为什么使用缓存?
首次访问时,查询数据库,并将数据存储到内存中;再次访问时直接访问缓存,减少IO、硬盘读写次数、提高效率
Mybatis中的一级缓存和二级缓存?
一级缓存:
它指的是mybatis中的SqlSession对象的缓存。当我们执行完查询之后,查询的结果会同时存在在SqlSession为我们提供的一块区域中。当我们再次查询同样的数据,mybatis会先去SqlSession中查询是否有,有的话直接拿出来使用。当SqlSession对象消失时,Mybatis的一级缓存也就消失了。
二级缓存:
它指的是Mybatis中SqlSessionFactory对象的缓存,由同一个SqlSessioFactory对象创建的SqlSession共享其缓存。
项目结构
User类
public class User implements Serializable {
private Integer id;
private String username;
private Date birthday;
private String password;
private String sex;
private String address;
@Override
public String toString() {
return "User{" +
"id=" + id +
", username='" + username + '\'' +
", birthday=" + birthday +
", password='" + password + '\'' +
", sex='" + sex + '\'' +
", address='" + address + '\'' +
", accountList=" + accountList +
'}';
}
public String getPassword() {
return password;
}
public void setPassword(String password) {
this.password = password;
}
private List<Account> accountList;
public List<Account> getAccountList() {
return accountList;
}
public void setAccountList(List<Account> accountList) {
this.accountList = accountList;
}
public Integer getId() {
return id;
}
public void setId(Integer id) {
this.id = id;
}
public String getUsername() {
return username;
}
public void setUsername(String username) {
this.username = username;
}
public Date getBirthday() {
return birthday;
}
public void setBirthday(Date birthday) {
this.birthday = birthday;
}
public String getSex() {
return sex;
}
public void setSex(String sex) {
this.sex = sex;
}
public String getAddress() {
return address;
}
public void setAddress(String address) {
this.address = address;
}
}
一级缓存是SqlSession范围的缓存,当调用SqlSession的commit(),close()等方法时,就会清空一级缓存。
一级缓存结构图:
第一次发起查询用户id为 1 的用户信息,先去找缓存中是否有id为 1 的用户信息,如果没有,从数据库查询用户信息。 得到用户信息,将用户信息存储到一级缓存中。
如果sqlSession去执行 commit操作(执行插入、更新、删除),清空 SqlSession 中的一级缓存,这样做的目的为了让缓存中存储的是最新的信息,避免脏读。
第二次发起查询用户id为1的用户信息,先去找缓存中是否有id为1的用户信息,缓存中有,直接从缓存中获取用户信息。
在UserDao接口中
public interface UserDao {
//根据id查询用户信息
public User findUserById(Integer id);
void deleteUserById(Integer id);
}
在UserDao.xml文件中
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE mapper
PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN"
"http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd">
<mapper namespace="com.by.dao.UserDao">
<select id="findUserById" resultType="User" parameterType="int">
select * from user where id=#{id}
</select>
</mapper>
在测试类
public class MyBatisTset {
private SqlSession sqlSession;
private InputStream inputStream;
private SqlSessionFactory sqlSessionFactory;
@Before
public void init() throws IOException {
//加载配置文件
String resource = "mybatis-config.xml";
inputStream = Resources.getResourceAsStream(resource);
//创建SessionFactory
sqlSessionFactory= new SqlSessionFactoryBuilder().build(inputStream);
//使用数据的会话实例
sqlSession = sqlSessionFactory.openSession();
}
//一级缓存读取缓存sql(同一个sqlsession)
@Test
public void testGoCache1(){
UserDao userDao = sqlSession.getMapper(UserDao.class);
System.out.println("================第一次查询================");
User userById1 = userDao.findUserById(41);
System.out.println(userById1);
System.out.println("================第二次查询================");
UserDao userDao2 = sqlSession.getMapper(UserDao.class);
User userById2 = userDao2.findUserById(41);
System.out.println(userById2);
}
//一级缓存不读取缓存sql(不同一个sqlsession)
@Test
public void testNoGoCache(){
//SqlSession sqlSession = sessionFactory.openSession();
SqlSession sqlSession1 =sqlSessionFactory.openSession();
SqlSession sqlSession2 =sqlSessionFactory.openSession();
//拥有不同的sqlsession
UserDao UserDao1 = sqlSession1.getMapper(UserDao.class);
UserDao UserDao2 = sqlSession2.getMapper(UserDao.class);
System.out.println("================第一次查询================");
User userById1 = UserDao1.findUserById(41);
System.out.println(userById1);
System.out.println("================第二次查询================");
User userById2 = UserDao2.findUserById(41);
System.out.println(userById2);
}
//一级缓存不读取缓存sql(同一个sqlsession,执行CRUD操作)
@Test
