Python web自动化测试框架搭建(功能&接口)——通用模块

1、通用模块：

• config.conf: 公共配置文件，配置报告、日志、截图路径，以及邮件相关配置

• [report]
  reportpath = E:\workspace\WebAutomation\src\functiontest\Report\2017-07-18
  screen_path = E:\workspace\WebAutomation\src\functiontest\Report\2017-07-18\Screenshoots
  report_path = E:\workspace\WebAutomation\src\functiontest\Report\2017-07-18\Report\TestReport-2017-07-18-15-23-06.html
  log_path = E:\workspace\WebAutomation\src\functiontest\Report\2017-07-18\Logs\2017-07-18-15-23-06.log
  
  [mail]
  mail_from = xxx
  mail_tolist = xxx
  mail_host = mail.xx.com
  mail_user = xxxx
  mail_pass = aGFpbmFuNVU1Ng==

• logger: 日志模块

• main.py: 执行器，负责执行整体测试任务模块

• testrunner.py: 负责测试用例执行和结果收集

• utils.py: 公共方法，如创建报告文件夹、生成测试报告、发送邮件

2、日志模块：

#coding:utf-8
import logging.handlers
import ConfigParser

class Loger(logging.Logger):
    def __init__(self, filename=None):
        super(Loger, self).__init__(self)
        # 日志文件名
        conf = ConfigParser.ConfigParser()
        conf.read("config.conf")
        filename = conf.get("report", "log_path")
        self.filename = filename
        
        # 创建一个handler，用于写入日志文件
        fh = logging.handlers.RotatingFileHandler(self.filename, 'a')
        fh.setLevel(logging.DEBUG) 

        # 再创建一个handler，用于输出到控制台 
        ch = logging.StreamHandler() 
        ch.setLevel(logging.DEBUG) 

        # 定义handler的输出格式 
        formatter_fh = logging.Formatter('[%(asctime)s] - %(filename)s [Line:%(lineno)d] - [%(levelname)s] - %(message)s') 
        formatter_ch = logging.Formatter('[%(asctime)s] - %(message)s') 
        fh.setFormatter(formatter_fh) 
        ch.setFormatter(formatter_ch) 

        # 给logger添加handler 
        self.addHandler(fh) 
        #self.addHandler(ch) 

3、执行模块：

# coding=utf-8
import unittest
import os
import Utils
from sys import argv
 
def runTest(case_dir, patter):
    import TestRunner
    reload(TestRunner)
    discover = unittest.defaultTestLoader.discover(case_dir+"\\testcases", pattern=patter)
    runner = TestRunner.AutoTestRunner()
    result, infos = runner.run(discover)
    return result, infos

def run(cadir):
    filename = Utils.createFolder(cadir[0])  #创建文件夹
    import Logger
    log = Logger.Loger()
    log.info(cadir[2] + u"测试开始")
    log.info(u"开始创建文件夹和文件")
    log.info(u"日志文件："+filename[0])
    log.info(u"报告文件："+filename[1])
    log.info(u"文件夹和文件创建成功")
    log.info(u"开始执行测试用例")
    result, infos = runTest(cadir[0], cadir[1])  #收集和执行测试用例
    log.info(u"测试用例执行完成，开始写入报告")
    if cadir[2] == "functiontest":
        Utils.createReport(result, infos, filename, cadir[3])  #测试结果写入报告
    log.info(u"报告写入结束，测试结束")
    log.info(u"开始发送邮件……")
    isSuccess = Utils.sendMail(filename[1],cadir[3])
    log.info(isSuccess)
    log.info("================================================================\n")

if __name__ == '__main__':
    projectpath = os.path.dirname(os.path.realpath(__file__))
    test_dir = projectpath + '\\functiontest\\'  #功能测试用例路径
    test_dir1 = projectpath + '\\interfacetest\\'  #接口测试用例路径
    casedirs = []
    #argv=["","all"]
    if argv[1] == "interface":
        casedirs.append([test_dir1, "*TestCase.py", "interfacetest","接口"])
    elif argv[1] == "function":
        casedirs.append([test_dir, "TestCase*.py", "functiontest","功能"])
    else:
        casedirs.append([test_dir1, "*TestCase.py", "interfacetest","接口"])
        casedirs.append([test_dir, "TestCase*.py", "functiontest","功能"])
        
    for cadir in casedirs:
        run(cadir)

