6. Service详解
发布时间：2023年12月18日
6. Service详解
6.1 Service介绍
在kubernetes中，pod是应用程序的载体，我们可以通过pod的ip来访问应用程序，但是pod的ip地址不是固定的，这也就意味着不方便直接采用pod的ip对服务进行访问。
为了解决这个问题，kubernetes提供了Service资源，Service会对提供同一个服务的多个pod进行聚合，并且提供一个统一的入口地址。通过访问Service的入口地址就能访问到后面的pod服务。
Service在很多情况下只是一个概念，真正起作用的其实是kube-proxy服务进程，每个Node节点上都运行着一个kube-proxy服务进程。当创建Service的时候会通过api-server向etcd写入创建的service的信息，而kube-proxy会基于监听的机制发现这种Service的变动，然后它会将最新的Service信息转换成对应的访问规则。
# 10.97.97.97:80 是service提供的访问入口
# 当访问这个入口的时候，可以发现后面有三个pod的服务在等待调用，
# kube-proxy会基于rr（轮询）的策略，将请求分发到其中一个pod上去
# 这个规则会同时在集群内的所有节点上都生成，所以在任何一个节点上访问都可以。
[root@node1 ~]# ipvsadm -Ln
IP Virtual Server version 1.2.1 (size=4096)
Prot LocalAddress:Port Scheduler Flags
-> RemoteAddress:Port Forward Weight ActiveConn InActConn
TCP 10.97.97.97:80 rr
-> 10.244.1.39:80 Masq 1 0 0
-> 10.244.1.40:80 Masq 1 0 0
-> 10.244.2.33:80 Masq 1 0 0
kube-proxy目前支持三种工作模式:
userspace 模式
userspace模式下，kube-proxy会为每一个Service创建一个监听端口，发向Cluster IP的请求被Iptables规则重定向到kube-proxy监听的端口上，kube-proxy根据LB算法选择一个提供服务的Pod并和其建立链接，以将请求转发到Pod上。 该模式下，kube-proxy充当了一个四层负责均衡器的角色。由于kube-proxy运行在userspace中，在进行转发处理时会增加内核和用户空间之间的数据拷贝，虽然比较稳定，但是效率比较低。
iptables 模式
iptables模式下，kube-proxy为service后端的每个Pod创建对应的iptables规则，直接将发向Cluster IP的请求重定向到一个Pod IP。 该模式下kube-proxy不承担四层负责均衡器的角色，只负责创建iptables规则。该模式的优点是较userspace模式效率更高，但不能提供灵活的LB策略，当后端Pod不可用时也无法进行重试。
ipvs 模式
ipvs模式和iptables类似，kube-proxy监控Pod的变化并创建相应的ipvs规则。ipvs相对iptables转发效率更高。除此以外，ipvs支持更多的LB算法。
# 此模式必须安装ipvs内核模块，否则会降级为iptables
# cm 配置管理器/配置映射
[root@k8s-master inventory]# kubectl api-resources|grep cm
configmaps cm v1 true ConfigMap
# 开启ipvs，# 修改mode: "ipvs"
[root@k8s-master inventory]# kubectl edit configmaps kube-proxy -n kube-system
configmap/kube-proxy edited
修改为 mode: "ipvs"
# 查看标签：k8s-app=kube-proxy
[root@k8s-master kubernetes]# kubectl get pods -n kube-system --show-labels|grep k8s-app=kube-proxy
kube-proxy-n28gm 1/1 Running 0 5m52s controller-revision-hash=65cf5dddb9,k8s-app=kube-prox,pod-template-generation=1
kube-proxy-q6clr 1/1 Running 0 5m52s controller-revision-hash=65cf5dddb9,k8s-app=kube-prox,pod-template-generation=1
kube-proxy-vvkbn 1/1 Running 0 5m53s controller-revision-hash=65cf5dddb9,k8s-app=kube-prox,pod-template-generation=1
[root@k8s-master kubernetes]# kubectl delete pod -l k8s-app=kube-proxy -n kube-system
pod "kube-proxy-n28gm" deleted
pod "kube-proxy-q6clr" deleted
pod "kube-proxy-vvkbn" deleted
[root@k8s-node1 ~]# yum -y install ipvsadm-1.31-1.el8.x86_6
[root@k8s-node1 kubernetes]# ipvsadm -Ln
IP Virtual Server version 1.2.1 (size=4096)
Prot LocalAddress:Port Scheduler Flags
-> RemoteAddress:Port Forward Weight ActiveConn InActConn
TCP 172.17.0.1:32149 rr
TCP 192.168.207.11:32149 rr
TCP 10.96.0.1:443 rr
-> 192.168.207.10:6443 Masq 1 1 0
TCP 10.96.0.10:53 rr
TCP 10.96.0.10:9153 rr
TCP 10.110.182.125:80 rr
TCP 10.244.1.0:32149 rr
UDP 10.96.0.10:53 rr
6.2 Service类型
Service的资源清单文件：
kind: Service # 资源类型
apiVersion: v1 # 资源版本
metadata: # 元数据
name: service # 资源名称
namespace: dev # 命名空间
spec: # 描述
selector: # 标签选择器，用于确定当前service代理哪些pod
app: nginx
type: # Service类型，指定service的访问方式
clusterIP: # 虚拟服务的ip地址
sessionAffinity: # session亲和性，支持ClientIP、None两个选项
ports: # 端口信息
- protocol: TCP
port: 3017 # service端口
targetPort: 5003 # pod端口
nodePort: 31122 # 主机端口
- ClusterIP：默认值，它是Kubernetes系统自动分配的虚拟IP，只能在集群内部访问
- NodePort：将Service通过指定的Node上的端口暴露给外部，通过此方法，就可以在集群外部访问服务
- LoadBalancer：使用外接负载均衡器完成到服务的负载分发，注意此模式需要外部云环境支持
- ExternalName： 把集群外部的服务引入集群内部，直接使用
6.3 Service使用
6.3.1 实验环境准备
在使用service之前，首先利用Deployment创建出3个pod，注意要为pod设置app=nginx-pod的标签
创建deployment.yaml，内容如下：
[root@k8s-master inventory]# vi deployment.yaml
[root@k8s-master inventory]# cat deployment.yaml
apiVersion: apps/v1
kind: Deployment
metadata:
name: pc-deployment
namespace: dev
spec:
replicas: 3
selector:
matchLabels:
app: nginx-pod
template:
metadata:
labels:
app: nginx-pod
spec:
containers:
- name: nginx
image: nginx:1.17.1
ports:
- containerPort: 80
[root@k8s-master inventory]# kubectl apply -f deployment.yaml
deployment.apps/pc-deployment created
# 查看pod详情
[root@k8s-master inventory]# kubectl get -f deployment.yaml
NAME READY UP-TO-DATE AVAILABLE AGE
pc-deployment 3/3 3 3 7s
[root@k8s-master inventory]# kubectl get -f deployment.yaml -o wide
NAME READY UP-TO-DATE AVAILABLE AGE CONTAINERS IMAGES SELECTOR
pc-deployment 3/3 3 3 12s nginx nginx:1.17.1 app=nginx-pod
[root@k8s-master inventory]# kubectl get pods -n dev -o wide
NAME READY STATUS RESTARTS AGE IP NODE NOMINATED NODE READINESS GATES
pc-deployment-6fdb77cb4-4c5zq 1/1 Running 0 16s 10.244.2.42 k8s-node2 <none> <none>
pc-deployment-6fdb77cb4-4prlq 1/1 Running 0 16s 10.244.1.32 k8s-node1 <none> <none>
