c++:通讯录的实现

发布时间:2024年01月20日

大家可以先下载一下这篇文章的资源绑定的exe文件(免费),体验下通讯录是如何运行的。

目录

完整代码

整体思路

功能主体部分

菜单?

创建联系人结构体和通讯录的结构体

各个函数功能实现部分

?添加联系人

显示联系人

删除联系人

查找联系人

修改联系人

清空联系人


完整代码

#include<iostream>
#include<string>
#define MAX 1000
using namespace std;
//菜单界面
void menu()
{
	cout << "**************************" << endl;
	cout << "*****  1.添加联系人  *****" << endl;
	cout << "*****  2.显示联系人  *****" << endl;
	cout << "*****  3.删除联系人  *****" << endl;
	cout << "*****  4.查找联系人  *****" << endl;
	cout << "*****  5.修改联系人  *****" << endl;
	cout << "*****  6.清空联系人  *****" << endl;
	cout << "*****  0.退出通讯录  *****" << endl;
	cout << "**************************" << endl;
}
//设计联系人的结构体
struct Person
{
	string m_Name;//姓名
	int m_Sex;//1.男 2.女
	int m_Age;//年龄
	string m_Phone;//电话
	string m_Addr;//地址

};
//通讯录的结构体
struct Addressbooks
{
	//通讯录中保存的联系人数组
	struct Person personArray[MAX];

	//通讯录中当前记录联系人个数
	int m_Size;
};
//1.添加联系人
void addPerson(Addressbooks* abs)
{
	//判断通讯录是否已满,如果满了就不再添加
	if (abs->m_Size==MAX)
	{
		cout << "通讯录以满,无法添加!" << endl;
	}
	else
	{
		//添加具体联系人
		//姓名
		string name;
		cout << "请输入姓名: " << endl;
		cin >> name;
		abs->personArray[abs->m_Size].m_Name = name;
		//性别
		cout << "请输入性别: " << endl;
		cout << "1--男" << endl;
		cout << "2--女" << endl;
		int sex = 0;

		while (true)
		{
			//如果输入的是1或者2可以退出循环
			//如果不是就重新输入
			cin >> sex;
			if (sex == 1 || sex == 2)
			{
				abs->personArray[abs->m_Size].m_Sex = sex;
				break;
			}
			cout << "输入有误,请重新输入" << endl;
		}
		//年龄
		cout << "请输入年龄: " << endl;
		int age = 0;
		cin >> age;
		abs->personArray[abs->m_Size].m_Age = age;
		//电话
		cout << "请输入电话: " << endl;
		string phone;
		cin >> phone;
		abs->personArray[abs->m_Size].m_Phone = phone;

		//住址
		cout << "请输入家庭住址: " << endl;
		string address;
		cin >> address;
		abs->personArray[abs->m_Size].m_Addr = address;

		//更新通讯录人数
		abs->m_Size++;
		cout << "添加成功" << endl;
		system("pause");
		system("cls");
	}
}

//2.显示所有联系人
void showPerson(Addressbooks* abs)
{
	//判断通讯录中的人数是否为0,如果为0,提示记录为空
	//如果不为0,显示记录的联系人信息
	if (abs->m_Size == 0)
	{
		cout << "当前记录为空" << endl;
	}
	else
	{
		for (int i = 0; i < abs->m_Size; i++)
		{
			cout << "姓名: " << abs->personArray[i].m_Name << "\t";
			cout << "性别: " << (abs->personArray[i].m_Sex ==1?"男":"女") << "\t";
			cout << "年龄: " << abs->personArray[i].m_Age << "\t";
			cout << "电话: " << abs->personArray[i].m_Phone << "\t";
			cout << "住址: " << abs->personArray[i].m_Addr << endl;
		}
	}
	system("pause");
	system("cls");
}

//检测联系人是否存在,如果存在,返回联系人所在数组中的具体位置,不存在则返回-1;
int isExist(Addressbooks* abs, string name)
{
	for (int i = 0; i < abs->m_Size; i++)
	{
		//找到用户输入的姓名了
		if (abs->personArray[i].m_Name == name)
		{
			return i;//找到了,返回这个人在数组中的下标编号
		}
	}
	return -1;
}

