Linux下安装MySQL

Linux安装MySQL

1. 查看是否已经安装 Mysql

rpm -qa | grep mysql

如果你查看出来有东西，可以使用下面命令将其删除（xxx 为文件全名）

rpm -e xxx

2. 下载官方 Mysql 包

2.1 下载mysql

MySQL

选择对应的包，右键复制下载链接

输入命令下载

wget https://downloads.mysql.com/archives/get/p/23/file/mysql-5.7.35-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz

2. 解压

tar -zxvf mysql-5.7.35-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz

3. 移动MySQL目录

mv /root/download/mysql-5.7.35-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64 /usr/local/mysql

3. 先检查是否有mysql用户组和mysql用户,没有就添加有就忽略：

groups mysql 

添加用户组和用户

groupadd mysql && useradd -r -g mysql mysql

4. 创建数据目录并赋予权限

先进入目录/usr/local/mysql/mysql-5.7.35-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64

mkdir  data
chown mysql:mysql -R data

然后重命名mysql-5.7.35-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64

mv mysql-5.7.35-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64 mysql5.7

5.修改配置文件

mkdir etc
vim /etc/my.cnf 

[mysqld]
bind-address=0.0.0.0
port=3306
user=mysql
basedir=/usr/local/mysql/mysql5.7
datadir=/usr/local/mysql/mysql5.7/data
socket=/tmp/mysql.sock
log-error=/usr/local/mysql/mysql5.7/data/mysql.err
pid-file=/usr/local/mysql/mysql5.7/data/mysql.pid
#character config
character_set_server=utf8mb4
symbolic-links=0
explicit_defaults_for_timestamp=true

6. 初始化

cd /usr/local/mysql/mysql-5.7/bin
./mysqld --defaults-file=/etc/my.cnf --basedir=/usr/local/mysql/mysql5.7/ --datadir=/usr/local/mysql/mysql5.7/data --user=mysql --initialize

7. 查看初始密码

cat /data/mysql.err

8. 启动mysql

cp /usr/local/mysql/mysql5.7/support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysql
service mysql start

9. 修改密码

 /usr/local/mysql/mysql5.7/bin/mysql -u root -p
ALTER USER "root"@"%" IDENTIFIED  BY "123456";
ALTER USER USER() IDENTIFIED BY '123456';#MySQL 报错解决：ERROR 1820 (HY000): You must reset your password using ALTER USER statement before
FLUSH PRIVILEGES; 　　 　　 #刷新 

10. 刷新规则允许外部访问

use mysql; 　　　　 #选择访问mysql库
update user set host = '%' where user = 'root'; 　　　　 #使root能再任何host访问
FLUSH PRIVILEGES; 　　 　　 #刷新 

11. 退出

quit;

报错

1. -bash: wget: 未找到命令

安装wget

yum -y install wget

2.MySQL 报错解决：ERROR 1820 (HY000): You must reset your password using ALTER USER statement before

ALTER USER USER() IDENTIFIED BY '123456';