业务场景:
获取当前网络状态与类型
即提供两个方法,用于获取当前的网络状态、网络类型。
监听网络状态真正变化
网络状态真正变化,首先明确网络状态只有【有网】与【无网】,所以当 WIFI 和 数据流量 同时开启的情况下,仅关闭一项,不会提示网络状态的变更。
监听网络类型发生变化
网络类型发生变化,是指当前使用的网络类型发生变化。举个例子,WIFI、数据流量同时开启,理论上当前网络类型是 WIFI,所以当仅关闭 数据流量 时,不会提示网络类型变更,但仅关闭 WIFI 时,会提示网络类型变更为 数据流量。
这里还需要注意一点,有一个“系统默认网络”的概念:系统通常首选不按流量计费的网络而非按流量计费的网络,首选网速较快的网络而非网速较慢的网络。
常见监听网络状态有三种方式:
下面逐一实现看效果:
class NetConnectReceiver: BroadcastReceiver() {
override fun onReceive(context: Context?, intent: Intent?) {
Log.e("qingshan", "网络状态改变")
context?.getSystemService(ConnectivityManager::class.java)?.allNetworkInfo?.filter {
it.typeName == "MOBILE" || it.typeName == "WIFI"
}?.forEach {networkInfo ->
Log.e("qingshan", "${networkInfo?.typeName}, isConnect= ${networkInfo?.isConnected}")
}
}
}
//动态注册广播监听
class CustomApplication: Application() {
override fun onCreate() {
super.onCreate()
//这里模拟工具类场景:全局一个监听,然后在工具类中分发。
registerReceiver(NetConnectReceiver(), IntentFilter(ConnectivityManager.CONNECTIVITY_ACTION))
}
}
2023-11-10 14:21:58.081 13917-13917 qingshan E 网络状态改变
2023-11-10 14:21:58.082 13917-13917 qingshan E MOBILE, isConnect= false
2023-11-10 14:21:58.082 13917-13917 qingshan E WIFI, isConnect= false
2023-11-10 14:21:58.083 13917-13917 qingshan E 网络状态改变
2023-11-10 14:21:58.083 13917-13917 qingshan E MOBILE, isConnect= false
2023-11-10 14:21:58.083 13917-13917 qingshan E WIFI, isConnect= false
2023-11-10 14:13:46.002 13917-13917 qingshan E 网络状态改变
2023-11-10 14:13:46.002 13917-13917 qingshan E MOBILE, isConnect= false
2023-11-10 14:13:46.002 13917-13917 qingshan E WIFI, isConnect= true
2023-11-10 14:13:46.003 13917-13917 qingshan E 网络状态改变
2023-11-10 14:13:46.003 13917-13917 qingshan E MOBILE, isConnect= false
2023-11-10 14:13:46.003 13917-13917 qingshan E WIFI, isConnect= true
2023-11-10 14:18:46.622 13917-13917 qingshan E 网络状态改变
2023-11-10 14:18:46.624 13917-13917 qingshan E MOBILE, isConnect= true
2023-11-10 14:18:46.624 13917-13917 qingshan E WIFI, isConnect= false
2023-11-10 14:18:46.624 13917-13917 qingshan E 网络状态改变
2023-11-10 14:18:46.624 13917-13917 qingshan E MOBILE, isConnect= true
2023-11-10 14:18:46.624 13917-13917 qingshan E WIFI, isConnect= false
2023-11-10 14:18:46.665 13917-13917 qingshan E 网络状态改变
2023-11-10 14:18:46.666 13917-13917 qingshan E MOBILE, isConnect= true
2023-11-10 14:18:46.666 13917-13917 qingshan E WIFI, isConnect= false
2023-11-10 14:18:46.666 13917-13917 qingshan E 网络状态改变
2023-11-10 14:18:46.666 13917-13917 qingshan E MOBILE, isConnect= true
2023-11-10 14:18:46.666 13917-13917 qingshan E WIFI, isConnect= false
有时日志如下:
2023-11-10 14:25:03.460 13917-13917 qingshan E 网络状态改变
2023-11-10 14:25:03.461 13917-13917 qingshan E MOBILE, isConnect= false
2023-11-10 14:25:03.461 13917-13917 qingshan E WIFI, isConnect= false
2023-11-10 14:25:03.461 13917-13917 qingshan E 网络状态改变
2023-11-10 14:25:03.462 13917-13917 qingshan E MOBILE, isConnect= false
2023-11-10 14:25:03.462 13917-13917 qingshan E WIFI, isConnect= false
2023-11-10 14:25:03.527 13917-13917 qingshan E 网络状态改变
2023-11-10 14:25:03.528 13917-13917 qingshan E MOBILE, isConnect= true