//3.删除指定的联系人
void deletePerson(Addressbooks* abs)
{
	cout << "请输入您要删除的联系人" << endl;

	string name;
	cin >> name;
	//ret==-1,未查到
	//ret!=-1,查到了
	int ret=isExist(abs, name);

	if (ret != -1)
	{
		for (int i = ret; i < abs->m_Size; i++)
		{
			abs->personArray[i] = abs->personArray[i + 1];
		}
		abs->m_Size--;//更新通讯录中的人员数
		cout << "删除成功" << endl;
	}
	else
	{
		cout << "查无此人 " << endl;
	}
	system("pause");
	system("cls");
}

//4.查找指定联系人信息
void findPerson(Addressbooks*abs)
{
	cout << "请输入你要查找的联系人"<<endl;
	string name;
	cin >> name;

	//判断联系人是否存在
	int ret=isExist(abs, name);
	if (ret != -1)
	{
		cout << "姓名: " << abs->personArray[ret].m_Name << "\t";
		cout << "性别: " << (abs->personArray[ret].m_Sex == 1 ? "男" : "女") << "\t";
		cout << "年龄: " << abs->personArray[ret].m_Age << "\t";
		cout << "电话: " << abs->personArray[ret].m_Phone << "\t";
		cout << "住址: " << abs->personArray[ret].m_Addr << endl;
	}
	else
	{
		cout << "查无此人" << endl;
	}
	system("pause");
	system("cls");
}

//5.修改指定联系人信息
void modifPerson(Addressbooks* abs)
{
	cout << "请输入您要修改的联系人" << endl;
	string name;
	cin >> name;

	int ret = isExist(abs, name);
	if (ret != -1)
	{
		//姓名
		string name;
		cout << "请输入修改后的姓名: " << endl;
		cin >> name;
		abs->personArray[ret].m_Name = name;
		//性别
		cout << "请输入性别: " << endl;
		cout << "1--男" << endl;
		cout << "2--女" << endl;
		int sex = 0;

		while (true)
		{
			cin >> sex;
			if (sex == 1 || sex == 2)
			{
				abs->personArray[ret].m_Sex = sex;
				break;
			}
			cout << "输入有误,请重新输入" << endl;
		}
		//年龄
		cout << "请输入年龄: " << endl;
		int age = 0;
		cin >> age;
		abs->personArray[ret].m_Age = age;

		//电话
		cout << "请输入联系电话: " << endl;
		string phone;
		cin >> phone;
		abs->personArray[ret].m_Phone = phone;

		//住址
		cout << "请输入家庭住址: " << endl;
		string address;
		cin >> address;
		abs->personArray[ret].m_Addr = address;

		cout << "修改成功" << endl;
	}
	else
	{
		cout << "查无此人" << endl;
	}
	system("pause");
	system("cls");
}

//6.清空联系人
void cleanPerson(Addressbooks* abs)
{
	abs->m_Size = 0;//讲当前记录的联系人数量置为0
	cout << "通讯录已清空" << endl;
	system("pause");
	system("cls");
}
int main()
{
	//创建通讯录结构体变量
	Addressbooks abs;
	//初始化通讯录中当前人员个数
	abs.m_Size = 0;

     int select = 0;//选择
	while (true)
	{
		//菜单调用
		menu();
		cout << "选择功能(0-6)" << endl;
		cin >> select;
		switch (select)
		{
		//1.添加联系人
		case 1:
			addPerson(&abs);//利用地址传递可以修饰实参
			break;
		//2.显示联系人
		case 2:
			showPerson(&abs);
			break;
		//3.删除联系人
		case 3:
			deletePerson(&abs);
			break;
		//4.查找联系人
		case 4:
			findPerson(&abs);
			break;
		//5.修改联系人
		case 5:
			modifPerson(&abs);
			break;
		//6.清空联系人
		case 6:
			cleanPerson(&abs);
			break;
		//0.退出通讯录
		case 0:
			cout << "欢迎下次使用" << endl;
			system("pause");//按下任意键退出代码
			return 0;
			break;
		default:
			cout << "输入不在选项内,请重新输入" << endl;
			break;
		}
	}
	system("pause");
	return 0;
}