4、创建报告文件夹：

"""创建报告文件夹、日志文件夹、截图文件夹、日志文件、报告文件"""    
def createFolder(test_path):
    # conf = ConfigParser.ConfigParser()
    # conf.read("config.conf")    
    # reportFolder = conf.get("result", "resultpath") + time.strftime('%Y-%m-%d', time.localtime(time.time()))
    reportFolder = test_path + "Report\\" + time.strftime('%Y-%m-%d', time.localtime(time.time()))
    log_path = reportFolder + "\\Logs"
    screen_path = reportFolder + "\\Screenshoots"
    report_path = reportFolder + "\\Report"
    pathlist = [report_path, log_path, screen_path]
    for paths in pathlist:
        if os.path.exists(paths):
            pass
        else:
            os.makedirs(paths)
    logFile = log_path + "\\" + time.strftime("%Y-%m-%d-%H-%M-%S", time.localtime(time.time())) + ".log"
    f = open(logFile, 'a')
    f.close()
    
    reportname = report_path + "\\TestReport-" + time.strftime("%Y-%m-%d-%H-%M-%S", time.localtime(time.time())) + ".html"
    f = open(reportname, 'w')
    
    htmlStr = '''
            <html>
            <head>
            <meta charset='utf-8' />
            <style>
            body{counter-reset:num;}
            li{list-style: none;text-indent:10px;}
            li:after{content: counter(num);counter-increment:num;}
            pre { 
                white-space: pre-wrap;
                word-wrap: break-word; 
                display:block;
                padding:5px;
                font-size:13px;
                color:#333;
                background-color:#f5f5f5;
                border:1px solid #ccc;
                border-radius:4px;
                font-family:'Consolas';
            }
        
            h1 {
                font-size: 16pt;
                color: gray;
            }
            .heading {
                margin-top: 0ex;
                margin-bottom: 1ex;
            }
            
            .heading .attribute {
                margin-top: 1ex;
                margin-bottom: 0;
            }
            
            .heading .description {
                margin-top: 2ex;
                margin-bottom: 3ex;
            }
            
            /* -- table --- */
            table {
            border-collapse: collapse; /* IE7 and lower */
            border-spacing: 0;
            width: 100%;    
            }
            
            .bordered {
                border: solid #ccc 1px;
                -moz-border-radius: 5px;
                -webkit-border-radius: 5px;
                border-radius: 5px;
                -webkit-box-shadow: 0 1px 1px #ccc; 
                -moz-box-shadow: 0 1px 1px #ccc; 
                box-shadow: 0 1px 1px #ccc;
               
            }
                
            .bordered td {
                border: 1px solid #ccc;
                padding: 5px; 
                font-size:14px;  
            }
            
            .header_row {
                font-weight: bold;
                background-color: #dce9f9;
            }
            
            /* -- css div popup --- */
            a {
                color:#428bca;
                text-decoration:none;
            }
            
            a:hover {
                text-decoration:underline;
            }
            
            .popup_window {
                display: none;
                /*position: relative;*/
                /*border: solid #627173 1px; */
                padding: 10px;
                background-color: #E6E6D6;
                text-align: left;
                font-size: 8pt;
                width: 500px;
            }
            
            .hiddenRow {
                display: none;
            }
            
            .displayRow {
                display: block;
            }
            .testcase   { margin-left: 2em; color: #000; font-weight: bold;}
            
            /* -- report -- */
            #show_detail_line {
                margin-top: 3ex;
                margin-bottom: 1ex;
            }
            