2023-11-10 14:25:03.528 13917-13917 qingshan E WIFI, isConnect= false
2023-11-10 14:25:03.528 13917-13917 qingshan E 网络状态改变
2023-11-10 14:25:03.528 13917-13917 qingshan E MOBILE, isConnect= true
2023-11-10 14:25:03.528 13917-13917 qingshan E WIFI, isConnect= false
注意:先关 wifi 再关数据时,先打印上面(“数据流量、wifi 全开,仅关闭wifi”场景)日志,再打印下面日志。
2023-11-10 14:21:58.081 13917-13917 qingshan E 网络状态改变
2023-11-10 14:21:58.082 13917-13917 qingshan E MOBILE, isConnect= false
2023-11-10 14:21:58.082 13917-13917 qingshan E WIFI, isConnect= false
2023-11-10 14:21:58.083 13917-13917 qingshan E 网络状态改变
2023-11-10 14:21:58.083 13917-13917 qingshan E MOBILE, isConnect= false
2023-11-10 14:21:58.083 13917-13917 qingshan E WIFI, isConnect= false
2023-11-10 14:31:21.285 13917-13917 qingshan E 网络状态改变
2023-11-10 14:31:21.286 13917-13917 qingshan E MOBILE, isConnect= false
2023-11-10 14:31:21.286 13917-13917 qingshan E WIFI, isConnect= true
2023-11-10 14:31:21.287 13917-13917 qingshan E 网络状态改变
2023-11-10 14:31:21.287 13917-13917 qingshan E MOBILE, isConnect= false
2023-11-10 14:31:21.287 13917-13917 qingshan E WIFI, isConnect= true
2023-11-10 14:31:21.317 13917-13917 qingshan E 网络状态改变
2023-11-10 14:31:21.319 13917-13917 qingshan E MOBILE, isConnect= false
2023-11-10 14:31:21.319 13917-13917 qingshan E WIFI, isConnect= true
2023-11-10 14:31:21.319 13917-13917 qingshan E 网络状态改变
2023-11-10 14:31:21.320 13917-13917 qingshan E MOBILE, isConnect= false
2023-11-10 14:31:21.320 13917-13917 qingshan E WIFI, isConnect= true
要求 android sdk >=24
用于监听“系统默认网络”发生变更。
请勿在回调中调用 ConnectivityManager 的同步方法来查找新可用网络的属性,因为这会受到竞态条件的影响。例如:在 onLost() 回调中调用 connectivityManager.getNetworkCapabilities()。
class CustomApplication: Application() {
override fun onCreate() {
super.onCreate()
//这里模拟工具类场景:全局一个监听,然后在工具类中分发。
getSystemService(ConnectivityManager::class.java).apply {
if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= Build.VERSION_CODES.N) {
registerDefaultNetworkCallback(object : NetworkCallback() {
override fun onAvailable(network: Network) {
super.onAvailable(network)
Log.e("qingshan", "def -> onAvailable")
}
override fun onLost(network: Network) {
super.onLost(network)
Log.e("qingshan", "def -> onLost")
}
override fun onCapabilitiesChanged(
network: Network,
networkCapabilities: NetworkCapabilities
) {
super.onCapabilitiesChanged(network, networkCapabilities)
Log.e("qingshan", "def -> 可正常访问网络 = ${networkCapabilities.hasCapability(NetworkCapabilities.NET_CAPABILITY_VALIDATED)} " +
"& 数据连接 = ${networkCapabilities.hasTransport(NetworkCapabilities.TRANSPORT_CELLULAR)} " +
"& wifi连接= ${networkCapabilities.hasTransport(NetworkCapabilities.TRANSPORT_WIFI)}")
}
})
}
}
}
}
2023-11-10 15:22:31.427 8342-12273 qingshan E def -> onAvailable
2023-11-10 15:22:31.427 8342-12273 qingshan E def -> 可正常访问网络 = true & 数据连接 = false & wifi连接= true
2023-11-10 15:30:26.103 8342-12273 qingshan E def -> onLost
2023-11-10 15:30:26.150 8342-12273 qingshan E def -> onAvailable
2023-11-10 15:30:26.151 8342-12273 qingshan E def -> 可正常访问网络 = true & 数据连接 = true & wifi连接= false
注意:先关 wifi 再关数据时,先打印上面(“数据流量、wifi 全开,仅关闭wifi”场景)日志,再打印下面日志。