整体思路

  1. 显示菜单
  2. 创建通讯录的结构体(嵌套联系人的结构体数组+联系人个数)
  3. 根据菜单建立选择分支
  4. 完善各个分支的内容

功能主体部分

int main()
{
	//创建通讯录结构体变量
	Addressbooks abs;
	//初始化通讯录中当前人员个数
	abs.m_Size = 0;

     int select = 0;//选择
	while (true)
	{
		//菜单调用
		menu();
		cout << "选择功能(0-6)" << endl;
		cin >> select;
		switch (select)
		{
		//1.添加联系人
		case 1:
			addPerson(&abs);//利用地址传递可以修饰实参
			break;
		//2.显示联系人
		case 2:
			showPerson(&abs);
			break;
		//3.删除联系人
		case 3:
			deletePerson(&abs);
			break;
		//4.查找联系人
		case 4:
			findPerson(&abs);
			break;
		//5.修改联系人
		case 5:
			modifPerson(&abs);
			break;
		//6.清空联系人
		case 6:
			cleanPerson(&abs);
			break;
		//0.退出通讯录
		case 0:
			cout << "欢迎下次使用" << endl;
			system("pause");//按下任意键退出代码
			return 0;
			break;
		default:
			cout << "输入不在选项内,请重新输入" << endl;
			break;
		}
	}
	system("pause");
	return 0;
}

菜单?

void menu()
{
	cout << "**************************" << endl;
	cout << "*****  1.添加联系人  *****" << endl;
	cout << "*****  2.显示联系人  *****" << endl;
	cout << "*****  3.删除联系人  *****" << endl;
	cout << "*****  4.查找联系人  *****" << endl;
	cout << "*****  5.修改联系人  *****" << endl;
	cout << "*****  6.清空联系人  *****" << endl;
	cout << "*****  0.退出通讯录  *****" << endl;
	cout << "**************************" << endl;
}

创建联系人结构体和通讯录的结构体

struct Person
{
	string m_Name;//姓名
	int m_Sex;//1.男 2.女
	int m_Age;//年龄
	string m_Phone;//电话
	string m_Addr;//地址

};
//通讯录的结构体
struct Addressbooks
{
	//通讯录中保存的联系人数组
	struct Person personArray[MAX];

	//通讯录中当前记录联系人个数
	int m_Size;
};

各个函数功能实现部分

  1. ?添加联系人

    //1.添加联系人
    void addPerson(Addressbooks* abs)
    {
    	//判断通讯录是否已满,如果满了就不再添加
    	if (abs->m_Size == MAX)
    	{
    		cout << "通讯录以满,无法添加!" << endl;
    	}
    	else
    	{
    		//添加具体联系人
    		//姓名
    		string name;
    		cout << "请输入姓名: " << endl;
    		cin >> name;
    		abs->personArray[abs->m_Size].m_Name = name;
    		//性别
    		cout << "请输入性别: " << endl;
    		cout << "1--男" << endl;
    		cout << "2--女" << endl;
    		int sex = 0;
    
    		while (true)
    		{
    			//如果输入的是1或者2可以退出循环
    			//如果不是就重新输入
    			cin >> sex;
    			if (sex == 1 || sex == 2)
    			{
    				abs->personArray[abs->m_Size].m_Sex = sex;
    				break;
    			}
    			cout << "输入有误,请重新输入" << endl;
    		}
    		//年龄
    		cout << "请输入年龄: " << endl;
    		int age = 0;
    		cin >> age;
    		abs->personArray[abs->m_Size].m_Age = age;
    		//电话
    		cout << "请输入电话: " << endl;
    		string phone;
    		cin >> phone;
    		abs->personArray[abs->m_Size].m_Phone = phone;
    
    		//住址
    		cout << "请输入家庭住址: " << endl;
    		string address;
    		cin >> address;
    		abs->personArray[abs->m_Size].m_Addr = address;
    
    		//更新通讯录人数
    		abs->m_Size++;
    		cout << "添加成功" << endl;
    		system("pause");
    		system("cls");
    	}
    }

  2. 显示联系人

    //2.显示所有联系人
    void showPerson(Addressbooks* abs)
    {
    	//判断通讯录中的人数是否为0,如果为0,提示记录为空
    	//如果不为0,显示记录的联系人信息
    	if (abs->m_Size == 0)
    	{
    		cout << "当前记录为空" << endl;
    	}
    	else
    	{
    		for (int i = 0; i < abs->m_Size; i++)
    		{
    			cout << "姓名: " << abs->personArray[i].m_Name << "\t";
    			cout << "性别: " << (abs->personArray[i].m_Sex == 1 ? "男" : "女") << "\t";
    			cout << "年龄: " << abs->personArray[i].m_Age << "\t";
    			cout << "电话: " << abs->personArray[i].m_Phone << "\t";
    			cout << "住址: " << abs->personArray[i].m_Addr << endl;
    		}
    	}
    	system("pause");
    	system("cls");
    }
    