pc-deployment-6fdb77cb4-jq776 1/1 Running 0 16s 10.244.2.43 k8s-node2 <none> <none>
# 为了方便后面的测试，修改下三台nginx的访问内容
[root@k8s-master inventory]# kubectl exec -itn dev pc-deployment-6fdb77cb4-4c5zq -- /bin/sh
# echo "page 111" > /usr/share/nginx/html/index.html
# exit
[root@k8s-master inventory]# kubectl exec -itn dev pc-deployment-6fdb77cb4-4prlq -- /bin/sh
# echo "page 222" > /usr/share/nginx/html/index.html
# exit
[root@k8s-master inventory]# kubectl exec -itn dev pc-deployment-6fdb77cb4-jq776 -- /bin/sh
# echo "page 333" > /usr/share/nginx/html/index.html
# exit
# 测试
[root@k8s-master ~]# curl 10.244.2.42
page 111
[root@k8s-master ~]# curl 10.244.1.32
page 222
[root@k8s-master ~]# curl 10.244.2.43
page 333
6.3.2 ClusterIP类型的Service
创建service-clusterip.yaml文件
[root@k8s-master inventory]# vi service-clusterip.yaml
[root@k8s-master inventory]# cat service-clusterip.yaml
apiVersion: v1
kind: Service
metadata:
name: service-clusterip
namespace: dev
spec:
selector:
app: nginx-pod
type: ClusterIP
ports:
- port: 80
targetPort: 80
[root@k8s-master inventory]# kubectl apply -f service-clusterip.yaml
service/service-clusterip created
# 查看service
[root@k8s-master inventory]# kubectl get -f service-clusterip.yaml
NAME TYPE CLUSTER-IP EXTERNAL-IP PORT(S) AGE
service-clusterip ClusterIP 10.110.199.147 <none> 80/TCP 5s
[root@k8s-master inventory]# kubectl get svc -n dev -o wide
NAME TYPE CLUSTER-IP EXTERNAL-IP PORT(S) AGE SELECTOR
nginx NodePort 10.110.182.125 <none> 80:32149/TCP 5d22h app=nginx-pod
service-clusterip ClusterIP 10.110.199.147 <none> 80/TCP 9s app=nginx-pod
# 查看service的详细信息
# 在这里有一个Endpoints列表，里面就是当前service可以负载到的服务入口
[root@k8s-master inventory]# kubectl describe svc service-clusterip -n dev
Name: service-clusterip
Namespace: dev
Labels: <none>
Annotations: <none>
Selector: app=nginx-pod
Type: ClusterIP
IP Family Policy: SingleStack
IP Families: IPv4
IP: 10.110.199.147
IPs: 10.110.199.147
Port: <unset> 80/TCP
TargetPort: 80/TCP
Endpoints: 10.244.1.32:80,10.244.2.42:80,10.244.2.43:80
Session Affinity: None
Events: <none>
# 查看ipvs的映射规则
[root@k8s-master inventory]# ipvsadm -Ln
IP Virtual Server version 1.2.1 (size=4096)
Prot LocalAddress:Port Scheduler Flags
-> RemoteAddress:Port Forward Weight ActiveConn InActConn
TCP 172.17.0.1:32149 rr
-> 10.244.1.32:80 Masq 1 0 0
-> 10.244.2.42:80 Masq 1 0 0
-> 10.244.2.43:80 Masq 1 0 0
TCP 192.168.207.10:32149 rr
-> 10.244.1.32:80 Masq 1 0 0
-> 10.244.2.42:80 Masq 1 0 0
-> 10.244.2.43:80 Masq 1 0 0
TCP 10.96.0.1:443 rr
-> 192.168.207.10:6443 Masq 1 3 0
TCP 10.96.0.10:53 rr
-> 10.244.0.4:53 Masq 1 0 0
-> 10.244.0.5:53 Masq 1 0 0
TCP 10.96.0.10:9153 rr
-> 10.244.0.4:9153 Masq 1 0 0
-> 10.244.0.5:9153 Masq 1 0 0
TCP 10.110.182.125:80 rr
-> 10.244.1.32:80 Masq 1 0 0
-> 10.244.2.42:80 Masq 1 0 0
-> 10.244.2.43:80 Masq 1 0 0
TCP 10.110.199.147:80 rr
-> 10.244.1.32:80 Masq 1 0 0
-> 10.244.2.42:80 Masq 1 0 0
-> 10.244.2.43:80 Masq 1 0 0
TCP 10.244.0.0:32149 rr
-> 10.244.1.32:80 Masq 1 0 0
-> 10.244.2.42:80 Masq 1 0 0
-> 10.244.2.43:80 Masq 1 0 0
TCP 10.244.0.1:32149 rr
-> 10.244.1.32:80 Masq 1 0 0
-> 10.244.2.42:80 Masq 1 0 0
-> 10.244.2.43:80 Masq 1 0 0
UDP 10.96.0.10:53 rr
-> 10.244.0.4:53 Masq 1 0 0
-> 10.244.0.5:53 Masq 1 0 0
# 访问 10.110.199.147 观察效果
[root@k8s-master inventory]# kubectl get svc -n dev -o wide
NAME TYPE CLUSTER-IP EXTERNAL-IP PORT(S) AGE SELECTOR
nginx NodePort 10.110.182.125 <none> 80:32149/TCP 5d22h app=nginx-pod
service-clusterip ClusterIP 10.110.199.147 <none> 80/TCP 48s app=nginx-pod
[root@k8s-master inventory]# curl 10.110.199.147
page 333
[root@k8s-master inventory]# curl 10.110.199.147
page 111
[root@k8s-master inventory]# curl 10.110.199.147
page 222
[root@k8s-master inventory]# curl 10.110.199.147
page 333
[root@k8s-master inventory]# curl 10.110.199.147
page 111
[root@k8s-master inventory]# curl 10.110.199.147
page 222
[root@k8s-master inventory]# curl 10.110.199.147
page 333
Endpoint
Endpoint是kubernetes中的一个资源对象，存储在etcd中，用来记录一个service对应的所有pod的访问地址，它是根据service配置文件中selector描述产生的。
一个Service由一组Pod组成，这些Pod通过Endpoints暴露出来，Endpoints是实现实际服务的端点集合。换句话说，service和pod之间的联系是通过endpoints实现的。
[root@k8s-master inventory]# kubectl get endpoints -n dev -o wide
NAME ENDPOINTS AGE
service-clusterip 10.244.1.32:80,10.244.2.42:80,10.244.2.43:80 3m41s
负载分发策略
对Service的访问被分发到了后端的Pod上去，目前kubernetes提供了两种负载分发策略：
-
如果不定义，默认使用kube-proxy的策略，比如随机、轮询
-
基于客户端地址的会话保持模式，即来自同一个客户端发起的所有请求都会转发到固定的一个Pod上
此模式可以使在spec中添加