2023-11-10 15:35:42.923 8342-12273 qingshan E def -> onLost
2023-11-10 15:33:05.596 8342-12273 qingshan E def -> onAvailable
2023-11-10 15:33:05.596 8342-12273 qingshan E def -> 可正常访问网络 = true & 数据连接 = false & wifi连接= true
有时日志如下:
2023-11-10 15:39:22.644 8342-12273 qingshan E def -> onAvailable
2023-11-10 15:39:22.645 8342-12273 qingshan E def -> 可正常访问网络 = false & 数据连接 = true & wifi连接= false
2023-11-10 15:39:22.842 8342-12273 qingshan E def -> 可正常访问网络 = true & 数据连接 = true & wifi连接= false
用于监听所有网络发生变更。
请勿在回调中调用 ConnectivityManager 的同步方法来查找新可用网络的属性,因为这会受到竞态条件的影响。例如:在 onLost() 回调中调用 connectivityManager.getNetworkCapabilities()。
class CustomApplication: Application() {
override fun onCreate() {
super.onCreate()
//这里模拟工具类场景:全局一个监听,然后在工具类中分发。
getSystemService(ConnectivityManager::class.java).apply {
if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= Build.VERSION_CODES.N) {
registerNetworkCallback(NetworkRequest.Builder()
.addTransportType(NetworkCapabilities.TRANSPORT_CELLULAR)
.addTransportType(NetworkCapabilities.TRANSPORT_WIFI)
.addCapability(NetworkCapabilities.NET_CAPABILITY_VALIDATED)
.build(), object : NetworkCallback(){
override fun onAvailable(network: Network) {
super.onAvailable(network)
Log.e("qingshan", "all -> onAvailable")
}
override fun onLost(network: Network) {
super.onLost(network)
Log.e("qingshan", "all -> onLost")
}
override fun onCapabilitiesChanged(
network: Network,
networkCapabilities: NetworkCapabilities
) {
super.onCapabilitiesChanged(network, networkCapabilities)
Log.e("qingshan", "all -> 可正常访问网络 = ${networkCapabilities.hasCapability(NetworkCapabilities.NET_CAPABILITY_VALIDATED)} " +
"& 数据连接 = ${networkCapabilities.hasTransport(NetworkCapabilities.TRANSPORT_CELLULAR)} " +
"& wifi连接= ${networkCapabilities.hasTransport(NetworkCapabilities.TRANSPORT_WIFI)}")
}
})
}
}
}
}
2023-11-10 17:24:37.153 10713-6397 qingshan E all -> onAvailable
2023-11-10 17:24:37.153 10713-6397 qingshan E all -> 可正常访问网络 = true & 数据连接 = false & wifi连接= true
2023-11-10 17:24:37.155 10713-6397 qingshan E all -> onAvailable
2023-11-10 17:24:37.155 10713-6397 qingshan E all -> 可正常访问网络 = true & 数据连接 = true & wifi连接= false
2023-11-10 17:26:28.243 10713-6397 qingshan E all -> onLost
2023-11-10 17:30:43.302 10713-6397 qingshan E all -> onLost
2023-11-10 17:30:45.464 10713-6397 qingshan E all -> 可正常访问网络 = true & 数据连接 = true & wifi连接= false
先关wifi,再关数据流量,日志如下:
2023-11-10 17:36:19.335 10713-6397 qingshan E all -> onLost
2023-11-10 17:36:19.475 10713-6397 qingshan E all -> 可正常访问网络 = true & 数据连接 = true & wifi连接= false
2023-11-10 17:36:20.802 10713-6397 qingshan E all -> onLost
先关数据流量,再关wifi,日志如下:
2023-11-10 17:37:20.487 10713-6397 qingshan E all -> onLost
2023-11-10 17:37:22.176 10713-6397 qingshan E all -> onLost
2023-11-10 17:33:42.284 10713-6397 qingshan E all -> onAvailable
2023-11-10 17:33:42.284 10713-6397 qingshan E all -> 可正常访问网络 = true & 数据连接 = false & wifi连接= true
2023-11-10 17:27:49.875 10713-6397 qingshan E all -> onAvailable
2023-11-10 17:27:49.876 10713-6397 qingshan E all -> 可正常访问网络 = true & 数据连接 = true & wifi连接= false
