向量数据库:Milvus

发布时间:2024年01月09日

特性

????????Milvus由Go(63.4%),Python(17.0%),C++(16.6%),Shell(1.3%)等语言开发开发,支持python,go,java接口(C++,Rust,c#等语言还在开发中),支持单机、集群部署,支持CPU、GPU运算。Milvus 中的所有搜索和查询操作都在内存中执行。,当前支持的Dimensions of a vector的最大值为32,768其他限制

使用步骤:

???????? M i l v u s 和之前讨论的 f a i s s , u s e a r c h 的不同在于,使用前需要先安装服务端的 M i l v u s ,否则会有以下错误: \color{red} Milvus和之前讨论的faiss,usearch的不同在于,使用前需要先安装服务端的Milvus,否则会有以下错误: Milvus和之前讨论的faiss,usearch的不同在于,使用前需要先安装服务端的Milvus,否则会有以下错误:pymilvus.exceptions.MilvusException: <MilvusException: (code=2, message=Fail connecting to server on 127.0.0.1:19530. Timeout)>

安装Milvus:根据你的操作系统和需求,选择适合的安装方式,可以是Docker容器、二进制文件或源代码编译安装。

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安装

  • wget https://github.com/milvus-io/milvus/releases/download/v2.3.4/milvus-standalone-docker-compose.yml -O docker-compose.yml
  • sudo docker compose up -d
$ sudo docker compose up -d
[+] Running 23/23
 ? standalone 7 layers [???????]      0B/0B      Pulled                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                               13.8s 
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 ? etcd 7 layers [???????]      0B/0B      Pulled                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                     15.8s 
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 ? minio 6 layers [??????]      0B/0B      Pulled                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                     14.1s 
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[+] Building 0.0s (0/0)                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                     
[+] Running 4/4
 ? Network milvus               Created                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                0.1s 
 ? Container milvus-minio       Started                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                4.6s 
 ? Container milvus-etcd        Started                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                3.5s 
 ? Container milvus-standalone  Started   
$ sudo docker compose ps
NAME                IMAGE                                      COMMAND                  SERVICE             CREATED              STATUS                        PORTS
milvus-etcd         quay.io/coreos/etcd:v3.5.5                 "etcd -advertise-cli…"   etcd                About a minute ago   Up About a minute (healthy)   2379-2380/tcp
milvus-minio        minio/minio:RELEASE.2023-03-20T20-16-18Z   "/usr/bin/docker-ent…"   minio               About a minute ago   Up About a minute (healthy)   0.0.0.0:9000-9001->9000-9001/tcp, :::9000-9001->9000-9001/tcp
milvus-standalone   milvusdb/milvus:v2.3.4                     "/tini -- milvus run…"   standalone          About a minute ago   Up About a minute (healthy)   0.0.0.0:9091->9091/tcp, :::9091->9091/tcp, 0.0.0.0:19530->19530/tcp, :::19530->19530/tcp

测试链接

  • docker port milvus-standalone 19530/tcp // docker port 命令用于查看正在运行的容器中某个端口的映射情况
$ sudo docker port milvus-standalone 19530/tcp
0.0.0.0:19530
[::]:19530

停止 Milvus服务

  • 要停止 Milvus 单机版,请运行:

  • sudo docker compose down

  • 如需在停止 Milvus 后删除数据,请执行以下命令:

  • sudo rm -rf volumes

客户端使用

安装

$ pip3 install pymilvus # https://github.com/milvus-io/pymilvus

使用

from pymilvus import connections, FieldSchema, CollectionSchema, DataType, Collection, utility




# --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# 服务器地址信息
HOST = '127.0.0.1'
PORT = '19530'
# 向量信息
DIM = 200 # dimension
COLLECTION_NAME = 'test'
# --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# 创建 Milvus 集合,可参考https://milvus.io/docs/create_collection.md
def create_milvus_collection(collection_name, dim):
    # 是否已存在同名集合
    if utility.has_collection(collection_name):
        utility.drop_collection(collection_name)# 如果存在,则删除已有集合
    
    # 定义集合的字段信息。注:为了降低数据插入的复杂度,Milvus 允许你为每个标量字段指定一个默认值,不包括主键字段
    fields = [
        FieldSchema(name='path', dtype=DataType.VARCHAR, description='图像路径', max_length=500, 
                    is_primary=True, auto_id=False),# 存储图像路径的 'path' 字段
        FieldSchema(name='embedding', dtype=DataType.FLOAT_VECTOR, description='图像嵌入向量', dim=dim)# 存储图像嵌入向量的 'embedding' 字段
    ]
    
    # 创建集合的模式
    schema = CollectionSchema(fields=fields, description='集合描述信息')
    
    # 使用架构创建集合,到这一步创建的集合就能使用了
    collection = Collection(name=collection_name, schema=schema)

    #  定义用于创建索引的参数,以下示例构建一个 10 聚类IVF_FLAT索引,其中欧几里得距离 (L2) 作为相似度指标
    index_params = {
        "metric_type":"L2",
        "index_type":"IVF_FLAT",
        "params":{"nlist":10}
    }