    //检测联系人是否存在,如果存在,返回联系人所在数组中的具体位置,不存在则返回-1;
    int isExist(Addressbooks* abs, string name)
    {
    	for (int i = 0; i < abs->m_Size; i++)
    	{
    		//找到用户输入的姓名了
    		if (abs->personArray[i].m_Name == name)
    		{
    			return i;//找到了,返回这个人在数组中的下标编号
    		}
    	}
    	return -1;
    }
    

  3. 删除联系人

    //3.删除指定的联系人
    void deletePerson(Addressbooks* abs)
    {
    	cout << "请输入您要删除的联系人" << endl;
    
    	string name;
    	cin >> name;
    	//ret==-1,未查到
    	//ret!=-1,查到了
    	int ret = isExist(abs, name);
    
    	if (ret != -1)
    	{
    		for (int i = ret; i < abs->m_Size; i++)
    		{
    			abs->personArray[i] = abs->personArray[i + 1];
    		}
    		abs->m_Size--;//更新通讯录中的人员数
    		cout << "删除成功" << endl;
    	}
    	else
    	{
    		cout << "查无此人 " << endl;
    	}
    	system("pause");
    	system("cls");
    }

  4. 查找联系人

    //4.查找指定联系人信息
    void findPerson(Addressbooks* abs)
    {
    	cout << "请输入你要查找的联系人" << endl;
    	string name;
    	cin >> name;
    
    	//判断联系人是否存在
    	int ret = isExist(abs, name);
    	if (ret != -1)
    	{
    		cout << "姓名: " << abs->personArray[ret].m_Name << "\t";
    		cout << "性别: " << (abs->personArray[ret].m_Sex == 1 ? "男" : "女") << "\t";
    		cout << "年龄: " << abs->personArray[ret].m_Age << "\t";
    		cout << "电话: " << abs->personArray[ret].m_Phone << "\t";
    		cout << "住址: " << abs->personArray[ret].m_Addr << endl;
    	}
    	else
    	{
    		cout << "查无此人" << endl;
    	}
    	system("pause");
    	system("cls");
    }

  5. 修改联系人

    //5.修改指定联系人信息
    void modifPerson(Addressbooks* abs)
    {
    	cout << "请输入您要修改的联系人" << endl;
    	string name;
    	cin >> name;
    
    	int ret = isExist(abs, name);
    	if (ret != -1)
    	{
    		//姓名
    		string name;
    		cout << "请输入修改后的姓名: " << endl;
    		cin >> name;
    		abs->personArray[ret].m_Name = name;
    		//性别
    		cout << "请输入性别: " << endl;
    		cout << "1--男" << endl;
    		cout << "2--女" << endl;
    		int sex = 0;
    
    		while (true)
    		{
    			cin >> sex;
    			if (sex == 1 || sex == 2)
    			{
    				abs->personArray[ret].m_Sex = sex;
    				break;
    			}
    			cout << "输入有误,请重新输入" << endl;
    		}
    		//年龄
    		cout << "请输入年龄: " << endl;
    		int age = 0;
    		cin >> age;
    		abs->personArray[ret].m_Age = age;
    
    		//电话
    		cout << "请输入联系电话: " << endl;
    		string phone;
    		cin >> phone;
    		abs->personArray[ret].m_Phone = phone;
    
    		//住址
    		cout << "请输入家庭住址: " << endl;
    		string address;
    		cin >> address;
    		abs->personArray[ret].m_Addr = address;
    
    		cout << "修改成功" << endl;
    	}
    	else
    	{
    		cout << "查无此人" << endl;
    	}
    	system("pause");
    	system("cls");
    }
    

  6. 清空联系人

    //6.清空联系人
    void cleanPerson(Addressbooks* abs)
    {
    	abs->m_Size = 0;//讲当前记录的联系人数量置为0
    	cout << "通讯录已清空" << endl;
    	system("pause");
    	system("cls");
    }

    如果写在同一个文件中,会十分拥挤,我们可以新建一个函数定义的文件在源文件(后缀.cpp)中,函数声明的文件在头文件(后缀.h)中。

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文章来源:https://blog.csdn.net/2303_80025768/article/details/135713970
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