关于Python基础阶段练习阶段（1）

一阶段一：01-20

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Question 1
Level 1

Question:
Write a program which will find all such numbers which are divisible by 7 but are not a multiple of 5,
between 2000 and 3200 (both included).
The numbers obtained should be printed in a comma-separated sequence on a single line.

Hints:
Consider use range(#begin, #end) method

Solution:
l=[]
for i in range(2000, 3201):
if (i%7==0) and (i%5!=0):
l.append(str(i))

print ‘,’.join(l)
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Question 1—analyse:定义一个列表，使用range函数随机数，调用append方法拓展列表，使用join函数进行插入字符;
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Question 2
Level 1

Question:
Write a program which can compute the factorial of a given numbers.
The results should be printed in a comma-separated sequence on a single line.
Suppose the following input is supplied to the program:
8
Then, the output should be:
40320

Hints:
In case of input data being supplied to the question, it should be assumed to be a console input.

Solution:
def fact(x):
if x == 0:
return 1
return x * fact(x - 1)

x=int(raw_input())
print fact(x)
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Question 2—analyse:定义一个自定义函数，使用递归用法;
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Question 3
Level 1

Question:
With a given integral number n, write a program to generate a dictionary that contains (i, i*i) such that is an integral number between 1 and n (both included). and then the program should print the dictionary.
Suppose the following input is supplied to the program:
8
Then, the output should be:
{1: 1, 2: 4, 3: 9, 4: 16, 5: 25, 6: 36, 7: 49, 8: 64}

Hints:
In case of input data being supplied to the question, it should be assumed to be a console input.
Consider use dict()

Solution:
n=int(raw_input())
d=dict()
for i in range(1,n+1):
d[i]=i*i

print d
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Question 3—analyse:定义字典;
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Question 4
Level 1

Question:
Write a program which accepts a sequence of comma-separated numbers from console and generate a list and a tuple which contains every number.
Suppose the following input is supplied to the program:
34,67,55,33,12,98
Then, the output should be:
[‘34’, ‘67’, ‘55’, ‘33’, ‘12’, ‘98’]
(‘34’, ‘67’, ‘55’, ‘33’, ‘12’, ‘98’)

Hints:
In case of input data being supplied to the question, it should be assumed to be a console input.
tuple() method can convert list to tuple

Solution:
values=raw_input()
l=values.split(“,”)
t=tuple(l)
print l
print t
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Question 4—analyse:列表转元组函数tuple;
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Question 5
Level 1

Question:
Define a class which has at least two methods:
getString: to get a string from console input
printString: to print the string in upper case.
Also please include simple test function to test the class methods.

Hints:
Use init method to construct some parameters

Solution:
class InputOutString(object):
def init(self):
self.s = “”

def getString(self):
    self.s = input("shuru:")

def printString(self):
    print (self.s)

strObj = InputOutString()
strObj.getString()
strObj.printString()
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Question5：定义函数结构组成；
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Question 6
Level 2

Question:
Write a program that calculates and prints the value according to the given formula:
Q = Square root of [(2 * C * D)/H]
Following are the fixed values of C and H:
C is 50. H is 30.
D is the variable whose values should be input to your program in a comma-separated sequence.
Example
Let us assume the following comma separated input sequence is given to the program:
100,150,180
The output of the program should be:
18,22,24

Hints:
If the output received is in decimal form, it should be rounded off to its nearest value (for example, if the output received is 26.0, it should be printed as 26)
In case of input data being supplied to the question, it should be assumed to be a console input.

Solution:
#!/usr/bin/env python
import math
c=50
h=30
value = []
items=[x for x in raw_input().split(‘,’)]
#items=[x for x in input(“ss:”).split(‘,’)]

for d in items:
value.append(str(int(round(math.sqrt(2cfloat(d)/h)))))

print ‘,’.join(value)
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Question 6:数学函数的调用理解
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Question 7
Level 2

Question:
Write a program which takes 2 digits, X,Y as input and generates a 2-dimensional array. The element value in the i-th row and j-th column of the array should be i*j.
Note: i=0,1…, X-1; j=0,1,?-Y-1.
Example
Suppose the following inputs are given to the program:
3,5
Then, the output of the program should be:
[[0, 0, 0, 0, 0], [0, 1, 2, 3, 4], [0, 2, 4, 6, 8]]

Hints:
Note: In case of input data being supplied to the question, it should be assumed to be a console input in a comma-separated form.