2023-11-10 17:27:49.878 10713-6397 qingshan E all -> 可正常访问网络 = true & 数据连接 = true & wifi连接= false
根据上面的实际运行效果可以得知:
所以,综合上述,得出如下工具类实现:
import android.content.BroadcastReceiver
import android.content.Context
import android.content.Intent
import android.content.IntentFilter
import android.net.ConnectivityManager
import android.net.Network
import android.net.NetworkCapabilities
import android.os.Build
import android.os.Handler
import android.os.Looper
sealed class ConnectType(val value: Int) {
object Mobile : ConnectType(0)
object Wifi : ConnectType(1)
object None : ConnectType(-1)
companion object {
fun convert2Type(value: Int): ConnectType {
return when (value) {
Mobile.value -> Mobile
Wifi.value -> Wifi
else -> None
}
}
}
}
object NetConnectManager {
private var mConnectivityManager: ConnectivityManager? = null
private val mainHandler = Handler(Looper.getMainLooper())
private val mNetTypeListener = mutableListOf<(type: ConnectType) -> Unit>()
private val mNetStateListener = mutableListOf<(isAvailable: Boolean) -> Unit>()
private var mCurrentConnectType: ConnectType? = null
private var mIsNetAvailable: Boolean? = null
/**
* 初始化
*/
fun init(context: Context) {
mConnectivityManager = context.getSystemService(ConnectivityManager::class.java)
if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= Build.VERSION_CODES.N) {
mConnectivityManager?.registerDefaultNetworkCallback(DefaultNetConnectCallback())
} else {
context.registerReceiver(
NetConnectReceiver(),
IntentFilter(ConnectivityManager.CONNECTIVITY_ACTION)
)
}
}
/**
* 注册网络类型监听
*/
fun addNetTypeChangeListener(listener: (type: ConnectType) -> Unit) {
mNetTypeListener.add(listener)
}
/**
* 反注册网络类型监听
*/
fun removeNetTypeChangeListener(listener: (type: ConnectType) -> Unit) {
mNetTypeListener.remove(listener)
}
/**
* 注册网络状态监听
*/
fun addNetStatusChangeListener(listener: (isAvailable: Boolean) -> Unit) {
mNetStateListener.add(listener)
}
/**
* 反注册网络状态监听
*/
fun removeNetStatusChangeListener(listener: (isAvailable: Boolean) -> Unit) {
mNetStateListener.remove(listener)
}
/**
* 获取当前网络类型
*/
fun getConnectType(): ConnectType {
if (mConnectivityManager == null) {
throw UninitializedPropertyAccessException("请先调用init()初始化")
}
return mCurrentConnectType ?: mConnectivityManager?.getNetworkCapabilities(
mConnectivityManager?.activeNetwork
).let {
return if (it?.hasTransport(NetworkCapabilities.TRANSPORT_CELLULAR) == true) {
ConnectType.Mobile
} else if (it?.hasTransport(NetworkCapabilities.TRANSPORT_WIFI) == true) {
ConnectType.Wifi
} else {
ConnectType.None
}
}
}
/**
* 获取当前是否网络已连接
*/
fun isConnected(): Boolean {
if (mConnectivityManager == null) {
throw UninitializedPropertyAccessException("请先调用init()初始化")
}
return (mIsNetAvailable
?: mConnectivityManager?.getNetworkCapabilities(mConnectivityManager?.activeNetwork)
?.hasCapability(NetworkCapabilities.NET_CAPABILITY_VALIDATED)) == true
}
private class DefaultNetConnectCallback : ConnectivityManager.NetworkCallback() {
override fun onLost(network: Network) {
super.onLost(network)
mCurrentConnectType = ConnectType.None
