Python基础教程——绘制一个喜羊羊！（完整版，附源码）

喜气洋洋喜羊羊来啦，快来看看我用python实现的喜羊羊吧！

需求

1. 导入turtle模块
2. 创建一个画布
3. 创建一只海龟
4. 控制海龟移动
5. 画出一个喜羊羊

绘图基础
Python的turtle模块是一个绘图工具，专门用于绘制图形和动画。它的命令非常简单，使用起来非常方便，非常适合初学者学习Python绘图。

在turtle模块中，我们可以用Python代码控制一只“海龟”，让它在屏幕上绘制各种图形。通过控制海龟的移动、角度和画笔颜色等属性，我们可以绘制出复杂的图形。

接下来，我们将介绍Python的turtle模块的基本使用方法，让你可以轻松地入门，绘制简单的图形。让我们开始吧！

导入turtle模块

我们可以使用以下代码导入turtle模块：

import turtle

创建一个画布

在使用turtle模块之前，我们需要创建一个画布。我们可以使用以下代码创建一个画布：

turtle.setup(width,height)

其中，width表示画布的宽度，height表示画布的高度。

例如，我们可以使用以下代码创建一个宽度为400像素，高度为300像素的画布：

turtle.setup(400,300)

创建一只海龟

接下来，我们需要创建一只海龟。我们可以使用以下代码创建一只新海龟：

turtle.Turtle()

创建的海龟默认是黑色的，可以使用以下代码改变海龟的颜色：

turtle.color('red')

控制海龟移动

我们可以使用以下代码控制海龟移动：

turtle.forward(distance)

其中，distance表示海龟一次前进的距离。

例如，我们可以使用以下代码让海龟向前移动50个单位：

turtle.forward(50)

我们可以使用以下代码控制海龟向左或向右旋转一定的角度：

turtle.left(angle)
turtle.right(angle)

其中，angle表示旋转的角度。

例如，我们可以使用以下代码让海龟向左旋转90度：

turtle.left(90)

画图
我们可以使用以下代码控制海龟画图：

turtle.penup()
turtle.pendown()

其中，penup表示抬起画笔，pendown表示放下画笔。

我们可以使用以下代码将画笔颜色改为蓝色：

turtle.pencolor('blue')

我们可以使用以下代码改变画笔粗细：

turtle.pensize(size)

其中，size表示画笔的粗细。

完整代码实例

现在，我们来看一个完整的例子。以下代码可以绘制一个正方形：

import turtle
# 创建一个画布
turtle.setup(400,400)
# 创建一只海龟
t = turtle.Turtle()
# 控制海龟画图
t.pencolor('red')
t.pensize(2)
# 绘制正方形t.forward(100)
t.left(90)
t.forward(100)
t.left(90)
t.forward(100)
t.left(90)
t.forward(100)
t.left(90)
t.forward(100)
# 结束绘图
turtle.done()

