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Apache ShardingSphere 是一款分布式的数据库生态系统, 可以将任意数据库转换为分布式数据库,并通过数据分片、弹性伸缩、加密等能力对原有数据库进行增强。
Apache ShardingSphere 设计哲学为 Database Plus,旨在构建异构数据库上层的标准和生态。 它关注如何充分合理地利用数据库的计算和存储能力,而并非实现一个全新的数据库。 它站在数据库的上层视角,关注它们之间的协作多于数据库自身。
ShardingSphere-JDBC 定位为轻量级 Java 框架,在 Java 的 JDBC 层提供的额外服务。
Apache ShardingSphere-JDBC 可以通过Java 和 YAML 这 2 种方式进行配置,开发者可根据场景选择适合的配置方式。
<!-- 分表分库依赖 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.shardingsphere</groupId>
<artifactId>sharding-jdbc-spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
<version>4.1.1</version>
</dependency>
spring:
main:
# 一个实体类对应多张表,覆盖
allow-bean-definition-overriding: true
shardingsphere:
datasource:
ds0:
#配置数据源具体内容,包含连接池,驱动,地址,用户名和密码
driver-class-name: com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver
jdbc-url: jdbc:mysql://127.0.0.1:3306/account?autoReconnect=true&allowMultiQueries=true
password: root
type: com.zaxxer.hikari.HikariDataSource
username: root
ds1:
driver-class-name: com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver
jdbc-url: jdbc:mysql://127.0.0.1:3306/account?autoReconnect=true&allowMultiQueries=true
password: root
type: com.zaxxer.hikari.HikariDataSource
username: root
# 配置数据源,给数据源起名称
names: ds0,ds1
props:
sql:
show: true
sharding:
tables:
user_info:
#指定 user_info 表分布情况,配置表在哪个数据库里面,表名称都是什么
actual-data-nodes: ds0.user_info_${0..9}
database-strategy:
standard:
preciseAlgorithmClassName: com.xxxx.store.account.config.PreciseDBShardingAlgorithm
rangeAlgorithmClassName: com.xxxx.store.account.config.RangeDBShardingAlgorithm
sharding-column: id
table-strategy:
standard:
preciseAlgorithmClassName: com.xxxx.store.account.config.PreciseTablesShardingAlgorithm
rangeAlgorithmClassName: com.xxxx.store.account.config.RangeTablesShardingAlgorithm
sharding-column: id
/**
* 精确分库算法
*/
public class PreciseDBShardingAlgorithm implements PreciseShardingAlgorithm<Long> {
/**
*
* @param availableTargetNames 配置所有的列表
* @param preciseShardingValue 分片值
* @return
*/
@Override
public String doSharding(Collection<String> availableTargetNames, PreciseShardingValue<Long> preciseShardingValue) {
Long value = preciseShardingValue.getValue();
//后缀 0,1
String postfix = String.valueOf(value % 2);
for (String availableTargetName : availableTargetNames) {
if(availableTargetName.endsWith(postfix)){
return availableTargetName;
}
}
throw new UnsupportedOperationException();
}
}
/**
* 范围分库算法
*/
public class RangeDBShardingAlgorithm implements RangeShardingAlgorithm<Long> {
@Override
public Collection<String> doSharding(Collection<String> collection, RangeShardingValue<Long> rangeShardingValue) {
return collection;
}
}
/**
* 精确分表算法
*/
public class PreciseTablesShardingAlgorithm implements PreciseShardingAlgorithm<Long> {
/**
*
* @param availableTargetNames 配置所有的列表
* @param preciseShardingValue 分片值
* @return
*/
@Override
public String doSharding(Collection<String> availableTargetNames, PreciseShardingValue<Long> preciseShardingValue) {
Long value = preciseShardingValue.getValue();
//后缀
String postfix = String.valueOf(value % 10);
for (String availableTargetName : availableTargetNames) {
if(availableTargetName.endsWith(postfix)){
return availableTargetName;
}
}
throw new UnsupportedOperationException();
}
}
/**
* 范围分表算法
*/
public class RangeTablesShardingAlgorithm implements RangeShardingAlgorithm<Long> {
@Override
public Collection<String> doSharding(Collection<String> collection, RangeShardingValue<Long> rangeShardingValue) {
Collection<String> result = new ArrayList<>();
Range<Long> valueRange = rangeShardingValue.getValueRange();
Long start = valueRange.lowerEndpoint();
Long end = valueRange.upperEndpoint();
Long min = start % 10;
Long max = end % 10;
for (Long i = min; i < max +1; i++) {
Long finalI = i;
collection.forEach(e -> {
if(e.endsWith(String.valueOf(finalI))){
result.add(e);
}
});
}
return result;
}
}
DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `user_info_0`;
CREATE TABLE `user_info_0` (
`id` bigint(20) NOT NULL,
`account` varchar(255) DEFAULT NULL,
`user_name` varchar(255) DEFAULT NULL,
`pwd` varchar(255) DEFAULT NULL,