public void testNoGoCache2(){
//SqlSession sqlSession = sessionFactory.openSession();
//拥有同一个sqlsession
UserDao UserDao1 = sqlSession.getMapper(UserDao.class);
UserDao UserDao2 = sqlSession.getMapper(UserDao.class);
System.out.println("=============第一次查询============");
User user1 = UserDao1.findUserById(41); //执行查询
System.out.println(user1);
System.out.println("=============两次查询之间执行增删改=============");
UserDao1.deleteUserById(1);
sqlSession.commit();
System.out.println("=============第二次查询============");
User user2 = UserDao2.findUserById(41);//执行查询
System.out.println(user2);
}
@After
public void close() throws IOException {
sqlSession.close();
inputStream.close();
}
}
一级缓存读取缓存sql(同一个sqlsession)
一级缓存不读取缓存sql(不同一个sqlsession)
一级缓存不读取缓存sql(同一个sqlsession,执行CRUD操作)
二级缓存是mapper映射级别的缓存,多个SqlSession去操作同一个Mapper映射的sql语句,多个SqlSession可以共用二级缓存,二级缓存是跨SqlSession的。
二级缓存结构图:
UserDao和UserDao.xml同上
测试类
public class MybatisSecondCache {
private SqlSession sqlSession;
private InputStream inputStream;
private SqlSessionFactory sqlSessionFactory;
@Before
public void init() throws IOException {
//加载配置文件
String resource = "mybatis-config.xml";
inputStream = Resources.getResourceAsStream(resource);
//创建SessionFactory
sqlSessionFactory= new SqlSessionFactoryBuilder().build(inputStream);
//使用数据的会话实例
sqlSession = sqlSessionFactory.openSession();
}
//二级缓存不执行sql
@Test
public void testGoCache(){
SqlSession sqlSession1 = sqlSessionFactory.openSession();
SqlSession sqlSession2 = sqlSessionFactory.openSession();
//拥有相同的sqlSessionFactrory
UserDao UserDao1 = sqlSession1.getMapper(UserDao.class);
UserDao UserDao2 = sqlSession2.getMapper(UserDao.class);
System.out.println("=============第一次查询============");
User user1 = UserDao1.findUserById(41); //执行sql
System.out.println(user1);
sqlSession1.commit(); //第一次查询session执行commit或close,才会把数据写到二级缓存
System.out.println("=============第二次查询============");
User user2 = UserDao2.findUserById(41);//执行sql?不执行sql
System.out.println(user2);
}
//二级缓存执行sql(不同的sqlSessionFactrory)
@Test
public void testNoGoCache() throws IOException {
//加载mybatis-config.xml
String resource = "mybatis-config.xml";
InputStream inputStream1 = Resources.getResourceAsStream(resource);
SqlSessionFactory sessionFactory1 = new SqlSessionFactoryBuilder().build(inputStream1);
InputStream inputStream2 = Resources.getResourceAsStream(resource);
SqlSessionFactory sessionFactory2 = new SqlSessionFactoryBuilder().build(inputStream2);
SqlSession sqlSession1 = sessionFactory1.openSession();
SqlSession sqlSession2 = sessionFactory2.openSession();
//拥有不相同的sqlSessionFactrory
UserDao userMapper1 = sqlSession1.getMapper(UserDao.class);
UserDao userMapper2 = sqlSession2.getMapper(UserDao.class);
System.out.println("=============第一次查询============");
User user1 = userMapper1.findUserById(41); //执行sql
System.out.println(user1);
sqlSession1.commit(); //第一次查询session执行commit或close,才会把数据写到二级缓存
System.out.println("=============第二次查询============");
User user2 = userMapper2.findUserById(41);//执行sql?执行sql
System.out.println(user2);
}
//二级缓存执行sql(相同的sqlSessionFactrory)
@Test
public void testNoGoCache2(){
SqlSession sqlSession1 = sqlSessionFactory.openSession();
SqlSession sqlSession2 = sqlSessionFactory.openSession();
//拥有相同的sqlSessionFactrory
UserDao userMapper1 = sqlSession1.getMapper(UserDao.class);
UserDao userMapper2 = sqlSession2.getMapper(UserDao.class);
System.out.println("=============第一次查询============");
User user1 = userMapper1.findUserById(41); //执行sql
System.out.println(user1);
sqlSession1.commit(); //第一次查询session执行commit或close,才会把数据写到二级缓存
System.out.println("=============两次查询之间执行增删改查=============");
userMapper1.deleteUserById(1);
sqlSession1.commit();
System.out.println("=============第二次查询============");
User user2 = userMapper2.findUserById(41);//执行sql?执行sql
System.out.println(user2);
}
@After
public void close() throws IOException {
sqlSession.close();
inputStream.close();
}
}
二级缓存不执行sql
二级缓存执行sql(不同的sqlSessionFactrory)
二级缓存执行sql(相同的sqlSessionFactrory)