通过以上代码，我们成功绘制了一个红色的正方形。

画喜羊羊

完整程序

# coding=gbk
import turtle
turtle.setup(1.0, 1.0)
turtle.title("喜羊羊")
turtle.bgcolor("white")
t = turtle.Turtle()
t.screen.delay(0)
t.hideturtle()
def plotLine(points, pencolor=None, width=None, speed=None):
oldpencolor = t.pencolor()
oldwidth = t.width()
oldspeed = t.speed()
if pencolor is not None:
t.pencolor(pencolor)
if width is not None:
t.width(width)
if speed is not None:
t.speed(speed)
t.up()
t.goto(points[0])
t.down()
for point in points[1:]:
t.goto(point)
t.pencolor(oldpencolor)
t.width(oldwidth)
t.speed(oldspeed)
def plotPoly(points, fill=False, pencolor=None, fillcolor=None,
width=None, speed=None):
oldfillcolor = t.fillcolor()
if fillcolor is not None:
t.fillcolor(fillcolor)
points_plotline = list(points) + [points[0]]
if fill:
t.begin_fill()
plotLine(points_plotline, pencolor, width, speed)
t.end_fill()
else:
plotLine(points_plotline, pencolor, width, speed)
t.fillcolor(oldfillcolor)
# 脸部轮廓
points = [
(-146, 130), (-140, 135), (-137, 138), (-135, 142), (-131, 147),
(-127, 152), (-126, 156), (-124, 163), (-131, 161), (-124, 162),
(-119, 164), (-113, 166), (-106, 171), (-102, 175), (-96, 179),
(-100, 189), (-101, 200), (-99, 206), (-96, 215), (-90, 225),
(-96, 215), (-98, 208), (-100, 201), (-100, 191), (-97, 180),
(-92, 172), (-89, 166), (-83, 160), (-76, 156), (-71, 153),
(-63, 151), (-54, 148), (-47, 148), (-39, 148), (-32, 149),
(-26, 152), (-16, 154), (-7, 159), (0, 168), (4, 171),
(8, 181), (11, 188), (13, 194), (11, 202), (8, 210),
(5, 214), (-1, 217), (0, 211), (2, 205), (0, 204),
(-3, 201), (-10, 202), (-16, 205), (-19, 211), (-22, 219),
(-25, 227), (-21, 219), (-20, 213), (-16, 205), (-14, 203),
(-6, 202), (0, 202), (2, 208), (-3, 215), (5, 214),
(9, 208), (10, 202), (13, 196), (12, 194), (20, 191),
(26, 191), (33, 188), (38, 190), (44, 191), (50, 194),
(55, 187), (58, 184), (62, 180), (68, 174), (77, 170),
(87, 168), (94, 169), (94, 161), (94, 153), (95, 148),
(98, 140), (102, 133), (108, 126), (115, 119), (123, 112),
(118, 106), (114, 97), (112, 88), (112, 80), (113, 71),
(115, 64), (120, 57), (112, 52), (106, 46), (102, 38),
(99, 33), (96, 26), (95, 18), (95, 12), (92, 5),
(86, 2), (85, -5), (85, -13), (87, -20), (90, -28),
(96, -35), (99, -36), (93, -38), (84, -42), (75, -46),
(65, -49), (50, -54), (42, -56), (37, -56), (24, -59),
(11, -59), (-1, -60), (-15, -59), (-27, -60), (-39, -59),   
(-52, -56), (-64, -54), (-77, -49), (-89, -45), (-103, -37),    
(-118, -26), (-123, -19), (-130, -12), (-136, -3), (-139, 6),
(-141, 15), (-141, 23), (-141, 36), (-139, 50), (-139, 60),
(-140, 68), (-140, 74), (-141, 81), (-141, 92), (-142, 100),
(-141, 112), (-140, 123), (-138, 134)
]