Solution:
input_str = raw_input()
dimensions=[int(x) for x in input_str.split(‘,’)]
rowNum=dimensions[0]
colNum=dimensions[1]
multilist = [[0 for col in range(colNum)] for row in range(rowNum)]
print (multilist)
for row in range(rowNum):
for col in range(colNum):
multilist[row][col]= row*col

print multilist
#print (multilist)
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Question 7:数学二位数组创建赋值
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Question 8
Level 2

Question:
Write a program that accepts a comma separated sequence of words as input and prints the words in a comma-separated sequence after sorting them alphabetically.
Suppose the following input is supplied to the program:
without,hello,bag,world
Then, the output should be:
bag,hello,without,world

Hints:
In case of input data being supplied to the question, it should be assumed to be a console input.

Solution:
items=[x for x in raw_input().split(‘,’)]
print(items)
items.sort()
print (‘,’.join(items))
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Question 8：列表的排序（按字母的先后）
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Question 9
Level 2

Question￡o
Write a program that accepts sequence of lines as input and prints the lines after making all characters in the sentence capitalized.
Suppose the following input is supplied to the program:
Hello world
Practice makes perfect
Then, the output should be:
HELLO WORLD
PRACTICE MAKES PERFECT

Hints:
In case of input data being supplied to the question, it should be assumed to be a console input.

Solution:
lines = []
while True:
s = raw_input()
if s:
lines.append(s.upper())
else:
break;

for sentence in lines:
print (sentence)
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Question 9:列表存储数据，大小写转换函数
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Question 10
Level 2

Question:
Write a program that accepts a sequence of whitespace separated words as input and prints the words after removing all duplicate words and sorting them alphanumerically.
Suppose the following input is supplied to the program:
hello world and practice makes perfect and hello world again
Then, the output should be:
again and hello makes perfect practice world

Hints:
In case of input data being supplied to the question, it should be assumed to be a console input.
We use set container to remove duplicated data automatically and then use sorted() to sort the data.

Solution:
s = raw_input()
words = [word for word in s.split(" ")]
print " ".join(sorted(list(set(words))))
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Question 10:字符串的去重和排序
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Question 11
Level 2

Question:
Write a program which accepts a sequence of comma separated 4 digit binary numbers as its input and then check whether they are divisible by 5 or not. The numbers that are divisible by 5 are to be printed in a comma separated sequence.
Example:
0100,0011,1010,1001
Then the output should be:
1010
Notes: Assume the data is input by console.

Hints:
In case of input data being supplied to the question, it should be assumed to be a console input.

Solution:
value = []
items=[x for x in raw_input().split(‘,’)]
for p in items:
intp = int(p, 2)
if not intp%5:
value.append§

print ‘,’.join(value)
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Question 11:int函数数字进制转换
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Question 12
Level 2

Question:
Write a program, which will find all such numbers between 1000 and 3000 (both included) such that each digit of the number is an even number.
The numbers obtained should be printed in a comma-separated sequence on a single line.

Hints:
In case of input data being supplied to the question, it should be assumed to be a console input.

Solution:
values = []
for i in range(1000, 3001):
s = str(i)
if (int(s[0])%20) and (int(s[1])%20) and (int(s[2])%20) and (int(s[3])%20):
values.append(s)
print “,”.join(values)
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Question 12：range不包括后位
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Question 13
Level 2

Question:
Write a program that accepts a sentence and calculate the number of letters and digits.
Suppose the following input is supplied to the program:
hello world! 123
Then, the output should be:
LETTERS 10
DIGITS 3

Hints:
In case of input data being supplied to the question, it should be assumed to be a console input.

Solution:
s = raw_input()
d={“DIGITS”:0, “LETTERS”:0}
for c in s:
if c.isdigit():
d[“DIGITS”]+=1
elif c.isalpha():
d[“LETTERS”]+=1
else:
pass
print “LETTERS”, d[“LETTERS”]
print “DIGITS”, d[“DIGITS”]
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Question 13：type判断函数
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Question 14
Level 2

Question:
Write a program that accepts a sentence and calculate the number of upper case letters and lower case letters.
Suppose the following input is supplied to the program:
Hello world!
Then, the output should be:
UPPER CASE 1
LOWER CASE 9

Hints:
In case of input data being supplied to the question, it should be assumed to be a console input.

