Spring之单元测试

Spring提供了一个运行器，可以读取配置文件（或注解）来创建容器。

1 整合Junit5

1.1 引入依赖

<dependencies>
    <!--spring context依赖-->
    <!--当你引入Spring Context依赖之后，表示将Spring的基础依赖引入了-->
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>
        <version>6.1.1</version>
    </dependency>

    <!--spring对junit的支持相关依赖-->
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-test</artifactId>
        <version>6.1.1</version>
    </dependency>

    <!--junit5测试-->
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.junit.jupiter</groupId>
        <artifactId>junit-jupiter-api</artifactId>
        <version>5.9.0</version>
    </dependency>

    <!--log4j2的依赖-->
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.apache.logging.log4j</groupId>
        <artifactId>log4j-core</artifactId>
        <version>2.19.0</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.apache.logging.log4j</groupId>
        <artifactId>log4j-slf4j2-impl</artifactId>
        <version>2.19.0</version>
    </dependency>
</dependencies>

1.2 配置扫描

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
       xsi:schemaLocation="
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd">
    
    <context:component-scan base-package="com.giser.spring6" />

</beans>

1.3 基础实体

package com.giser.spring6.junit5;

import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;

/**
 * @author giserDev
 * @description
 * @date 2024-01-07 19:37:52
 */
@Component
public class User {
    public User() {
        System.out.println("run user");
    }
}

1.4 测试

package com.giser.spring6.junit5;

import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.test.context.junit.jupiter.SpringJUnitConfig;

/**
 * @author giserDev
 * @description
 * @date 2024-01-07 19:41:24
 */
// 方式二
//@ExtendWith(SpringExtension.class)
//@ContextConfiguration("classpath:spring-bean.xml")
// 方式一 推荐
@SpringJUnitConfig(locations = "classpath:spring-bean.xml")
public class SpringJunit5Test {

    @Autowired
    private User user;

    @Test
    public void testUser(){
        System.out.println(user);
    }

}

2 整合Junit4

2.1 引入依赖

<!-- junit测试 -->
<dependency>
    <groupId>junit</groupId>
    <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
    <version>4.12</version>
</dependency>

2.2 实体

package com.giser.spring6.junit4;

import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;

/**
 * @author giserDev
 * @description
 * @date 2024-01-07 19:37:52
 */
@Component
public class Junit4User {
    public Junit4User() {
        System.out.println("run junit4User");
    }
}

2.3 测试

package com.giser.spring6.junit4;

import org.junit.Test;
import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.test.context.ContextConfiguration;
import org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner;

/**
 * @author giserDev
 * @description
 * @date 2024-01-07 19:41:24
 */
@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
@ContextConfiguration("classpath:spring-bean.xml")
public class SpringJunit4Test {

    @Autowired
    private Junit4User junit4User;

    @Test
    public void testUser(){
        System.out.println(junit4User);
    }

}