plotPoly(points, True, pencolor=(0.67, 0.5, 0.22),
width=2, fillcolor=(1, 0.82, 0.71))
# 身子
points = [
(-69, -55), (-68, -59), (-71, -63), (-76, -67), (-77, -76),
(-80, -86), (-80, -92), (-81, -101), (-81, -108), (-84, -116),
(-84, -122), (-81, -132), (-79, -142), (-76, -148), (-74, -153),
(-74, -162), (-72, -169), (-70, -180), (-64, -190), (-58, -196),
(-52, -203), (-46, -212), (-39, -219), (-29, -225), (-17, -225),
(-10, -221), (-2, -220), (7, -222), (16, -224), (26, -225),
(32, -221), (40, -222), (51, -223), (58, -222), (64, -218),
(71, -216), (76, -215), (88, -215), (95, -212), (100, -206),
(105, -198), (106, -197), (110, -193), (118, -189), (123, -182),
(128, -178), (130, -168), (132, -157), (130, -150), (129, -145),
(132, -139), (134, -127), (135, -116), (133, -111), (129, -103),
(128, -97), (126, -89), (120, -85), (116, -78), (107, -70),
(99, -61), (96, -59), (92, -53), (90, -50), (88, -46)
]
plotLine(points, pencolor=(0.67, 0.5, 0.22), width=2)
# 左胳膊
points = [
(134, -117), (139, -120), (139, -123), (141, -132), (142, -139),
(144, -147), (147, -154), (148, -160), (151, -163), (156, -163),
(154, -158), (151, -152), (154, -157), (157, -162), (162, -166),
(168, -169), (171, -164), (169, -161), (166, -158), (158, -148),
(172, -165), (178, -165), (183, -163), (182, -158), (179, -156),
(173, -153), (167, -144), (173, -152), (182, -158), (186, -157),
(189, -153), (189, -148), (183, -143), (183, -136), (182, -131),
(181, -128), (178, -122), (175, -119), (168, -113), (166, -108),
(165, -102), (161, -96), (158, -87), (154, -80), (151, -74),
(147, -69), (143, -63), (134, -54), (125, -47), (116, -38),
(108, -35), (99, -35), (90, -40), (89, -47), (89, -50),
(92, -55), (98, -61), (107, -72), (117, -83), (123, -87),
(126, -94), (129, -103), (132, -111)
]
plotPoly(points, True, pencolor=(0.67, 0.5, 0.22),
width=2, fillcolor=(1, 0.82, 0.71))
# 右胳膊
points = [
(-71, -54), (-79, -62), (-83, -67), (-97, -79), (-104, -87),
(-99, -94), (-92, -101), (-97, -95), (-104, -88), (-114, -82),
(-120, -75), (-125, -72), (-128, -69), (-128, -63), (-132, -58),
(-134, -53), (-133, -45), (-131, -40), (-131, -34), (-142, -33),
(-148, -38), (-150, -45), (-151, -52), (-158, -50), (-163, -50),
(-166, -50), (-169, -56), (-170, -64), (-173, -69), (-174, -75),
(-174, -81), (-174, -86), (-165, -91), (-156, -91), (-152, -94),
(-147, -95), (-141, -100), (-133, -106), (-124, -113), (-116, -118),
(-110, -121), (-103, -123), (-95, -120), (-86, -115), (-80, -107),
(-80, -103), (-80, -97), (-81, -89), (-81, -81), (-77, -73),
(-76, -68), (-71, -63)
]
plotPoly(points, True, pencolor=(0.67, 0.5, 0.22),
width=2, fillcolor=(1, 0.82, 0.71))
points = [
(-151, -52), (-147, -53), (-144, -58), (-144, -64), (-150, -67),
(-165, -64), (-151, -67), (-147, -72), (-147, -76), (-149, -81),
(-166, -80), (-150, -82), (-149, -86), (-151, -90), (-158, -92)
]
plotLine(points, pencolor=(0.67, 0.5, 0.22), width=2)
# 右腿
points = [
(-18, -224), (-17, -252), (-12, -257), (-5, -258), (2, -256),
(9, -252), (6, -224), (2, -220), (0, -218), (-10, -222)
]
plotPoly(points, True, pencolor=(0.67, 0.5, 0.22),
width=2, fillcolor=(1, 0.82, 0.71))
# 左腿
points = [
(54, -222), (55, -254), (59, -259), (64, -261), (70, -261),
(74, -259), (81, -255), (80, -215), (74, -215), (71, -215),
(69, -217), (63, -218)
]
plotPoly(points, True, pencolor=(0.67, 0.5, 0.22),
width=2, fillcolor=(1, 0.82, 0.71))
# 右脚
points = [
(-19, -245), (-31, -245), (-43, -247), (-53, -252), (-61, -256),
(-68, -261), (-73, -267), (-76, -271), (-77, -275), (-79, -283),
(-76, -285), (-72, -288), (-64, -290), (-54, -292), (-45, -294),
(-41, -295), (-36, -295), (-28, -296), (-21, -296), (-15, -294),
(-9, -294), (0, -294), (7, -291), (14, -288), (22, -284),
(24, -280), (24, -273), (22, -265), (18, -257), (15, -253),