            </style>
            
            <script language="javascript" type="text/javascript">
            function showCase(level) {
                trs = document.getElementsByTagName("tr");
                for (var i = 0; i < trs.length; i++) {
                    tr = trs[i];
                    id = tr.id;
                    if (id.substr(0,2) == 'ft') {
                        if (level == 0) {
                            tr.className = 'none';
                        }
                        if (level == 1) {
                            tr.className = 'hiddenRow';
                        }
                        if (level == 2) {
                            tr.className = 'none';
                        }
                        if (level == 3) {
                            tr.className = 'hiddenRow';
                        }
                    }
                    if (id.substr(0,2) == 'pt') {
                        if (level == 0) {
                            tr.className = 'none';
                        }
                        if (level == 1) {
                            tr.className = 'none';
                        }
                        if (level == 2) {
                            tr.className = 'hiddenRow';
                        }
                        if (level == 3) {
                            tr.className = 'hiddenRow';
                        }
                    }
                    if (id.substr(0,2) == 'st') {        
                        if (level == 0) {
                            tr.className = 'none';
                        }
                        if (level == 1) {
                            tr.className = 'hiddenRow';
                        }
                        if (level == 2) {
                            tr.className = 'hiddenRow';
                        }
                        if (level == 3) {
                            tr.className = 'none';
                        }
                    }
                }
            }
            
            function showTestDetail(tr_id){
                table = document.getElementById('result_table')
                trs = table.getElementsByTagName("tr");
                for (var i = 0; i < trs.length; i++) {
                    tr = trs[i];
                    id = tr.id;
                    if ((id.split('_'))[1] == tr_id){
                        trn = document.getElementById(id)
                        if (trn.className == 'none' ) {
                            trn.className = 'hiddenRow';
                        }
                        else {
                            trn.className = 'none';
                        }
                    }
        
                }
            }
            
            
            function showFailDetail(div_id){
                var details_div = document.getElementById(div_id)
                var displayState = details_div.style.display
                if (displayState != 'block' ) {
                    displayState = 'block'
                    details_div.style.display = 'block'
                }
                else {
                    details_div.style.display = 'none'
                }
            }
                
            </script>    
            </head><body style='font-family:微软雅黑'>
            '''
    
    f.write(htmlStr)
    f.close()
    conf = ConfigParser.ConfigParser()
    conf.read("config.conf")
    conf.set("report", "reportpath", reportFolder)    
    conf.set("report", "screen_path", screen_path)
    conf.set("report", "log_path", logFile)
    conf.set("report", "report_path", reportname)
    conf.write(open("config.conf", "w"))
    
    conf.read(test_path + "\\TestCases\\config.conf")
    conf.set("report", "reportpath", reportFolder)    
    conf.set("report", "screen_path", screen_path)
    conf.set("report", "log_path", logFile)
    conf.set("report", "report_path", reportname)
    conf.write(open("config.conf", "w"))
    filenames = [logFile, reportname]
    return filenames

5、创建创建功能测试报告

"""创建html格式的测试报告"""
def createReport(t_result, t_info, filename, reporttype):
    #localMachine = socket.getfqdn(socket.gethostname())
    #localIP = socket.gethostbyname(localMachine)      
    f = open(filename[1], 'a')
    
    unskip = (t_info)["CaseNum"]-(t_info)["Skip"]
    passrate = (float((t_info)["Success"]) / (float(unskip))) * 100
    htmlstr = '''
            <h3>执行概述</h3>
            <p style='font-size:12px;'>点击各数字可以筛选对应结果的用例。</p>
            <table class='bordered' style='width:1100px; text-align:center'>
            <tr class='header_row'>
            <td style='width:100px'>用例总数</td>
            <td style='width:100px'>通过</td>
            <td style='width:100px'>失败</td>
            <td style='width:100px'>跳过</td>
            <td style='width:100px'>错误</td>
            <td style='width:100px'>通过率</td>
            <td>开始时间</td><td>运行时间</td><td>日志文件</td></tr>
            <tr><td><a href='javascript:showCase(0)'>%s</a></td>
            <td><a href='javascript:showCase(1)'>%s</a></td>
            <td><a href='javascript:showCase(2)'>%s</a></td>
            <td><a href='javascript:showCase(3)'>%s</a></td>
            <td><a href='javascript:showCase(2)'>%s</a></td>
            <td>%.2f%%</td><td>%s</td><td>%s</td>
            <td><a href='%s'>%s</a></td>
            </tr></table>
            ''' % ((t_info)["CaseNum"],(t_info)["Success"], (t_info)["Fail"], (t_info)["Skip"], (t_info)["Error"],passrate, \
                   (t_info)["StartTime"],(t_info)["TakeTime"],filename[0], os.path.split(filename[0])[-1])    
    f.write(htmlstr)
    