Solution:
s = raw_input()
d={“UPPER CASE”:0, “LOWER CASE”:0}
for c in s:
if c.isupper():
d[“UPPER CASE”]+=1
elif c.islower():
d[“LOWER CASE”]+=1
else:
pass
print “UPPER CASE”, d[“UPPER CASE”]
print “LOWER CASE”, d[“LOWER CASE”]
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Question 14:大小写判断函数
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Question 15
Level 2

Question:
Write a program that computes the value of a+aa+aaa+aaaa with a given digit as the value of a.
Suppose the following input is supplied to the program:
9
Then, the output should be:
11106

Hints:
In case of input data being supplied to the question, it should be assumed to be a console input.

Solution:
a = raw_input()
n1 = int( “%s” % a )
n2 = int( “%s%s” % (a,a) )
n3 = int( “%s%s%s” % (a,a,a) )
n4 = int( “%s%s%s%s” % (a,a,a,a) )
print n1+n2+n3+n4
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Question 15：do it
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Question 16
Level 2

Question:
Use a list comprehension to square each odd number in a list. The list is input by a sequence of comma-separated numbers.
Suppose the following input is supplied to the program:
1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9
Then, the output should be:
1,3,5,7,9

Hints:
In case of input data being supplied to the question, it should be assumed to be a console input.

Solution:
values = raw_input()
numbers = [x for x in values.split(“,”) if int(x)%2!=0]
print “,”.join(numbers)
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Question 16: do it;
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Question 17
Level 2

Question:
Write a program that computes the net amount of a bank account based a transaction log from console input. The transaction log format is shown as following:
D 100
W 200

D means deposit while W means withdrawal.
Suppose the following input is supplied to the program:
D 300
D 300
W 200
D 100
Then, the output should be:
500

Hints:
In case of input data being supplied to the question, it should be assumed to be a console input.

Solution:
netAmount = 0
while True:
s = raw_input()
if not s:
break
values = s.split(" ")
operation = values[0]
amount = int(values[1])
if operation==“D”:
netAmount+=amount
elif operation==“W”:
netAmount-=amount
else:
pass
print netAmount
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Question 18: do it
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Question 18
Level 3

Question:
A website requires the users to input username and password to register. Write a program to check the validity of password input by users.
Following are the criteria for checking the password:

1. At least 1 letter between [a-z]
2. At least 1 number between [0-9]
3. At least 1 letter between [A-Z]
4. At least 1 character from [$#@]
5. Minimum length of transaction password: 6
6. Maximum length of transaction password: 12
   Your program should accept a sequence of comma separated passwords and will check them according to the above criteria. Passwords that match the criteria are to be printed, each separated by a comma.
   Example
   If the following passwords are given as input to the program:
   ABd1234@1,a F1#,2w3E*,2We3345
   Then, the output of the program should be:
   ABd1234@1

Hints:
In case of input data being supplied to the question, it should be assumed to be a console input.

Solutions:
import re
value = []
items=[x for x in raw_input().split(‘,’)]
for p in items:
if len§<6 or len§>12:
continue
else:
pass
if not re.search(“[a-z]”,p):
continue
elif not re.search(“[0-9]”,p):
continue
elif not re.search(“[A-Z]”,p):
continue
elif not re.search(“[$#@]”,p):
continue
elif re.search(“\s”,p):
continue
else:
pass
value.append§
print “,”.join(value)
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Question 18:正则使用
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Question 19
Level 3

Question:
You are required to write a program to sort the (name, age, height) tuples by ascending order where name is string, age and height are numbers. The tuples are input by console. The sort criteria is:
1: Sort based on name;
2: Then sort based on age;
3: Then sort by score.
The priority is that name > age > score.
If the following tuples are given as input to the program:
Tom,19,80
John,20,90
Jony,17,91
Jony,17,93
Json,21,85
Then, the output of the program should be:
[(‘John’, ‘20’, ‘90’), (‘Jony’, ‘17’, ‘91’), (‘Jony’, ‘17’, ‘93’), (‘Json’, ‘21’, ‘85’), (‘Tom’, ‘19’, ‘80’)]

Hints:
In case of input data being supplied to the question, it should be assumed to be a console input.
We use itemgetter to enable multiple sort keys.

Solutions:
from operator import itemgetter, attrgetter

l = []
while True:
s = raw_input()
if not s:
break
l.append(tuple(s.split(“,”)))

print sorted(l, key=itemgetter(0,1,2))
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Question 19:权重排序
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Question 20
Level 3

Question:
Define a class with a generator which can iterate the numbers, which are divisible by 7, between a given range 0 and n.

Hints:
Consider use yield

Solution:
def putNumbers(n):
i = 0
while i<n:
j=i
i=i+1
if j%7==0:
yield j

for i in reverse(100):
#for i in putNumbers(100):
print i
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Question 20:do it
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