sessionAffinity:ClientIP选项# 查看ipvs的映射规则【rr 轮询】 grep -A 3 过滤下面3行 [root@k8s-master inventory]# ipvsadm -Ln|grep -A 3 '10.110.199.147' TCP 10.110.199.147:80 rr -> 10.244.1.32:80 Masq 1 0 0 -> 10.244.2.42:80 Masq 1 0 0 -> 10.244.2.43:80 Masq 1 0 0 # 循环访问测试 [root@k8s-master inventory]# while true;do curl 10.110.199.147:80; sleep 2; done; page 111 page 222 page 333 page 111 page 222 page 333 page 111 page 222 page 333 page 111 ^C [root@k8s-master inventory]# kubectl delete -f service-clusterip.yaml service "service-clusterip" deleted # 修改分发策略----sessionAffinity:ClientIP [root@k8s-master inventory]# vi service-clusterip.yaml [root@k8s-master inventory]# cat service-clusterip.yaml apiVersion: v1 kind: Service metadata: name: service-clusterip namespace: dev spec: sessionAffinity: ClientIP selector: app: nginx-pod type: ClusterIP ports: - port: 80 # Service端口 targetPort: 80 # pod端口 [root@k8s-master inventory]# kubectl apply -f service-clusterip.yaml service/service-clusterip created [root@k8s-master inventory]# [root@k8s-master inventory]# kubectl get svc -n dev NAME TYPE CLUSTER-IP EXTERNAL-IP PORT(S) AGE service-clusterip ClusterIP 10.111.115.232 <none> 80/TCP 12s # 查看ipvs规则【persistent 代表持久】 [root@k8s-master inventory]# ipvsadm -Ln|grep -A 3 '10.111.115.232' TCP 10.111.115.232:80 rr persistent 10800 -> 10.244.1.32:80 Masq 1 0 0 -> 10.244.2.42:80 Masq 1 0 0 -> 10.244.2.43:80 Masq 1 0 0 # 循环访问测试 [root@k8s-master inventory]# while true;do curl 10.111.115.232; sleep 2; done; page 333 page 333 page 333 [root@k8s-master inventory]# kubectl delete -f service-clusterip.yaml service "service-clusterip" deleted
6.3.3 HeadLess类型的Service
-
在某些场景中，开发人员可能不想使用Service提供的负载均衡功能，而希望自己来控制负载均衡策略，针对这种情况，kubernetes提供了HeadLess Service，这类Service不会分配Cluster IP，如果想要访问service，只能通过service的域名进行查询。
-
headless service可以通过解析service的DNS，返回所有Pod的地址和DNS(statefulSet部署的Pod才有DNS)
普通的service，只能通过解析service的DNS返回service的ClusterIP
6.3.3.1 deployment和statefulset区别
Deployment和StatefulSet是Kubernetes中常用的两种应用部署方式，它们在特点和使用场景上有所不同。
Deployment是Kubernetes中最常见的应用部署方式之一。Deployment可以用来部署和管理无状态(stateless)应用，它通过ReplicaSet来实现应用的伸缩、滚动升级和回滚等操作。Deployment不需要维护稳定的网络标识符和持久性存储卷，每个Pod都是独立的实体。当Pod发生故障或者需要进行扩容时，Deployment会自动创建或者销毁Pod。
相比之下，StatefulSet适用于有状态(stateful)应用的部署和管理。StatefulSet可以保证应用的稳定标识符和有序的部署、扩容与缩容。StatefulSet中的每个Pod都有唯一的网络标识符和持久性存储卷，即使Pod重新创建也可以保留相同的标识符和数据。这对于一些依赖稳定标识符和持久状态的应用非常重要，例如数据库或者分布式存储系统。
此外，Deployment和StatefulSet在更新策略上也存在差异。Deployment采用滚动升级的方式来更新应用，即逐步创建新的Pod并逐步删除旧的Pod，以确保应用的可用性。而StatefulSet则通过Pod的顺序创建和删除来实现有序的升级和回滚，以确保数据的连续性和一致性。
综上所述，Deployment适合无状态应用的部署和管理，而StatefulSet适合有状态应用。根据应用的需求和特点选择合适的部署方式可以更好地利用Kubernetes提供的强大功能和优势。
6.3.3.2 statefulset deployment 区别
StatefulSet和Deployment是Kubernetes中常用的两种资源对象，它们在应用程序的部署和管理方面有着不同的特点和用途。
Deployment是一种无状态的资源对象，用于管理无状态应用的部署。无状态意味着应用程序的实例之间没有任何依赖关系，可以随意地创建、删除和替换。Deployment通过使用ReplicaSet来实现应用程序的扩展和高可用性。当需要对应用程序进行水平扩展或滚动更新时，可以简单地修改Deployment的副本数或更新镜像版本，Kubernetes会自动处理应用程序的创建和删除过程。
StatefulSet是一种有状态的资源对象，用于管理有状态应用的部署。有状态意味着应用程序的实例之间有着一定的依赖关系，并且需要保证有序、唯一性的命名和网络标识。StatefulSet通过使用有序的Pod命名和持久化存储来实现应用程序的有状态部署。当需要对有状态应用进行扩展、缩减或滚动更新时，StatefulSet可以确保应用程序实例的顺序和唯一性，从而保证数据的一致性和可靠性。
总结来说，Deployment适合无状态应用的部署和管理，可以实现水平扩展和滚动更新。而StatefulSet适合有状态应用的部署和管理，可以确保应用程序实例的唯一性和顺序，保证数据的一致性和可靠性。根据应用程序的性质和需求，选择适合的资源对象可以更好地管理和维护应用程序的部署。
# 创建StatefulSet.yaml
[root@k8s-master inventory]# cat statefulset.yaml
apiVersion: apps/v1
kind: StatefulSet
metadata:
name: pc-deployment
namespace: dev
spec:
replicas: 3
selector:
matchLabels:
app: nginx-pod
template:
metadata:
labels:
app: nginx-pod
spec:
containers:
- name: b1
image: busybox:latest
command: ["/bin/sleep","6000"]
ports:
- containerPort: 80
[root@k8s-master inventory]# kubectl apply -f statefulset.yaml
statefulset.apps/pc-deployment created
[root@k8s-master inventory]# kubectl get -f deployment.yaml -o wide
NAME READY AGE CONTAINERS IMAGES
pc-deployment 3/3 21s b1 busybox:latest
[root@k8s-master inventory]# kubectl get pods -n dev
NAME READY STATUS RESTARTS AGE
pc-deployment-0 1/1 Running 0 25s
pc-deployment-1 1/1 Running 0 15s
pc-deployment-2 1/1 Running 0 11s
# 创建service-headliness.yaml
[root@k8s-master inventory]# cat service-headless.yaml
apiVersion: v1
kind: Service
metadata:
name: service-headliness
namespace: dev
spec:
selector:
app: nginx-pod
clusterIP: None # 将clusterIP设置为None，即可创建headliness Service,自动分配
type: ClusterIP
ports:
- port: 80
targetPort: 80
[root@k8s-master inventory]# kubectl apply -f service-headless.yaml
service/service-headliness created
# 获取service， 发现CLUSTER-IP未分配
[root@k8s-master inventory]# kubectl get svc service-headliness -n dev -o wide
NAME TYPE CLUSTER-IP EXTERNAL-IP PORT(S) AGE SELECTOR
service-headliness ClusterIP None <none> 80/TCP 27m app=nginx-pod
[root@k8s-master inventory]# kubectl get -f service-headless.yaml
NAME TYPE CLUSTER-IP EXTERNAL-IP PORT(S) AGE
service-headliness ClusterIP None <none> 80/TCP 28m