PRIMARY KEY (`id`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8;
@Data
@TableName(value = "user_info")
public class UserInfo {
/**
* 主键
*/
private Long id;
/**
* 账号
*/
private String account;
/**
* 用户名
*/
private String userName;
/**
* 密码
*/
private String pwd;
}
public interface UserInfoService{
/**
* 保存
* @param userInfo
* @return
*/
public UserInfo saveUserInfo(UserInfo userInfo);
public UserInfo getUserInfoById(Long id);
public List<UserInfo> listUserInfo();
}
@Service
public class UserInfoServiceImpl extends ServiceImpl<UserInfoMapper, UserInfo> implements UserInfoService {
@Override
@Transactional
public UserInfo saveUserInfo(UserInfo userInfo) {
userInfo.setId(IdUtils.getId());
this.save(userInfo);
return userInfo;
}
@Override
public UserInfo getUserInfoById(Long id) {
return this.getById(id);
}
@Override
public List<UserInfo> listUserInfo() {
QueryWrapper<UserInfo> userInfoQueryWrapper = new QueryWrapper<>();
userInfoQueryWrapper.between("id",1623695688380448768L,1623695688380448769L);
return this.list(userInfoQueryWrapper);
}
}
package com.xxxx.tore.common.utils;
import cn.hutool.core.lang.Snowflake;
import cn.hutool.core.util.IdUtil;
/**
* 生成各种组件ID
*/
public class IdUtils {
/**
* 雪花算法
* @return
*/
public static long getId(){
Snowflake snowflake = IdUtil.getSnowflake(0, 0);
long id = snowflake.nextId();
return id;
}
}
https://github.com/seata/seata-samples/tree/master/springcloud-seata-sharding-jdbc-mybatis-plus-samples
<!--seata依赖-->
<dependency>
<groupId>com.alibaba.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-alibaba-seata</artifactId>
<version>2021.0.4.0</version>
</dependency>
<!-- sharding-jdbc整合seata分布式事务-->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.shardingsphere</groupId>
<artifactId>sharding-transaction-base-seata-at</artifactId>
<version>4.1.1</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>com.alibaba.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-alibaba-nacos-discovery</artifactId>
<version>2021.0.4.0</version>
<exclusions>
<exclusion>
<groupId>com.alibaba.nacos</groupId>
<artifactId>nacos-client</artifactId>
</exclusion>
</exclusions>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>com.alibaba.nacos</groupId>
<artifactId>nacos-client</artifactId>
<version>1.4.2</version>
</dependency>
@Service
public class AccountServiceImpl extends ServiceImpl<AccountMapper, Account> implements AccountService {
@Autowired
private OrderService orderService;
@Autowired
private StorageService storageService;
/**
* 存放商品编码及其对应的价钱
*/
private static Map<String,Integer> map = new HashMap<>();
static {
map.put("c001",3);
map.put("c002",5);
map.put("c003",10);
map.put("c004",6);
}
@Override
@Transactional
@ShardingTransactionType(TransactionType.BASE)
public void debit(OrderDTO orderDTO) {
//扣减账户余额
int calculate = this.calculate(orderDTO.getCommodityCode(), orderDTO.getCount());
AccountDTO accountDTO = new AccountDTO(orderDTO.getUserId(), calculate);
QueryWrapper<Account> objectQueryWrapper = new QueryWrapper<>();
objectQueryWrapper.eq("id",1);
objectQueryWrapper.eq(accountDTO.getUserId() != null,"user_id",accountDTO.getUserId());
Account account = this.getOne(objectQueryWrapper);
account.setMoney(account.getMoney() - accountDTO.getMoney());
this.saveOrUpdate(account);
//扣减库存
this.storageService.deduct(new StorageDTO(null,orderDTO.getCommodityCode(),orderDTO.getCount()));
//生成订单
this.orderService.create(orderDTO);
}
/**
* 计算购买商品的总价钱
* @param commodityCode
* @param orderCount
* @return
*/
private int calculate(String commodityCode, int orderCount){
//商品价钱
Integer price = map.get(commodityCode) == null ? 0 : map.get(commodityCode);
return price * orderCount;
}
}
注意:调单生成调用的逻辑修改,减余额->减库存->生成订单。调用入口方法注解加上:@ShardingTransactionType(TransactionType.BASE)
@Service
public class BusinessServiceImpl implements BusinessService {
@Autowired
private OrderService orderService;
@Autowired
private StorageService storageService;
@Autowired
private AccountService accountService;
@Override
public void purchase(OrderDTO orderDTO) {
//扣减账号中的钱
accountService.debit(orderDTO);
}
}
@Service