mainHandler.postDelayed({
if (mCurrentConnectType == ConnectType.None && mIsNetAvailable == true) {
mIsNetAvailable = false
mNetStateListener.forEach { it.invoke(false) }
mNetTypeListener.forEach { it(ConnectType.None) }
}
}, 500)
}
override fun onCapabilitiesChanged(
network: Network,
networkCapabilities: NetworkCapabilities
) {
super.onCapabilitiesChanged(network, networkCapabilities)
mainHandler.post {
val isConnected =
networkCapabilities.hasCapability(NetworkCapabilities.NET_CAPABILITY_VALIDATED)
val isCellular =
networkCapabilities.hasTransport(NetworkCapabilities.TRANSPORT_CELLULAR)
val isWifi =
networkCapabilities.hasTransport(NetworkCapabilities.TRANSPORT_WIFI)
if (isConnected) {
val newConnectType =
if (isCellular) ConnectType.Mobile else if (isWifi) ConnectType.Wifi else ConnectType.None
if (mIsNetAvailable == null || mIsNetAvailable == false) {
mIsNetAvailable = true
mNetStateListener.forEach { it(true) }
}
if (mCurrentConnectType != newConnectType) {
mCurrentConnectType = newConnectType
mNetTypeListener.forEach { it(newConnectType) }
}
}
}
}
}
private class NetConnectReceiver : BroadcastReceiver() {
override fun onReceive(context: Context?, intent: Intent?) {
val activityNetworkInfo =
context?.getSystemService(ConnectivityManager::class.java)?.allNetworkInfo?.filter {
(it.type == ConnectType.Mobile.value || it.type == ConnectType.Wifi.value) && it.isConnected
}?.firstOrNull()
if (activityNetworkInfo != null) {
if (mIsNetAvailable == null || mIsNetAvailable == false) {
mIsNetAvailable = true
mNetStateListener.forEach { it(true) }
}
ConnectType.convert2Type(activityNetworkInfo.type).let { connectType ->
if (connectType != mCurrentConnectType) {
mCurrentConnectType = connectType
mNetTypeListener.forEach { it(connectType) }
}
}
return
}
mCurrentConnectType = ConnectType.None
mainHandler.postDelayed({
if (mCurrentConnectType == ConnectType.None && mIsNetAvailable == true) {
mIsNetAvailable = false
mNetStateListener.forEach { it(false) }
mNetTypeListener.forEach { it(ConnectType.None) }
}
}, 500)
}
}
}
测试代码:
class MainActivity : AppCompatActivity(){
override fun onCreate(savedInstanceState: Bundle?) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState)
setContentView(R.layout.activity_main)
Log.e("qingshan", "网络是否连接= ${NetConnectManager.isConnected()} & 网络类型= ${NetConnectManager.getConnectType()}")
NetConnectManager.addNetTypeChangeListener {
Log.e("qingshan", "网络类型[监听]= $it")
}
NetConnectManager.addNetStatusChangeListener {
Log.e("qingshan", "网络是否已连接[监听]= $it")
}
}
}
qingshan E 网络是否连接= false & 网络类型= com.stefan.simpleskin.ConnectType$None@6f21c25
qingshan E 网络是否连接= true & 网络类型= com.stefan.simpleskin.ConnectType$Wifi@34771fa
qingshan E 网络类型[监听]= com.stefan.simpleskin.ConnectType$Wifi@34771fa
qingshan E 网络类型[监听]= com.stefan.simpleskin.ConnectType$Mobile@cf38ed1
qingshan E 网络是否已连接[监听]= false
qingshan E 网络类型[监听]= com.stefan.simpleskin.ConnectType$None@fddad36
qingshan E 网络类型[监听]= com.stefan.simpleskin.ConnectType$Wifi@34771fa
读取网络状态 | Connectivity | Android Developers
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