabitEthernet 0/0/1
ip address 192.168.1.66 27
quit
interface GigabitEthernet 0/0/0
ip address 192.168.1.34 27
quit
环回——空接口、不用配置IP地址-防止主动黑洞、可以配置缺省路由检验
r6
interface LoopBack 0——《0-1023任意一个都行》
ip route-static 192.168.1.16 27 NULL 0——空接口
quit
空接口-192.168.1.0 27、192.168.1.97 27
r6
interface LoopBack 1
ip address 192.168.1.1 27
quit
r7
interface LoopBack 0
ip address 192.168.1.97 27
quit
下一跳
r6
ip route-static 192.168.1.96 27 192.168.1.66
r7
ip route-static 192.168.1.96 27 192.168.1.65
浮动路由——备用也要下一跳、直接写浮动路由
r6
ip route-static 192.168.1.96 27 192.168.1.34 preference 61
r7
ip route-static 192.168.1.0 27 192.168.1.33 preference 61
可以加缺省路由——缺省路由优先级默认255、可以改
r6
ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0 192.168.1.66 preference 254
ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0 192.168.1.33 preference 255
检验
r6/r7
interface GigabitEthernet 0/0/0——任意一个输入关闭接口
Shutdown
undo shutdown——打开接口
r6
interface LoopBack 1
ping 192.168.1.97
PING 192.168.1.96: 56 data bytes, press CTRL C to break
Reply from 192.168.1.97: bytes=56 Sequence=l ttl=255 time=30 ms
Reply from 192.168.1.97: bytes=56 Sequence=2 ttl=255 time=l ms
Reply from 192.168.1.97: bytes=56 Sequence=3 ttl=255 time=20 ms
Reply from 192.168.1.97: bytes=56 Sequence=4 ttl=255 time=20 ms
Reply from 192.168.1.97: bytes=56 Sequence=5 ttl=255 time=20 ms
192.168.1.96 ping statistics ---
5 packet (s) transmitted
5 packet (s) received
0.00% packet loss round-trip min/avg/max= 1/18/30 ms
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