(9, -252), (3, -256), (-4, -257), (-12, -256), (-18, -252)
]
plotPoly(points, True, pencolor=(0.67, 0.5, 0.22),
width=2, fillcolor=(0.13, 0.45, 0.68))``points = [
(-58, -254), (-51, -256), (-46, -260), (-39, -268), (-35, -274),
(-32, -282), (-31, -289), (-31, -293), (-38, -292), (-45, -292),
(-54, -292), (-60, -290), (-67, -288), (-73, -285), (-77, -280),
(-75, -272), (-73, -265), (-65, -260)
]
plotPoly(points, True, pencolor=(0.67, 0.5, 0.22),
width=2, fillcolor=(1, 1, 1))
# 左脚
points = [
(54, -255), (48, -256), (46, -258), (41, -264), (35, -271),
(32, -280), (31, -288), (30, -298), (33, -303), (36, -306),
(45, -308), (51, -310), (57, -311), (69, -312), (83, -312),
(89, -312), (99, -311), (105, -310), (110, -308), (115, -304),
(115, -298), (115, -294), (115, -290), (114, -284), (111, -275),
(107, -271), (101, -262), (94, -256), (80, -252), (79, -257),
(73, -260), (67, -261), (60, -260), (56, -257)
]
plotPoly(points, True, pencolor=(0.67, 0.5, 0.22),
width=2, fillcolor=(0.13, 0.45, 0.68))
points = [
(37, -308), (35, -303), (35, -298), (37, -294), (40, -287),
(45, -283), (50, -280), (56, -277), (64, -273), (74, -270),
(80, -271), (86, -274), (92, -275), (99, -281), (105, -286),
(108, -296), (110, -300), (110, -306), (105, -309), (101, -308),
(96, -311), (91, -312), (86, -313), (79, -313), (74, -313),
(70, -313), (68, -313), (62, -313), (58, -314), (55, -312),
(51, -312), (42, -311), (40, -309)
]
plotPoly(points, True, pencolor=(0.67, 0.5, 0.22),
width=2, fillcolor=(1, 1, 1))
# 围巾和铃铛
points = [
(-65, -54), (-58, -63), (-54, -65), (-46, -71), (10, -78),
(20, -76), (29, -76), (41, -72), (52, -68), (63, -61),
(74, -54), (80, -48), (84, -40), (78, -43), (70, -46),
(64, -49), (56, -52), (43, -54), (33, -57), (19, -58),
(8, -59), (-6, -59), (-17, -59), (-31, -59), (-41, -59),
(-48, -57), (-57, -55)
]
plotPoly(points, True, pencolor=(0.67, 0.5, 0.22),
width=2, fillcolor=(0.13, 0.45, 0.68))
t.up()
t.goto(-24, -125)
t.down()
t.color((0.67, 0.5, 0.22), (0.96, 0.73, 0.38))
t.width(2)
t.begin_fill()
t.circle(30)
t.end_fill()
t.up()
t.goto(-33, -94)
t.down()
t.pencolor((0.36, 0.26, 0.18))
t.dot(20)
# 头轮廓
points = [
(-123, -25), (-129, -23), (-134, -21), (-142, -19), (-145, -15),
(-150, -10), (-155, 0), (-157, 7), (-158, 15), (-163, 17),
(-168, 23), (-171, 28), (-175, 37), (-177, 45), (-178, 50),
(-178, 57), (-179, 66), (-178, 72), (-180, 77), (-183, 81),
(-186, 86), (-190, 94), (-190, 102), (-189, 109), (-189, 115),
(-189, 123), (-186, 129), (-188, 138), (-191, 146), (-192, 154),
(-192, 160), (-192, 167), (-187, 176), (-185, 183), (-180, 194),
(-174, 200), (-167, 204), (-160, 212), (-160, 221), (-157, 232),
(-155, 239), (-150, 243), (-144, 251), (-139, 256), (-133, 259),
(-126, 261), (-120, 271), (-117, 278), (-114, 282), (-106, 291),
(-101, 296), (-93, 301), (-85, 304), (-77, 305), (-70, 307),
(-62, 308), (-57, 308), (-53, 307), (-44, 305), (-40, 305),
(-35, 309), (-29, 313), (-22, 317), (-13, 320), (-8, 323),
(-2, 323), (7, 324), (17, 323), (26, 319), (30, 319),
(34, 318), (40, 316), (46, 314), (52, 312), (58, 313),
(69, 315), (75, 315), (81, 315), (93, 313), (103, 313),
(111, 310), (118, 305), (127, 296), (133, 285), (144, 283),
(153, 281), (198, 239), (206, 232), (211, 227), (216, 221),
(220, 217), (224, 210), (227, 202), (229, 191), (229, 186),
(231, 178), (232, 167), (235, 162), (241, 152), (245, 140),
(247, 134), (248, 125), (246, 119), (244, 113), (243, 108),
(238, 101), (237, 96), (237, 89), (241, 84), (240, 78),
(240, 73), (238, 63), (237, 57), (234, 47), (228, 41),
(223, 30), (220, 27), (212, 25), (204, 19), (204, 11),
(201, 6), (199, -5), (190, -13), (185, -17), (181, -20),
(175, -24), (161, -27), (154, -27), (147, -30), (142, -32),
(134, -34), (124, -37), (116, -38)
]
plotLine(points, pencolor=(0.67, 0.5, 0.22), width=2)
