springboot配置yml与对应的java config

java config配置注意项

在springboot中读取yml的配置并封装成配置类需要如下几个注解

@ConfigurationProperties(prefix = “person”)表示读取前缀为person的配置,其中prefix可以是用.分割的多个层级

@ConfigurationProperties prefix默认为""，建议指定前缀，避免属性名称冲突，且指定前缀yml与java config对应更清晰

@Configuration表示这是一个配置类用于在springboot启动时扫描并加载

为了不用在每个config上都加一个@Configuration注解，可以在启动类中添加@ConfigurationPropertiesScan(basePackages = {“com.test.svc.config”})
com.test.svc.config包下存放全部java config类

1.普通key:value键值对

person:
  id: 1
  name: xiaohong
  sex: female
  age: 15

java config

@Configuration
@ConfigurationProperties(prefix = "person")
@Data
public class MyConfig {
    private Integer id;

    private String name;

    private String sex;

    private Integer age;
}

2.列表

yml中定义的列表，在java中可以用集合或数组识别

列表中每个元素都以-开头

2.1对象列表

yml

person:
  list:
    - id: 1
      name: xiaohong
      sex: female
      age: 15

    - id: 2
      name: xiaoming
      sex: male
      age: 20

java config

@Configuration
@ConfigurationProperties(prefix = "person")
@Data
public class MyConfig {
    private List<Person> list; //这个list对应yml中的list
    
    // private Person[] list; yml中配置的列表在java中也可以用数组识别

    @Data
    public static class Person{
        private Integer id;

        private String name;

        private String sex;

        private Integer age;
    }
}

2.2字符串列表

字符串中如果有:必须用引号引起来，否则会被识别为键值对

yml

person:
  strList:
    - "aa:bb"
    - bb
    - cc

java config

@Configuration
@ConfigurationProperties(prefix = "person")
@Data
public class MyConfig {
    private List<String> strList;
    
    //private String[] strList; 也可以识别成数组
}

3.数组

yml中的数组用>表示，数组的每个元素之间用，分割

字符串中含有:时不需要用引号

不可以表示对象数组

yml

person:
  arr: >
    aaa:bbb,
    bbb,
    ccc

java config

@Configuration
@ConfigurationProperties(prefix = "person")
@Data
public class MyConfig {
    
    private String[] arr;
    
}

4.map集合

4.1value为对象的map集合

yml

person:
  map:
    1:
      id: 1
      name: xiaohong
      sex: female
      age: 15

    2:
      id: 2
      name: xiaoming
      sex: male
      age: 20

java config

@Configuration
@ConfigurationProperties(prefix = "person")
@Data
public class MyConfig {

    private Map<Integer, Person> map;

    @Data
    public static class Person{
        private Integer id;

        private String name;

        private String sex;

        private Integer age;
    }
}

4.2value为基本数据类型

yml

person:
  map:
    1: xiaohong
    2: xiaoming

java config

@Configuration
@ConfigurationProperties(prefix = "person")
@Data
public class MyConfig {

    private Map<Integer, String> map;

}

5.没有prefix的用法

yml

list:
  - id: 1
    name: xiaohong
    sex: male
    age: 15

  - id: 2
  - name: xiaoming
    sex: female
    age: 20

java config

@Configuration
@ConfigurationProperties()
@Data
public class MyConfig {

    private List<Person> list;

    @Data
    public static class Person{
        private Integer id;

        private String name;

        private String sex;

        private Integer age;
    }
}