VSCode配置C/C++环境

本文主要记录在VSCode中配置C++环境，非常感谢参考文章中的博主。

1. 安装配置 C++ 编译器

首先需要安装 C++ 编译器。在 Windows 上，可以安装 MinGW 或者 Visual Studio；在 MacOS 上，可以安装 Clang 或者 Xcode；在 Linux 上，可以安装 GCC。本篇文章将介绍在 Windows系统中配置MinGW 。

1.1 下载 MinGW

官方下载：https://www.mingw-w64.org/downloads/
sourceforge下载：https://sourceforge.net/projects/mingw-w64/files/
（1）进入 sourceforge 网页，点击 x86_64-win32-seh 进行下载：

也可以点击这个链接直接安装MinGW.exe：https://nuwen.net/mingw.html

1.2 Mingw添加到系统变量

解压该压缩包（x86_64-8.1.0-release-win32-seh-rt_v6-rev0.7z），然后打开文件夹，找到MinGW -> bin，复制bin文件夹的路径。
接着，点击此电脑->属性->高级系统设置->环境变量->系统变量->path->新建->复制MinGW中的bin文件夹路径->点击确定。

1.3 验证

验证MingGW是否配置成功，按Win+R，输入cmd，在控制台中输入g++ --version
。如图所示，表示配置成功。

2. 安装和配置VSCode

2.1 安装VSCode

进入VSCode官网，下载win版本，然后安装。

2.2 VSCode配置C++环境

搜索插件 C/C++，点击 Install 下载

VSCode中新建文件夹和1个c文件

这个时候，已经可以执行代码，会自动生成.vscode文件夹，里面是配置文件。

此时，.vscode文件夹中只有一个tasks.json，在其他博客中能看到，还需要在该文件夹手动新建 c_cpp_properties.json、launch.json、settings.json。
C++：项目文件树

• .vscode：VSCode 配置文件
  • c_cpp_properties.json、launch.json、tasks.json
• Code：代码文件
  • build：收纳 .exe 可执行文件

复制以下内容到三个文件内
注意：需要手动修改有注释内容那一行的目录

1、c_cpp_properties.json

{
    "configurations": [
      {
        "name": "Win64",
        "includePath": ["${workspaceFolder}/**"],
        "defines": ["_DEBUG", "UNICODE", "_UNICODE"],
        "windowsSdkVersion": "10.0.18362.0",
        "compilerPath": "D:\\software_package\\MinGW-win32\\mingw64\\bin\\g++.exe",
        "cStandard": "c17",
        "cppStandard": "c++17",
        "intelliSenseMode": "gcc-x64"
      }
    ],
    "version": 4
  }

2、 launch.json

{
    "version": "0.2.0",
    "configurations": [
        {
            "name": "g++.exe build and debug active file",
            "type": "cppdbg",
            "request": "launch",
            "program": "${fileDirname}\\${fileBasenameNoExtension}.exe",
            "args": [],
            "stopAtEntry": false,
            "cwd": "${workspaceFolder}",
            "environment": [],
            "externalConsole": true,
            "MIMode": "gdb",
            "miDebuggerPath": "D:\\software_package\\MinGW-win32\\mingw64\\bin\\gdb.exe",
            "setupCommands": [
                {
                    "description": "为 gdb 启用整齐打印",
                    "text": "-enable-pretty-printing",
                    "ignoreFailures": true
                }
            ],
            "preLaunchTask": "task g++"
        },
        {
            "name": "C/C++: g++.exe build and debug active file",
            "type": "cppdbg",
            "request": "launch",
            "program": "${fileDirname}\\${fileBasenameNoExtension}.exe",
            "args": [],
            "stopAtEntry": false,
            "cwd": "${fileDirname}",
            "environment": [],
            "externalConsole": false,
            "MIMode": "gdb",
            "miDebuggerPath": "D:\\software_package\\MinGW-win32\\mingw64\\bin\\gdb.exe",
            "setupCommands": [
                {
                    "description": "Enable pretty-printing for gdb",
                    "text": "-enable-pretty-printing",
                    "ignoreFailures": true
                },
                {
                    "description": "Set Disassembly Flavor to Intel",
                    "text": "-gdb-set disassembly-flavor intel",
                    "ignoreFailures": true
                }
            ],
            "preLaunchTask": "C/C++: gcc.exe build active file"
        }
    ]
}