# 左耳朵
points = [
(173, 192), (179, 195), (184, 196), (190, 195), (197, 195),
(200, 193), (206, 190), (214, 183), (217, 179), (222, 173),
(224, 169), (226, 164), (231, 160), (235, 155), (241, 152),
(239, 148), (235, 148), (234, 146), (230, 142), (225, 142),
(221, 140), (211, 139), (206, 140), (200, 141), (193, 143),
(187, 142), (182, 146), (176, 152), (169, 157), (169, 163),
(167, 168), (167, 174), (167, 182), (172, 187)
]
plotPoly(points, True, pencolor=(0.67, 0.5, 0.22),
width=2, fillcolor=(1, 0.82, 0.71))
# 右耳朵
points = [
(-195, 159), (-197, 156), (-200, 153), (-204, 151), (-206, 149),
(-208, 146), (-205, 143), (-201, 139), (-193, 135), (-189, 135),
(-192, 143), (-192, 148), (-192, 155)
]
plotPoly(points, True, pencolor=(0.67, 0.5, 0.22),
width=2, fillcolor=(1, 0.82, 0.71))
# 左角
points = [
(130, 269), (139, 268), (142, 273), (144, 277), (151, 281),
(155, 286), (161, 289), (171, 294), (175, 296), (184, 300),
(194, 302), (200, 303), (212, 303), (219, 303), (227, 301),
(234, 297), (239, 291), (239, 283), (235, 279), (231, 273),
(227, 267), (221, 264), (216, 261), (213, 257), (210, 255),
(206, 251), (203, 245), (196, 238), (192, 233), (188, 228),
(186, 227), (191, 220), (186, 224), (182, 223), (177, 223),
(175, 227), (175, 230), (173, 235), (170, 240), (164, 243),
(158, 242), (154, 243), (152, 249), (152, 254), (148, 260),
(142, 265), (139, 270)
]
plotPoly(points, True, pencolor=(0.67, 0.5, 0.22),
width=2, fillcolor=(0.52, 0.38, 0.29))
# 右角
points = [
(-118, 276), (-127, 280), (-133, 282), (-142, 285), (-150, 288),
(-156, 288), (-164, 289), (-167, 289), (-174, 289), (-178, 288),
(-184, 284), (-186, 278), (-186, 271), (-183, 266), (-178, 259),
(-172, 253), (-168, 249), (-162, 243), (-158, 237), (-158, 233),
(-154, 237), (-149, 244), (-143, 249), (-137, 254), (-133, 257),
(-126, 260), (-126, 263), (-124, 268), (-121, 271)
]
plotPoly(points, True, pencolor=(0.67, 0.5, 0.22),
width=2, fillcolor=(0.52, 0.38, 0.29))
# 左眼睛
t.color((0.67, 0.5, 0.22), (1, 1, 1))
t.width(2)
t.up()
t.goto(-94, 40)
t.down()
t.begin_fill()
t.circle(40)
t.end_fill()
t.pencolor((0.1, 0.1, 0.1))
t.up()
t.goto(-93, 78)
t.down()
t.dot(50)
t.pencolor((1, 1, 1))
t.up()
t.goto((-100, 86))
t.down()
t.dot(20)
# 右眼睛
t.color((0.67, 0.5, 0.22), (1, 1, 1))
t.width(2)
t.up()
t.goto(30, 44)
t.down()
t.begin_fill()
t.circle(40)
t.end_fill()
t.pencolor((0.1, 0.1, 0.1))
t.up()
t.goto(32, 81)
t.down()
t.dot(50)
t.pencolor((1, 1, 1))
t.up()
t.goto((23, 93))
t.down()
t.dot(19)
# 右眉毛
points = [
(-122, 145), (-120, 148), (-115, 151), (-111, 152), (-104, 154),
(-99, 155), (-90, 154), (-83, 152), (-79, 148), (-75, 144),
(-78, 146), (-84, 146), (-90, 147), (-97, 148), (-103, 148),
(-108, 147), (-113, 145), (-117, 144)
]
plotPoly(points, True, pencolor=(0.35, 0.11, 0.21),
width=2, fillcolor=(0.35, 0.11, 0.21))
# 左眉毛
points = [
(-2, 154), (4, 158), (10, 160), (17, 161), (20, 162),
(27, 163), (32, 163), (39, 160), (47, 160), (53, 157),
(60, 153), (53, 153), (44, 154), (35, 154), (27, 154),
(22, 155), (16, 154), (9, 155)
]
plotPoly(points, True, pencolor=(0.35, 0.11, 0.21),
width=2, fillcolor=(0.35, 0.11, 0.21))
# 鼻子
points = [
(-56, 44), (-50, 44), (-42, 44), (-35, 40), (-28, 35),
(-25, 30), (-26, 23), (-31, 19), (-38, 16), (-45, 14),
(-50, 13), (-60, 14), (-68, 16), (-73, 22), (-74, 28),
(-72, 32), (-68, 37), (-61, 42)
]
plotPoly(points, True, pencolor=(0.2, 0.14, 0.11),
fillcolor=(0.2, 0.14, 0.11), width=2)
t.pencolor((1, 1, 1))
t.up()
t.goto((-64, 32))
t.down()
t.dot(15)
# 嘴巴
points = [
(-49, -20), (-45, -23), (-41, -25), (-34, -27), (-29, -28),
(-23, -29), (-15, -28), (-7, -25), (-4, -22), (2, -17),
(7, -11)
]
plotLine(points, pencolor=(0.2, 0.14, 0.11), width=2)
turtle.mainloop()

运行结果

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