# 查看service详情
[root@k8s-master inventory]# kubectl describe svc service-headliness -n dev
Name: service-headliness
Namespace: dev
Labels: <none>
Annotations: <none>
Selector: app=nginx-pod
Type: ClusterIP
IP Family Policy: SingleStack
IP Families: IPv4
IP: None
IPs: None
Port: <unset> 80/TCP
TargetPort: 80/TCP
Endpoints: 10.244.1.36:80,10.244.1.37:80,10.244.2.48:80
Session Affinity: None
Events: <none>
# 查看域名的解析情况
[root@k8s-master inventory]# kubectl get pods -n dev
NAME READY STATUS RESTARTS AGE
pc-deployment-0 1/1 Running 0 36s
pc-deployment-1 1/1 Running 0 35s
pc-deployment-2 1/1 Running 0 33s
[root@k8s-master inventory]# kubectl exec -itn dev pc-deployment-0 -- /bin/sh
/ #
/ # cat /etc/resolv.conf
search dev.svc.cluster.local svc.cluster.local cluster.local
nameserver 10.96.0.10
options ndots:5
/ # nslookup service-headliness.dev.svc.cluster.local
Server: 10.96.0.10
Address: 10.96.0.10:53
Name: service-headliness.dev.svc.cluster.local Address: 10.244.1.36
Name: service-headliness.dev.svc.cluster.local Address: 10.244.1.37
Name: service-headliness.dev.svc.cluster.local Address: 10.244.2.48
6.3.4 NodePort类型的Service
在之前的样例中，创建的Service的ip地址只有集群内部才可以访问，如果希望将Service暴露给集群外部使用，那么就要使用到另外一种类型的Service，称为NodePort类型。NodePort的工作原理其实就是将service的端口映射到Node的一个端口上，然后就可以通过NodeIp:NodePort来访问service了。
创建service-nodeport.yaml
[root@k8s-master inventory]# cat service-nodeport.yaml
apiVersion: v1
kind: Service
metadata:
name: service-nodeport
namespace: dev
spec:
selector:
app: nginx-pod
type: NodePort
ports:
- port: 80
nodePort: 30002
targetPort: 80
# 查看service
[root@k8s-master inventory]# kubectl apply -f service-nodeport.yaml
service/service-nodeport created
[root@k8s-master inventory]# kubectl get -f service-nodeport.yaml
NAME TYPE CLUSTER-IP EXTERNAL-IP PORT(S) AGE
service-nodeport NodePort 10.104.111.160 <none> 80:30002/TCP 11s
[root@k8s-master inventory]# kubectl get -f service-nodeport.yaml -o wide
NAME TYPE CLUSTER-IP EXTERNAL-IP PORT(S) AGE SELECTOR
service-nodeport NodePort 10.104.111.160 <none> 80:30002/TCP 16s app=nginx-pod
# 接下来可以通过电脑主机的浏览器去访问集群中任意一个nodeip的30002端口，即可访问到pod
6.3.5 LoadBalancer类型的Service
LoadBalancer和NodePort很相似，目的都是向外部暴露一个端口，区别在于LoadBalancer会在集群的外部再来做一个负载均衡设备，而这个设备需要外部环境支持的，外部服务发送到这个设备上的请求，会被设备负载之后转发到集群中。
6.3.6 ExternalName类型的Service
ExternalName类型的Service用于引入集群外部的服务，它通过externalName属性指定外部一个服务的地址，然后在集群内部访问此service就可以访问到外部的服务了。
[root@k8s-master inventory]# cat service-externalname.yaml
apiVersion: v1
kind: Service
metadata:
name: service-externalname
namespace: dev
spec:
type: ExternalName
externalName: www.baidu.com
[root@k8s-master inventory]# kubectl apply -f service-externalname.yaml
service/service-externalname created
[root@k8s-master inventory]# kubectl get -f service-externalname.yaml -o wide
NAME TYPE CLUSTER-IP EXTERNAL-IP PORT(S) AGE SELECTOR
service-externalname ExternalName <none> www.baidu.com <none> 11s <none>
[root@k8s-master inventory]# kubectl exec -itn dev pc-deployment-0 -- /bin/sh
/ #
/ # cat /etc/resolv.conf
search dev.svc.cluster.local svc.cluster.local cluster.local
nameserver 10.96.0.10
options ndots:5
/ # nslookup service-externalname.dev.svc.cluster.local
Server: 10.96.0.10
Address: 10.96.0.10:53
service-externalname.dev.svc.cluster.local canonical name = www.baidu.com
www.baidu.com canonical name = www.a.shifen.com
Name: www.a.shifen.com Address: 183.2.172.185
Name: www.a.shifen.com Address: 183.2.172.42
service-externalname.dev.svc.cluster.local canonical name = www.baidu.com
www.baidu.com canonical name = www.a.shifen.com
Name: www.a.shifen.com Address: 240e:ff:e020:966:0:ff:b042:f296
Name: www.a.shifen.com Address: 240e:ff:e020:9ae:0:ff:b014:8e8b
6.4 Ingress介绍
在前面课程中已经提到，Service对集群之外暴露服务的主要方式有两种：NotePort和LoadBalancer，但是这两种方式，都有一定的缺点：
- NodePort方式的缺点是会占用很多集群机器的端口，那么当集群服务变多的时候，这个缺点就愈发明显
- LB(LoadBalancer)方式的缺点是每个service需要一个LB，浪费、麻烦，并且需要kubernetes之外设备的支持
基于这种现状，kubernetes提供了Ingress资源对象，Ingress只需要一个NodePort或者一个LB就可以满足暴露多个Service的需求。工作机制大致如下图表示：
实际上，Ingress相当于一个7层的负载均衡器，是kubernetes对反向代理的一个抽象，它的工作原理类似于Nginx，可以理解成在Ingress里建立诸多映射规则，Ingress Controller通过监听这些配置规则并转化成Nginx的反向代理配置 , 然后对外部提供服务。在这里有两个核心概念：
- ingress：kubernetes中的一个对象，作用是定义请求如何转发到service的规则
- ingress controller：具体实现反向代理及负载均衡的程序，对ingress定义的规则进行解析，根据配置的规则来实现请求转发，实现方式有很多，比如Nginx, Contour, Haproxy等等
Ingress（以Nginx为例）的工作原理如下：
- 用户编写Ingress规则，说明哪个域名对应kubernetes集群中的哪个Service
- Ingress控制器动态感知Ingress服务规则的变化，然后生成一段对应的Nginx反向代理配置
- Ingress控制器会将生成的Nginx配置写入到一个运行着的Nginx服务中，并动态更新
- 到此为止，其实真正在工作的就是一个Nginx了，内部配置了用户定义的请求转发规则
6.5 Ingress使用
6.5.1 环境准备
搭建ingress环境
[root@k8s-master ~]# mkdir ingress-controller