    # 在 'embedding' 字段上使用指定参数创建索引
    collection.create_index(field_name='embedding', index_params=index_params)
    
    # 返回创建好的集合对象
    return collection

# 发起连接
connections.connect(host=HOST, port=PORT)

# 创建 collection
collection = create_milvus_collection(COLLECTION_NAME, DIM)
print(f'A new collection created: {COLLECTION_NAME}')
# 或者直接连接已有collection collection = Collection("book")


import random
data = [ [str(i) for i in range(2000)],  [[random.random() for _ in range(200)] for _ in range(2000)], # None,
        ]
print(len(data))
mr = collection.insert(data)

search_params = {
    "metric_type": "L2", 
    "offset": 0, 
    "ignore_growing": False, 
    "params": {"nprobe": 10}
}

collection.load()
results = collection.search(
    data=[[random.random() for _ in range(200)]], 
    anns_field="embedding", # Name of the field to search on.
    param=search_params,
    limit=10,
    expr=None,# 用于筛选属性的布尔表达式。有关更多信息,请参见布尔表达式规则。https://milvus.io/docs/boolean.md
    output_fields=['embedding'],#要返回的字段的名称。Milvus 支持返回向量字段。(可选)	
    # consistency_level="Strong" # 搜索的一致性级别(可选)	
)

print(results[0].ids)
print(results[0].distances)
hit = results[0][0]
print(hit.entity.get('embedding')) # 需要指定output_fields

# ['537', '1228', '389', '1527', '395', '190', '1221', '555', '1789', '886']
# [25.513811111450195, 26.030805587768555, 26.122865676879883, 26.59450912475586, 26.952003479003906, 27.123659133911133, 27.264328002929688, 27.28336524963379, 27.417621612548828, 27.71729278564453]
# [0.15461023, 0.30096045, 0.26865703, 0.25927073, 0.33812553, 0.54217076, 0.15246719, 0.731632, 0.45709008, 0.79914236, 0.9088526, 0.02686498, 0.42263803, 0.69333476, 0.39840952, 0.6991515, 0.5305877, 0.6620755, 0.5817265, 0.21614578, 0.8906462, 0.64077824, 0.09763326, 0.8131759, 0.31869066, 0.7435266, 0.727443, 0.6023419, 0.665456, 0.3228657, 0.10494679, 0.7091096, 0.3667962, 0.3149366, 0.15853179, 0.24909244, 0.23726037, 0.17990382, 0.3514512, 0.116617575, 0.5656539, 0.36453706, 0.7430549, 0.5163423, 0.17115992, 0.3062062, 0.9076736, 0.5650338, 0.43389124, 0.6029854, 0.3382137, 0.38251325, 0.7953752, 0.19413383, 0.21625121, 0.04543528, 0.97489053, 0.76131046, 0.17360009, 0.32513952, 0.7822587, 0.99820197, 0.97119784, 0.11839666, 0.004737074, 0.18586244, 0.21051529, 0.5463567, 0.28732273, 0.59985745, 0.35132825, 0.17821868, 0.08039577, 0.22121702, 0.51074564, 0.9789643, 0.91906327, 0.3212936, 0.9785981, 0.70479745, 0.77640325, 0.03191031, 0.12803258, 0.8522966, 0.48946765, 0.8437068, 0.17805281, 0.3471558, 0.7912329, 0.19458486, 0.9588124, 0.5400154, 0.3107983, 0.08004966, 0.40348408, 0.8400167, 0.255088, 0.29406822, 0.69000036, 0.7577903, 0.6970145, 0.99666446, 0.5368813, 0.25070563, 0.10906121, 0.6366669, 0.75897807, 0.2470287, 0.83007634, 0.17270081, 0.37081972, 0.5600866, 0.47211888, 0.48388532, 0.09467795, 0.43837216, 0.3848784, 0.33862317, 0.5992313, 0.49879825, 0.21382369, 0.4665225, 0.20776376, 0.41195828, 0.77341104, 0.41533098, 0.1488313, 0.29170626, 0.90135145, 0.9490258, 0.5797127, 0.046041798, 0.032213394, 0.9823944, 0.22410004, 0.01474563, 0.54565424, 0.84022516, 0.3146623, 0.60868996, 0.8468924, 0.5047047, 0.44784358, 0.76461, 0.39477462, 0.4341565, 0.04060842, 0.7913311, 0.3800782, 0.76624304, 0.27977547, 0.5467395, 0.7406536, 0.051075574, 0.859247, 0.16734485, 0.55351096, 0.77330744, 0.21997604, 0.6573193, 0.47392654, 0.22703278, 0.21453229, 0.5354482, 0.68723947, 0.3444063, 0.19725236, 0.63618726, 0.20056139, 0.41761643, 0.3148263, 0.0072599854, 0.14207017, 0.96439177, 0.727712, 0.61615413, 0.67021996, 0.73491627, 0.64917046, 0.6545984, 0.6521858, 0.86778504, 0.65002567, 0.65721965, 0.57199746, 0.27476418, 0.5959397, 0.17169125, 0.30866027, 0.6539025, 0.83966345, 0.18539791, 0.64870465, 0.9470506, 0.6794907, 0.75711423, 0.88191146, 0.075844504, 0.9600152, 0.38191438]

相关项目

reverse_image_search

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项目训练营

osschat

  • https://osschat.io/chat,Enhanced ChatGPT with documentation, issues, blog posts, community Q&A as knowledge bases. Built for every community and developer.

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轻松搭建基于Milvus的文本检索系统

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文章来源:https://blog.csdn.net/ResumeProject/article/details/135457543
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