    htmlstr = '''
            <h3>执行详情</h3>
            <p style='font-size:12px;'>Pass：通过，Failed：失败，Skip：跳过，Error：错误。点击Failed可以查看错误详情。</p>
            <table id='result_table' class="bordered">
            <tr class='header_row'>
                <td>编号</td>
                <td style='width:300px'>测试用例</td>
                <td style='width:300px'>中文描述</td>
                <td>耗时</td>
                <td style='width:300px'>测试结果</td>
                <td>查看</td>
            </tr>
            '''
    f.write(htmlstr) 
    
    i=1
    j=1
    for key in t_result.results.keys():
        htmlstr = '''
                <tr><td colspan='6' class='testcase'>
                <a class="popup_link" onfocus="this.blur();" href="javascript:showTestDetail('%s')">%s</a></td></tr>
                ''' % (str(j),key)
        f.write(htmlstr) 
        
        value = t_result.results[key]
        count=1
        for key1 in value.keys(): 
            takentime = ((value[key1])["stoptime"] - (value[key1])["starttime"]).seconds
            takentime = str(datetime.timedelta(seconds=takentime))
            if (value[key1])["Result"] == "Failed" or (value[key1])["Result"] == "Error":
                htmlstr = "<tr id='ft_%s_%s' class='none' style='color:red'>" % (str(j),str(count))
                f.write(htmlstr)
                
                htmlstr = '''
                        <td><li></li></td>
                        <td>%s</td>
                        <td>%s</td>
                        <td>%s</td>
                        <td>
                        <a class="popup_link" style='color:red;text-decoration:underline;' onfocus='this.blur();' href="javascript:showFailDetail('div_ft%s')" >%s</a>
                        <div id='div_ft%s' class="popup_window">
                        <div style='text-align: right; color:red;cursor:pointer'>
                        <a onfocus='this.blur();' onclick="document.getElementById('div_ft%s').style.display = 'none' " >X</a></div>
                        <pre>%s</pre></td>
                        <td><a href='%s' target='_blank'>查看截图</a></td></tr>
                        ''' % (key1, (value[key1])["name"], takentime, str(i),(value[key1])["Result"], str(i),str(i),(value[key1])["Reason"], (value[key1])["Screenshoot"])
                f.write(htmlstr) 
                i+=1
                     
            elif (value[key1])["Result"] == "Pass":
                htmlstr = '''
                        <tr id='pt_%s_%s' class='none'>
                        <td><li></li></td>
                        <td>%s</td>
                        <td>%s</td>
                        <td>%s</td>
                        <td style='color:green;'>%s</td>
                        <td></td></tr>
                        ''' % ((str(j), str(count), key1, (value[key1])["name"], takentime, (value[key1])["Result"]))
                f.write(htmlstr)
                
            else:
                htmlstr = '''
                        <tr id='st_%s_%s' class='none'>
                        <td><li></li></td>
                        <td>%s</td>
                        <td>%s</td>
                        <td>%s</td>
                        <td>%s</td>
                        <td></td></tr>
                        ''' % ((str(j), str(count), key1, (value[key1])["name"], takentime, (value[key1])["Result"]))
                f.write(htmlstr)
            count += 1            
            
        j+=1
    f.write("</table></body></html>")
    f.close()