# 获取ingress-nginx，本次案例使用的是1.31版本
# 修改deploy.yaml文件中的仓库
# 修改quay.io/kubernetes-ingress-controller/nginx-ingress-controller:0.30.0
# 为dyrnq/ingress-nginx-controller:v1.3.1
原文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/mushuangpanny/article/details/126964281
[root@k8s-master ingress-controller]# vi deploy.yaml
[root@k8s-master ingress-controller]# cat deploy.yaml
apiVersion: v1
kind: Namespace
metadata:
labels:
app.kubernetes.io/instance: ingress-nginx
app.kubernetes.io/name: ingress-nginx
name: ingress-nginx
---
apiVersion: v1
automountServiceAccountToken: true
kind: ServiceAccount
metadata:
labels:
app.kubernetes.io/component: controller
app.kubernetes.io/instance: ingress-nginx
app.kubernetes.io/name: ingress-nginx
app.kubernetes.io/part-of: ingress-nginx
app.kubernetes.io/version: 1.3.1
name: ingress-nginx
namespace: ingress-nginx
---
apiVersion: v1
kind: ServiceAccount
metadata:
labels:
app.kubernetes.io/component: admission-webhook
app.kubernetes.io/instance: ingress-nginx
app.kubernetes.io/name: ingress-nginx
app.kubernetes.io/part-of: ingress-nginx
app.kubernetes.io/version: 1.3.1
name: ingress-nginx-admission
namespace: ingress-nginx
---
apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1
kind: Role
metadata:
labels:
app.kubernetes.io/component: controller
app.kubernetes.io/instance: ingress-nginx
app.kubernetes.io/name: ingress-nginx
app.kubernetes.io/part-of: ingress-nginx
app.kubernetes.io/version: 1.3.1
name: ingress-nginx
namespace: ingress-nginx
rules:
- apiGroups:
- ""
resources:
- namespaces
verbs:
- get
- apiGroups:
- ""
resources:
- configmaps
- pods
- secrets
- endpoints
verbs:
- get
- list
- watch
- apiGroups:
- ""
resources:
- services
verbs:
- get
- list
- watch
- apiGroups:
- networking.k8s.io
resources:
- ingresses
verbs:
- get
- list
- watch
- apiGroups:
- networking.k8s.io
resources:
- ingresses/status
verbs:
- update
- apiGroups:
- networking.k8s.io
resources:
- ingressclasses
verbs:
- get
- list
- watch
- apiGroups:
- ""
resourceNames:
- ingress-controller-leader
resources:
- configmaps
verbs:
- get
- update
- apiGroups:
- ""
resources:
- configmaps
verbs:
- create
- apiGroups:
- coordination.k8s.io
resourceNames:
- ingress-controller-leader
resources:
- leases
verbs:
- get
- update
- apiGroups:
- coordination.k8s.io
resources:
- leases
verbs:
- create
- apiGroups:
- ""
resources:
- events
verbs:
- create
- patch
---
apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1
kind: Role
metadata:
labels:
app.kubernetes.io/component: admission-webhook
app.kubernetes.io/instance: ingress-nginx
app.kubernetes.io/name: ingress-nginx
app.kubernetes.io/part-of: ingress-nginx
app.kubernetes.io/version: 1.3.1
name: ingress-nginx-admission
namespace: ingress-nginx
rules:
- apiGroups:
- ""
resources:
- secrets
verbs:
- get
- create
---
apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1
kind: ClusterRole
metadata:
labels:
app.kubernetes.io/instance: ingress-nginx
app.kubernetes.io/name: ingress-nginx
app.kubernetes.io/part-of: ingress-nginx
app.kubernetes.io/version: 1.3.1
name: ingress-nginx
rules:
- apiGroups:
- ""
resources:
- configmaps
- endpoints
- nodes
- pods
- secrets
- namespaces
verbs:
- list
- watch
- apiGroups:
- coordination.k8s.io
resources:
- leases
verbs:
- list
- watch
- apiGroups:
- ""
resources:
- nodes
verbs:
- get
- apiGroups:
- ""
resources:
- services
verbs:
- get
- list
- watch
- apiGroups:
- networking.k8s.io
resources:
- ingresses
verbs:
- get
- list
- watch
- apiGroups:
- ""
resources:
- events
verbs:
- create
- patch
- apiGroups:
- networking.k8s.io
resources:
- ingresses/status
verbs:
- update
- apiGroups:
- networking.k8s.io
resources:
- ingressclasses
verbs:
- get
- list
- watch
---
apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1
kind: ClusterRole
metadata:
labels:
app.kubernetes.io/component: admission-webhook
app.kubernetes.io/instance: ingress-nginx
app.kubernetes.io/name: ingress-nginx
app.kubernetes.io/part-of: ingress-nginx
app.kubernetes.io/version: 1.3.1
name: ingress-nginx-admission
rules:
- apiGroups:
- admissionregistration.k8s.io
resources:
- validatingwebhookconfigurations
verbs:
- get
- update
---
apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1
kind: RoleBinding
metadata:
labels:
app.kubernetes.io/component: controller
app.kubernetes.io/instance: ingress-nginx
app.kubernetes.io/name: ingress-nginx
app.kubernetes.io/part-of: ingress-nginx
app.kubernetes.io/version: 1.3.1
name: ingress-nginx
namespace: ingress-nginx
roleRef:
apiGroup: rbac.authorization.k8s.io
kind: Role
name: ingress-nginx
subjects:
- kind: ServiceAccount
name: ingress-nginx
namespace: ingress-nginx
---
apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1
kind: RoleBinding
metadata:
labels:
app.kubernetes.io/component: admission-webhook
app.kubernetes.io/instance: ingress-nginx
app.kubernetes.io/name: ingress-nginx
app.kubernetes.io/part-of: ingress-nginx
app.kubernetes.io/version: 1.3.1
name: ingress-nginx-admission
namespace: ingress-nginx
roleRef:
apiGroup: rbac.authorization.k8s.io
kind: Role
name: ingress-nginx-admission
subjects:
- kind: ServiceAccount
name: ingress-nginx-admission
namespace: ingress-nginx
---
apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1
kind: ClusterRoleBinding
metadata:
labels:
app.kubernetes.io/instance: ingress-nginx
app.kubernetes.io/name: ingress-nginx
app.kubernetes.io/part-of: ingress-nginx
app.kubernetes.io/version: 1.3.1
name: ingress-nginx
roleRef:
apiGroup: rbac.authorization.k8s.io
kind: ClusterRole
name: ingress-nginx
subjects:
- kind: ServiceAccount
name: ingress-nginx
namespace: ingress-nginx
---
apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1
kind: ClusterRoleBinding
metadata:
labels:
app.kubernetes.io/component: admission-webhook
app.kubernetes.io/instance: ingress-nginx
app.kubernetes.io/name: ingress-nginx
app.kubernetes.io/part-of: ingress-nginx
app.kubernetes.io/version: 1.3.1
name: ingress-nginx-admission
roleRef:
apiGroup: rbac.authorization.k8s.io
kind: ClusterRole
name: ingress-nginx-admission
subjects:
- kind: ServiceAccount
name: ingress-nginx-admission
namespace: ingress-nginx
---
apiVersion: v1
data:
allow-snippet-annotations: "true"
kind: ConfigMap
metadata:
labels:
app.kubernetes.io/component: controller
app.kubernetes.io/instance: ingress-nginx
app.kubernetes.io/name: ingress-nginx
app.kubernetes.io/part-of: ingress-nginx
app.kubernetes.io/version: 1.3.1
name: ingress-nginx-controller
namespace: ingress-nginx
---
apiVersion: v1
kind: Service
metadata:
labels:
app.kubernetes.io/component: controller
app.kubernetes.io/instance: ingress-nginx
app.kubernetes.io/name: ingress-nginx
app.kubernetes.io/part-of: ingress-nginx
app.kubernetes.io/version: 1.3.1
name: ingress-nginx-controller
namespace: ingress-nginx
spec:
ipFamilies:
- IPv4
ipFamilyPolicy: SingleStack
ports:
- appProtocol: http
name: http
port: 80
protocol: TCP
targetPort: http
- appProtocol: https
name: https
port: 443
protocol: TCP
targetPort: https
selector:
app.kubernetes.io/component: controller
app.kubernetes.io/instance: ingress-nginx
app.kubernetes.io/name: ingress-nginx
type: NodePort
---
apiVersion: v1
kind: Service
metadata:
labels:
app.kubernetes.io/component: controller
app.kubernetes.io/instance: ingress-nginx
app.kubernetes.io/name: ingress-nginx
app.kubernetes.io/part-of: ingress-nginx
app.kubernetes.io/version: 1.3.1
name: ingress-nginx-controller-admission
namespace: ingress-nginx
spec:
ports:
- appProtocol: https
name: https-webhook
port: 443
targetPort: webhook
selector:
app.kubernetes.io/component: controller
app.kubernetes.io/instance: ingress-nginx
app.kubernetes.io/name: ingress-nginx
type: ClusterIP
---
apiVersion: apps/v1
kind: Deployment
metadata:
labels:
app.kubernetes.io/component: controller
app.kubernetes.io/instance: ingress-nginx
app.kubernetes.io/name: ingress-nginx
app.kubernetes.io/part-of: ingress-nginx
app.kubernetes.io/version: 1.3.1
name: ingress-nginx-controller
namespace: ingress-nginx
spec:
minReadySeconds: 0
revisionHistoryLimit: 10
selector:
matchLabels:
app.kubernetes.io/component: controller
app.kubernetes.io/instance: ingress-nginx
app.kubernetes.io/name: ingress-nginx
template:
metadata:
labels:
app.kubernetes.io/component: controller
app.kubernetes.io/instance: ingress-nginx
app.kubernetes.io/name: ingress-nginx
spec:
hostNetwork: true
containers:
- args:
- /nginx-ingress-controller
- --election-id=ingress-controller-leader
- --controller-class=k8s.io/ingress-nginx
- --ingress-class=nginx
- --configmap=$(POD_NAMESPACE)/ingress-nginx-controller
- --validating-webhook=:8443
- --validating-webhook-certificate=/usr/local/certificates/cert
- --validating-webhook-key=/usr/local/certificates/key
env:
- name: POD_NAME
valueFrom:
fieldRef:
fieldPath: metadata.name
- name: POD_NAMESPACE
valueFrom:
fieldRef:
fieldPath: metadata.namespace
- name: LD_PRELOAD
value: /usr/local/lib/libmimalloc.so
image: dyrnq/ingress-nginx-controller:v1.3.1
imagePullPolicy: IfNotPresent
lifecycle:
preStop:
exec:
command:
- /wait-shutdown
livenessProbe:
failureThreshold: 5
httpGet:
path: /healthz
port: 10254
scheme: HTTP
initialDelaySeconds: 10
periodSeconds: 10
successThreshold: 1
timeoutSeconds: 1
name: controller
ports:
- containerPort: 80
name: http
protocol: TCP
- containerPort: 443
name: https
protocol: TCP
- containerPort: 8443
name: webhook
protocol: TCP
readinessProbe:
failureThreshold: 3
httpGet:
path: /healthz
port: 10254
scheme: HTTP
initialDelaySeconds: 10
periodSeconds: 10
successThreshold: 1
timeoutSeconds: 1
resources:
requests:
cpu: 100m
memory: 90Mi
securityContext:
allowPrivilegeEscalation: true
capabilities:
add:
- NET_BIND_SERVICE
drop:
- ALL
runAsUser: 101
volumeMounts:
- mountPath: /usr/local/certificates/
name: webhook-cert
readOnly: true
dnsPolicy: ClusterFirst
nodeSelector:
kubernetes.io/os: linux
serviceAccountName: ingress-nginx
terminationGracePeriodSeconds: 300
volumes:
- name: webhook-cert
secret:
secretName: ingress-nginx-admission
---
apiVersion: batch/v1
kind: Job
metadata:
labels:
app.kubernetes.io/component: admission-webhook
app.kubernetes.io/instance: ingress-nginx
app.kubernetes.io/name: ingress-nginx
app.kubernetes.io/part-of: ingress-nginx
app.kubernetes.io/version: 1.3.1
name: ingress-nginx-admission-create
namespace: ingress-nginx
spec:
template:
metadata:
labels:
app.kubernetes.io/component: admission-webhook
app.kubernetes.io/instance: ingress-nginx
app.kubernetes.io/name: ingress-nginx
app.kubernetes.io/part-of: ingress-nginx
app.kubernetes.io/version: 1.3.1
name: ingress-nginx-admission-create
spec:
containers:
- args:
- create
- --host=ingress-nginx-controller-admission,ingress-nginx-controller-admission.$(POD_NAMESPACE).svc
- --namespace=$(POD_NAMESPACE)
- --secret-name=ingress-nginx-admission
env:
- name: POD_NAMESPACE
valueFrom:
fieldRef:
fieldPath: metadata.namespace
image: dyrnq/kube-webhook-certgen:v1.3.0
imagePullPolicy: IfNotPresent
name: create
securityContext:
allowPrivilegeEscalation: false
nodeSelector:
kubernetes.io/os: linux
restartPolicy: OnFailure
securityContext:
fsGroup: 2000
runAsNonRoot: true
runAsUser: 2000
serviceAccountName: ingress-nginx-admission
---
apiVersion: batch/v1
kind: Job
metadata:
labels:
app.kubernetes.io/component: admission-webhook
app.kubernetes.io/instance: ingress-nginx
app.kubernetes.io/name: ingress-nginx
app.kubernetes.io/part-of: ingress-nginx
app.kubernetes.io/version: 1.3.1
name: ingress-nginx-admission-patch
namespace: ingress-nginx
spec:
template:
metadata:
labels:
app.kubernetes.io/component: admission-webhook
app.kubernetes.io/instance: ingress-nginx
app.kubernetes.io/name: ingress-nginx
app.kubernetes.io/part-of: ingress-nginx
app.kubernetes.io/version: 1.3.1
name: ingress-nginx-admission-patch
spec:
containers:
- args:
- patch
- --webhook-name=ingress-nginx-admission
- --namespace=$(POD_NAMESPACE)
- --patch-mutating=false
- --secret-name=ingress-nginx-admission
- --patch-failure-policy=Fail
env:
- name: POD_NAMESPACE
valueFrom:
fieldRef:
fieldPath: metadata.namespace
image: dyrnq/kube-webhook-certgen:v1.3.0
imagePullPolicy: IfNotPresent
name: patch
securityContext:
allowPrivilegeEscalation: false
nodeSelector:
kubernetes.io/os: linux
restartPolicy: OnFailure
securityContext:
fsGroup: 2000
runAsNonRoot: true
runAsUser: 2000
serviceAccountName: ingress-nginx-admission
---
apiVersion: networking.k8s.io/v1
kind: IngressClass
metadata:
labels:
app.kubernetes.io/component: controller
app.kubernetes.io/instance: ingress-nginx
app.kubernetes.io/name: ingress-nginx
app.kubernetes.io/part-of: ingress-nginx
app.kubernetes.io/version: 1.3.1
name: nginx
spec:
controller: k8s.io/ingress-nginx
---
apiVersion: admissionregistration.k8s.io/v1
kind: ValidatingWebhookConfiguration
metadata:
labels:
app.kubernetes.io/component: admission-webhook
app.kubernetes.io/instance: ingress-nginx
app.kubernetes.io/name: ingress-nginx
app.kubernetes.io/part-of: ingress-nginx
app.kubernetes.io/version: 1.3.1
name: ingress-nginx-admission
webhooks:
- admissionReviewVersions:
- v1
clientConfig:
service:
name: ingress-nginx-controller-admission
namespace: ingress-nginx
path: /networking/v1/ingresses
failurePolicy: Fail
matchPolicy: Equivalent
name: validate.nginx.ingress.kubernetes.io
rules:
- apiGroups:
- networking.k8s.io
apiVersions:
- v1
operations:
- CREATE
- UPDATE
resources:
- ingresses
sideEffects: None
[root@k8s-master ingress-controller]# grep image deploy.yaml
image: dyrnq/ingress-nginx-controller:v1.3.1
imagePullPolicy: IfNotPresent
image: dyrnq/kube-webhook-certgen:v1.3.0
imagePullPolicy: IfNotPresent
image: dyrnq/kube-webhook-certgen:v1.3.0
imagePullPolicy: IfNotPresent
加个主机网络：
在这个位置
400 spec:
401 minReadySeconds: 0
402 revisionHistoryLimit: 10
403 selector:
404 matchLabels:
405 app.kubernetes.io/component: controller
406 app.kubernetes.io/instance: ingress-nginx
407 app.kubernetes.io/name: ingress-nginx
408 template:
409 metadata:
410 labels:
411 app.kubernetes.io/component: controller
412 app.kubernetes.io/instance: ingress-nginx