3、settings.json

{
    "files.associations": {
      "*.py": "python",
      "iostream": "cpp",
      "*.tcc": "cpp",
      "string": "cpp",
      "unordered_map": "cpp",
      "vector": "cpp",
      "ostream": "cpp",
      "new": "cpp",
      "typeinfo": "cpp",
      "deque": "cpp",
      "initializer_list": "cpp",
      "iosfwd": "cpp",
      "fstream": "cpp",
      "sstream": "cpp",
      "map": "c",
      "stdio.h": "c",
      "algorithm": "cpp",
      "atomic": "cpp",
      "bit": "cpp",
      "cctype": "cpp",
      "clocale": "cpp",
      "cmath": "cpp",
      "compare": "cpp",
      "concepts": "cpp",
      "cstddef": "cpp",
      "cstdint": "cpp",
      "cstdio": "cpp",
      "cstdlib": "cpp",
      "cstring": "cpp",
      "ctime": "cpp",
      "cwchar": "cpp",
      "exception": "cpp",
      "ios": "cpp",
      "istream": "cpp",
      "iterator": "cpp",
      "limits": "cpp",
      "memory": "cpp",
      "random": "cpp",
      "set": "cpp",
      "stack": "cpp",
      "stdexcept": "cpp",
      "streambuf": "cpp",
      "system_error": "cpp",
      "tuple": "cpp",
      "type_traits": "cpp",
      "utility": "cpp",
      "xfacet": "cpp",
      "xiosbase": "cpp",
      "xlocale": "cpp",
      "xlocinfo": "cpp",
      "xlocnum": "cpp",
      "xmemory": "cpp",
      "xstddef": "cpp",
      "xstring": "cpp",
      "xtr1common": "cpp",
      "xtree": "cpp",
      "xutility": "cpp",
      "stdlib.h": "c",
      "string.h": "c"
    },
    "editor.suggest.snippetsPreventQuickSuggestions": false,
    "aiXcoder.showTrayIcon": true
  }

4、tasks.json

{
    "version": "2.0.0",
    "tasks": [
        {
        "type": "shell",
        "label": "task g++",
        "command": "D:\\software_package\\MinGW-win32\\mingw64\\bin\\g++.exe",	/*修改成自己bin目录下的g++.exe，这里的路径和电脑里复制的文件目录有一点不一样，这里是两个反斜杠\\*/
        "args": [
            "-g",
            "${file}",
            "-o",
            "${fileDirname}\\${fileBasenameNoExtension}.exe",
            "-I",
            "D://Pytorch_CodeHub//C_and_C++//GNC-Tutorial",      /*修改成自己放c/c++项目的文件夹，这里的路径和电脑里复制的文件目录有一点不一样，这里是两个反斜杠\\*/
            "-std=c++17"
        ],
        "options": {
            "cwd": "D:\\software_package\\MinGW-win32\\mingw64\\bin"	/*修改成自己bin目录，这里的路径和电脑里复制的文件目录有一点不一样，这里是两个反斜杠\\*/
        },
        "problemMatcher":[
            "$gcc"
        ],
        "group": "build",
        
        }
    ]
}

2.3. 优化

为了更加方便的使用 VSCode 来编写 C++ 代码，将对其进行一些优化，实现以下功能：

1. 打印结果弹窗显示
   

2. 解决中文乱码问题
   打开.vscode 文件夹下的 tasks.json 文件，找到 “${fileDirname}\${fileBasenameNoExtension}.exe” 在后面加上英文 逗号 然后回车到下一行，粘贴下面文本 “-fexec-charset=GBK” 并保存
   

3.参考文章

[1] vscode配置C/C++环境（超详细保姆级教学）
[2] VsCode安装和配置C++环境详细全流程
[3] VSCode 配置 C++ 环境
[4] VScode中配置C语言/C++运行环境