public class OrderServiceImpl extends ServiceImpl<OrderMapper,Order> implements OrderService {
/**
* 存放商品编码及其对应的价钱
*/
private static Map<String,Integer> map = new HashMap<>();
static {
map.put("c001",3);
map.put("c002",5);
map.put("c003",10);
map.put("c004",6);
}
@Override
@Transactional
@ShardingTransactionType(TransactionType.BASE)
public Order create(String userId, String commodityCode, int orderCount) {
int orderMoney = calculate(commodityCode, orderCount);
Order order = new Order();
order.setUserId(userId);
order.setCommodityCode(commodityCode);
order.setCount(orderCount);
order.setMoney(orderMoney);
//保存订单
this.save(order);
try {
TimeUnit.SECONDS.sleep(30);
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
if(true){
throw new RuntimeException("回滚测试");
}
return order;
}
/**
* 计算购买商品的总价钱
* @param commodityCode
* @param orderCount
* @return
*/
private int calculate(String commodityCode, int orderCount){
//商品价钱
Integer price = map.get(commodityCode) == null ? 0 : map.get(commodityCode);
return price * orderCount;
}
}
server:
port: 8090
spring:
main:
# 一个实体类对应多张表,覆盖
allow-bean-definition-overriding: true
shardingsphere:
datasource:
ds0:
#配置数据源具体内容,包含连接池,驱动,地址,用户名和密码
driver-class-name: com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver
jdbc-url: jdbc:mysql://127.0.0.1:3306/account?autoReconnect=true&allowMultiQueries=true
password: root
type: com.zaxxer.hikari.HikariDataSource
username: root
ds1:
driver-class-name: com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver
jdbc-url: jdbc:mysql://127.0.0.1:3306/account?autoReconnect=true&allowMultiQueries=true
password: root
type: com.zaxxer.hikari.HikariDataSource
username: root
# 配置数据源,给数据源起名称
names: ds0,ds1
props:
sql:
show: true
sharding:
tables:
account_tbl:
actual-data-nodes: ds0.account_tbl_${0..1}
database-strategy:
standard:
preciseAlgorithmClassName: com.xxxx.store.account.config.PreciseDBExtShardingAlgorithm
#rangeAlgorithmClassName: com.xxxx.store.account.config.RangeDBShardingAlgorithm
sharding-column: id
table-strategy:
standard:
preciseAlgorithmClassName: com.xxxx.store.account.config.PreciseTablesExtShardingAlgorithm
#rangeAlgorithmClassName: com.xxxx.store.account.config.RangeTablesShardingAlgorithm
sharding-column: id
user_info:
#指定 user_info 表分布情况,配置表在哪个数据库里面,表名称都是什么
actual-data-nodes: ds0.user_info_${0..9}
database-strategy:
standard:
preciseAlgorithmClassName: com.xxxx.store.account.config.PreciseDBShardingAlgorithm
rangeAlgorithmClassName: com.xxxx.store.account.config.RangeDBShardingAlgorithm
sharding-column: id
table-strategy:
standard:
preciseAlgorithmClassName: com.xxxx.store.account.config.PreciseTablesShardingAlgorithm
rangeAlgorithmClassName: com.xxxx.store.account.config.RangeTablesShardingAlgorithm
sharding-column: id
#以上是sharding-jdbc配置
cloud:
nacos:
discovery:
server-addr: localhost:8848
namespace: 1ff3782d-b62d-402f-8bc4-ebcf40254d0a
application:
name: account-service #微服务名称
# datasource:
# username: root
# password: root
# url: jdbc:mysql://127.0.0.1:3306/account
# driver-class-name: com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver
seata:
enabled: true
enable-auto-data-source-proxy: false
application-id: account-service
tx-service-group: default_tx_group
service:
vgroup-mapping:
default_tx_group: default
disable-global-transaction: false
registry:
type: nacos
nacos:
application: seata-server
server-addr: 127.0.0.1:8848
namespace: 1ff3782d-b62d-402f-8bc4-ebcf40254d0a
group: SEATA_GROUP
username: nacos
password: nacos
config:
nacos:
server-addr: 127.0.0.1:8848
namespace: 1ff3782d-b62d-402f-8bc4-ebcf40254d0a
group: SEATA_GROUP
username: nacos
password: nacos
第一章 Java线程池技术应用
第二章 CountDownLatch和Semaphone的应用
第三章 Spring Cloud 简介
第四章 Spring Cloud Netflix 之 Eureka
第五章 Spring Cloud Netflix 之 Ribbon
第六章 Spring Cloud 之 OpenFeign
第七章 Spring Cloud 之 GateWay
第八章 Spring Cloud Netflix 之 Hystrix
第九章 代码管理gitlab 使用
第十章 SpringCloud Alibaba 之 Nacos discovery
第十一章 SpringCloud Alibaba 之 Nacos Config
第十二章 Spring Cloud Alibaba 之 Sentinel
第十三章 JWT
第十四章 RabbitMQ应用
第十五章 RabbitMQ 延迟队列
第十六章 spring-cloud-stream
第十七章 Windows系统安装Redis、配置环境变量
第十八章 查看、修改Redis配置,介绍Redis类型
第十九章 ShardingSphere - ShardingSphere-JDBC