6、创建接口测试报告

"""创建html格式的接口测试报告"""
def createInterfaceReport(resultlist, t_info, reportfile, logfile):
    #localMachine = socket.getfqdn(socket.gethostname())
    #localIP = socket.gethostbyname(localMachine)      
    f = open(reportfile, 'a')
    
    passrate = (float((t_info)["pass"]) / float((t_info)["total"])) * 100
    htmlstr = '''
            <h3>执行概述</h3>
            <table class='bordered' style='width:1000px; text-align:center'>
            <tr class='header_row'>
                <td style='width:100px'>用例总数</td>
                <td style='width:100px'>通过</td>
                <td style='width:100px'>失败</td>
                <td style='width:100px'>通过率</td>
                <td>开始时间</td><td>运行时间</td><td>日志文件</td></tr>
                <tr><td><a href='javascript:showCase(0)'>%s</a></td>
                <td><a href='javascript:showCase(1)'>%s</a></td>
                <td><a href='javascript:showCase(2)'>%s</a></td>
                <td>%.2f%%</td>
                <td>%s</td>
                <td>%.3fs</td>
                <td><a href='%s'>%s</a></td>
            </tr></table>
            ''' % ((t_info)["total"], (t_info)["pass"], (t_info)["fail"], passrate,t_info['starttime'], t_info['takentime'], logfile, os.path.split(logfile)[-1])
    f.write(htmlstr)
    
    htmlstr = '''
            <h3>执行详情</h3>
            <table id='result_table' class="bordered">
            <tr class='header_row'>
                <td>编号</td>
                <td>模块</td>
                <td>用例描述</td>
                <td>接口</td>
                <td>参数</td>
                <td>请求结果</td>
                <td>测试结果</td>
                <td>耗时(毫秒)</td>
            </tr>
            '''
    f.write(htmlstr) 
    
    i=1
    for result in resultlist:            
        if result[5] == "Failed":
            htmlstr = "<tr id='ft_%s' class='none' style='color:red'>" % str(i) 
        else:
            htmlstr = "<tr id='pt_%s' class='none' style='color:green'>" % str(i)
        htmlstr += '''
                <td><li></li></td>
                <td>%s</td>
                <td>%s</td>
                <td>%s</td>
                <td>%s</td>
                <td style='word-wrap:break-word; max-width:500px;'>%s</td>
                <td>%s</td>
                <td>%s ms</td></tr>
                ''' % (result[0], result[1], result[2], result[3], result[4], result[5], result[6])
        f.write(htmlstr.encode('utf-8')) 
        i+=1  
            
    f.write("</table></body></html>")
    f.close()

7、发送邮件

import ConfigParser
import smtplib  
from email.mime.text import MIMEText
from email.mime.multipart import MIMEMultipart
from email.mime.application import MIMEApplication
import datetime
import base64
#import socket

"""发送邮件"""
def sendMail(reportname, reporttype): 
    conf = ConfigParser.ConfigParser()
    conf.read("config.conf")    
    mail_from = conf.get("mail", "mail_from")  # 发件箱
    mail_tolist = conf.get("mail", "mail_tolist")  # 收件人列表
    mail_host = conf.get("mail", "mail_host")  # 服务器
    mail_user = conf.get("mail", "mail_user")  # 用户名
    mail_pass = conf.get("mail", "mail_pass")  # 密码
    mail_pass = base64.decodestring(mail_pass)
    
    f = open(reportname, 'r')
    content = f.read()
    msg = MIMEMultipart()
    puretext = MIMEText(content, _subtype='html', _charset='utf-8')  # 设置html格式邮件
    htmlpart = MIMEApplication(open(reportname, 'rb').read())
    htmlpart.add_header('Content-Disposition', 'attachment', filename=os.path.basename(reportname))
    msg.attach(puretext)
    msg.attach(htmlpart)
    sub = reporttype + "自动化测试报告-" + time.strftime("%Y/%m/%d", time.localtime(time.time()))
    msg['Subject'] = sub  # 设置主题
    msg['From'] = mail_from  
    msg['To'] = mail_tolist
    sendmailinfo = "" 
    try: 
        s = smtplib.SMTP()  
        s.connect(mail_host)  # 连接smtp服务器
        s.login(mail_user, mail_pass)  # 登陆服务器
        s.sendmail(mail_from, mail_tolist, msg.as_string())  # 发送邮件
        s.close()
        sendmailinfo = "邮件发送成功！" 
    except Exception, e:  
        sendmailinfo = "邮件发送失败，错误信息：" + str(e)
    return sendmailinfo