k8s---ingress实现https代理访问

发布时间:2024年01月18日

预知

ingress实现https代理

创建证书 密钥

secrets保存密钥信息,部署pod时把secrets挂载到pod

[root@master01 ~]# openssl req -x509 -sha256 -nodes -days 365 -newkey rsa:2048 -keyout tls.key -out.crt -subj "/CN=nginxzzr/O=nginxzzr"

req:生成证书文件的请求
x509:生成x.509自签名的证书
-sha256:表示生成的密钥不加密
-day 365:证书有效期365天
-newkey rsa:2048 :RSA密钥对,长度2048位。
-keyout tls.key -out.crt:密钥文件key   证书文件:crt

-subj "/CN=nginxzzr/O=nginxzzr":主题 , CN  common  name  O;organization


kubectl create secret tls tls-secret --key=tls.key --cert=tls.crt
创建secret

创建deployment,service,ingress的yaml资源

apiVersion: apps/v1
kind: metadata
metadata:
  name:  nginx-https
  labels:  
    app:  https
spec:
  replicas:  3
  selector:
    matchLabels:
      app: https
  template:
    metadata:
      labels:
        app: https
    spec:
      containers:
        - name: nginx
          image: nginx:1.22
---
apiVersion:  v1
kind: Service
metadata:
  name:  nginx-svc
spec:  
  ports:  
    - port:  80
      targetPort:  80
      protocol:  TCP
  selector:
    app: https
---
apiVersion:  networking.k8s.io/v1
kind: Ingress
metadata:
  name: nginx-ingress-https
spec:
  tls:
    - hosts:  
      - www.123zzr.com
      secretName:  tls-secret
#加密的配置保存在ingress当中(请求---ingress-controller---ingress----service)。所以在ingress模块将加密文件导入
#在代理进行时,就要先验证密钥对,然后再把请求转发到service对应的pod
  rules:
    - host: www.123zzr.com
      http:
        paths:
        - path: /
          pathType: Prefix
          backend:
            service:
              name: nginx-svc
              port: 
                number: 80
                
wq
kubectl apply -f ingress-https.yaml
kubectl get pod
kubectl get svc -n ingress-nginx
vim /etc/hosts

也可以实现负载均衡。

nginx的登录账号认证

cd /opt
cd https
mkdir basic-auth
cd basic-auth
yum -y install httpd
htpasswd -c auth zzr 
123456
123456
//认证的文件名只能叫auth

ls
认证文件已经生成

kubectl create secret generic basic-auth --from-file=auth
kubectl describle secrets basic-auth

vim ingress.yaml

apiVersion: networking.k8s.io/v1
kind: Ingress
metadata:
  name: ingress-auth
  annotations:
#开启认证模块
    nginx.ingress.kubernets.io/auth-type: basic
#设置认证类型位basic,这是k8s自带的认证加密模块
    nginx.ingress.kubernets.io/auth-secret: basic-auth
#把认证的加密模块导入ingress当中
    nginx.ingress.kubernets.io/auth-realm: 'Authentication Required -zzr'
spec:
  rules:
  - hosts: www.zzr.com
    http:
      paths:
      - path: /
        pathType: Prefix
        backend:
          service:
          name: nginx-svc
          port:
            number: 80

nginx重写

apiVersion: networking.k8s.io/v1
kind: Ingress
metadata:
  name: nginx-rewrite
  annotations:
    nginx.ingress.kubernetes.io/rewrite-target: https://www.123zzr.com:32396
spec:
  rules:
  - host: www.zzr.com
    http:
      paths:
      - path: /
        pathType: Prefix
        backend:
          service:
            name: nginx-svc
            port:
              number: 80
              
vim /etc/hosts

nginx-ingress-controller

traefik ingress controller

traefik 是一个为了让部署微服务更加快捷而诞生的一个http反向代理,负载均衡。

traefik设计时就能够实时的和k8s API交互,可以感知后端service和pod的变化,还可以自动更新配置和重载。

pod内 nginx 80 8081

traefik的部署方式:

daemonset

特点:优点,每个节点都会部署一个traefik,节点感知,可以自动发现,更新容器的配置。不需要手动重载。

缺点:资源占用,大型集群中,daemonset可能会运行多个traefik的实力,尤其是节点上不需要大量容器的情况下。没有办法扩缩容。

部署对外集群:对外的业务会经常变更,daemonset可以更好的,自动的发现服务配置变更

deployment:

优点:集中办公控制,可以使用少量的实例来运行处理整个集群的流量。更容易升级和维护。

缺点:deployment的负载均衡不会均分到每个节点。

无法感知容器内部配置的变化,所以得手动更新。

部署对内集群:对内的相对稳定,更新和变化也比较少,适合deployment

tarffic-type:internal 对内服务

traffic-type:external 对外服务

nignx-ingress和traefik-ingress区别

nginx-ingress 相对较慢

工作原理都一样,都是7层代理,都可以动态的更新配置,都可以自动发现服务。

traefik-ingress自动更新的重载更快,更方便

traefik的并发能力只有nginx-ingress的60%

演示deployment

cd /opt
mkdir traefik
cd traefik
wget  https://gitee.com/mirrors/traefik/raw/v1.7/examples/k8s/traefik-deployment.yaml
wget  https://gitee.com/mirrors/traefik/raw/v1.7/examples/k8s/traefik-rbac.yaml
wget  https://gitee.com/mirrors/traefik/raw/v1.7/examples/k8s/traefik-ds.yaml
//daemonset

wget  https://gitee.com/mirrors/traefik/raw/v1.7/examples/k8s/ui.yaml


kubectl apply -f traefik-rbac.yaml
kubectl apply -f traefik-ds.yaml
kubectl apply -f ui.yaml


vim traefik-
apiVersion: apps/v1
kind: Deployment
metadata:
  name: nginx-traefik
  labels: 
    nginx: traefik
spec:
  replicas: 3
  selector:
    matchLabels:
      nginx: traefik
  template:
    metadata:
      labels:
        nginx: traefik
    spec:
      containers:
        - name: nginx
          image: nginx:1.22
---
apiVersion: v1
kind: Service
metadata:
  name: nginx-traefik-svc1
spec:
  ports:
    - port: 80
      targetPort: 80
      protocol: TCP
  selector:
    nginx: traefik
---
apiVersion: networking.k8s.io/v1
kind: Ingress
metadata:
  name: nginx-traefik-test1
spec:
  rules:
    - host: www.zzrhj.com
      http:
        paths:
        - path: /
          pathType: Prefix
          backend:
            service:
              name: nginx-traefik-svc1
              port:
                number: 80
wq

kubectl apply -f traefik

daemonset演示

cd /opt
mkdir traefik
cd traefik
wget  https://gitee.com/mirrors/traefik/raw/v1.7/examples/k8s/traefik-rbac.yaml
wget  https://gitee.com/mirrors/traefik/raw/v1.7/examples/k8s/traefik-ds.yaml
//daemonset

wget  https://gitee.com/mirrors/traefik/raw/v1.7/examples/k8s/ui.yaml


kubectl apply -f traefik-rbac.yaml
kubectl apply -f traefik-ds.yaml
kubectl apply -f ui.yaml
apiVersion: apps/v1
kind: Deployment
metadata:
  name: nginx-traefik
  labels:
    nginx: traefik
spec:
  replicas: 3
  selector:
    matchLabels:
      nginx: traefik
  template:
    metadata:
      labels:
        nginx: traefik
    spec:
      containers:
        - name: nginx
          image: nginx:1.22
          volumeMounts:
          - name: nginx-conf
            mountPath: /etc/nginx
      volumes:
      - name: nginx-conf
        configMap:
          name: nginx-conf

---
apiVersion: v1
kind: Service
metadata:
  name: nginx-traefik-svc1
spec:
  ports:
    - port: 81
      targetPort: 81
      protocol: TCP
  selector:
    nginx: traefik

---
apiVersion: networking.k8s.io/v1
kind: Ingress
metadata:
  name: nginx-traefik-test1
spec:
  rules:
    - host: www.abcabc.com
      http:
        paths:
        - path: /
          pathType: Prefix
          backend:
            service:
              name: nginx-traefik-svc1
              port:
                number: 81

ingress总结

ingress的类型:

nginx-ingress-controller

traefik-ingress-controller

这两个都是开源的控制器

nginx-ingress-controller控制器三种模式:

deployment+loadbalancer:公有云提供负载均衡的公网地址

daemonset+hostnetwork+nodeselector:和节点服务共享网络,一个节点一个controller pod。使用宿主机的端口性能最好,适合大并发

deployment+nodeport:最常见也是最常用,也是最简单的方法。但是性能不太好,多了一层nat地址转发。

适用于高并发、大集群使用

traefik-ingress-controller控制器模式:

daemonset:对外,开源自动更新容器配置。使用hostnetwork模式 使用节点网络

deployment:对内 无法自动更新配置。使用nodeport模式。

适用于小集群
?

https:

1.生成证书,密钥

2.创建secret,保存证书和密钥

3.创建ingress把secret导入。

加密认证:

  1. htpasswd -c auth:认证文件只能是auth

  2. 创建ingress时指定认证的类型、导入密钥文件、最后加上密钥信息

  3. 定义ingress的规则

  4.   annotations:
    #开启认证模块的配置
        nginx.ingress.kubernetes.io/auth-type: basic
    #设置认证类型为basic。是k8s自带的认证加密模块
        nginx.ingress.kubernetes.io/auth-secret: basic-auth
    #把认证的加密模块导入到ingress当中
        nginx.ingress.kubernetes.io/auth-realm: 'Authentication Required-zyg'
    #设置认证窗口的提示信息。

nginx重定向

在指定的ingres文件当中声明的url都会跳转到这个地址

    nginx.ingress.kubernetes.io/rewrite-target: https://www.123ccc.com:30416
#在指定的ingres文件当中声明的url都会跳转到这个地址

文章来源:https://blog.csdn.net/qq_51506982/article/details/135678415
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