413 app.kubernetes.io/name: ingress-nginx
414 spec:
415 hostNetwork: true
[root@k8s-master ingress-controller]# kubectl apply -f deploy.yaml
namespace/ingress-nginx created
serviceaccount/ingress-nginx created
serviceaccount/ingress-nginx-admission created
role.rbac.authorization.k8s.io/ingress-nginx created
role.rbac.authorization.k8s.io/ingress-nginx-admission created
clusterrole.rbac.authorization.k8s.io/ingress-nginx created
clusterrole.rbac.authorization.k8s.io/ingress-nginx-admission created
rolebinding.rbac.authorization.k8s.io/ingress-nginx created
rolebinding.rbac.authorization.k8s.io/ingress-nginx-admission created
clusterrolebinding.rbac.authorization.k8s.io/ingress-nginx created
clusterrolebinding.rbac.authorization.k8s.io/ingress-nginx-admission created
configmap/ingress-nginx-controller created
service/ingress-nginx-controller created
service/ingress-nginx-controller-admission created
deployment.apps/ingress-nginx-controller created
job.batch/ingress-nginx-admission-create created
job.batch/ingress-nginx-admission-patch created
ingressclass.networking.k8s.io/nginx created
validatingwebhookconfiguration.admissionregistration.k8s.io/ingress-nginx-admission created
# 查看ingress-nginx
[root@k8s-master ingress-controller]# kubectl get ns
NAME STATUS AGE
default Active 138d
dev Active 20d
ingress-nginx Active 86s
kube-flannel Active 19d
kube-node-lease Active 138d
kube-public Active 138d
kube-system Active 138d
[root@k8s-master ingress-controller]# kubectl get pods -n ingress-nginx
NAME READY STATUS RESTARTS AGE
ingress-nginx-admission-create-wlzfp 0/1 Completed 0 95s
ingress-nginx-admission-patch-7t9zq 0/1 Completed 1 95s
ingress-nginx-controller-687f6cb7c5-l6cwl 1/1 Running 0 95s
# 查看service
[root@k8s-master ingress-controller]# kubectl get svc -n ingress-nginx
NAME TYPE CLUSTER-IP EXTERNAL-IP PORT(S) AGE
ingress-nginx-controller NodePort 10.102.7.12 <none> 80:31310/TCP,443:31868/TCP 103s
ingress-nginx-controller-admission ClusterIP 10.100.63.61 <none> 443/TCP 103s
- 简介：cloud，云，cloud是在云厂商上部署，阿里云主机，腾讯云主机，云厂商里面有负载均衡器，借其可以实现负载均衡
- 自己搭建的是位于裸机，裸金属
- baremetal面向裸机
准备service和pod
为了后面的实验比较方便，创建如下图所示的模型
创建tomcat-nginx.yaml
[root@k8s-master ingress-controller]# vi tomcat-nginx.yaml
[root@k8s-master ingress-controller]# cat tomcat-nginx.yaml
apiVersion: apps/v1
kind: Deployment
metadata:
name: nginx-deployment
namespace: dev
spec:
replicas: 3
selector:
matchLabels:
app: nginx-pod
template:
metadata:
labels:
app: nginx-pod
spec:
containers:
- name: nginx
image: nginx:1.17.1
ports:
- containerPort: 80
---
apiVersion: apps/v1
kind: Deployment
metadata:
name: tomcat-deployment
namespace: dev
spec:
replicas: 3
selector:
matchLabels:
app: tomcat-pod
template:
metadata:
labels:
app: tomcat-pod
spec:
containers:
- name: tomcat
image: tomcat:8.5-jre10-slim
ports:
- containerPort: 8080
---
apiVersion: v1
kind: Service
metadata:
name: nginx-service
namespace: dev
spec:
selector:
app: nginx-pod
clusterIP: None
type: ClusterIP
ports:
- port: 80
targetPort: 80
---
apiVersion: v1
kind: Service
metadata:
name: tomcat-service
namespace: dev
spec:
selector:
app: tomcat-pod
clusterIP: None
type: ClusterIP
ports:
- port: 8080
targetPort: 8080
[root@k8s-master ingress-controller]# kubectl apply -f tomcat-nginx.yaml
deployment.apps/nginx-deployment created
deployment.apps/tomcat-deployment created
service/nginx-service created
service/tomcat-service created
# 查看
[root@k8s-master ingress-controller]# kubectl get pods -n dev
NAME READY STATUS RESTARTS AGE
nginx-deployment-6fdb77cb4-dmsk4 1/1 Running 0 3m32s
nginx-deployment-6fdb77cb4-hdbh2 1/1 Running 0 3m32s
nginx-deployment-6fdb77cb4-xbs5h 1/1 Running 0 3m32s
tomcat-deployment-96986c7bd-4lg4r 1/1 Running 0 3m32s
tomcat-deployment-96986c7bd-6n8rn 1/1 Running 0 3m32s
tomcat-deployment-96986c7bd-z8h89 1/1 Running 0 3m32s
[root@k8s-master ingress-controller]# kubectl get pods -n dev -o wide
NAME READY STATUS RESTARTS AGE IP NODE NOMINATED NODE READINESS GATES
nginx-deployment-6fdb77cb4-dmsk4 1/1 Running 0 3m34s 10.244.1.46 k8s-node1 <none> <none>
nginx-deployment-6fdb77cb4-hdbh2 1/1 Running 0 3m34s 10.244.2.56 k8s-node2 <none> <none>
nginx-deployment-6fdb77cb4-xbs5h 1/1 Running 0 3m34s 10.244.2.55 k8s-node2 <none> <none>
tomcat-deployment-96986c7bd-4lg4r 1/1 Running 0 3m34s 10.244.1.47 k8s-node1 <none> <none>
tomcat-deployment-96986c7bd-6n8rn 1/1 Running 0 3m34s 10.244.2.57 k8s-node2 <none> <none>
tomcat-deployment-96986c7bd-z8h89 1/1 Running 0 3m34s 10.244.1.48 k8s-node1 <none>
[root@k8s-master ingress-controller]# kubectl run centos2 --image centos -n dev -- /bin/sleep 9000
pod/centos2 created
[root@k8s-master ingress-controller]# kubectl get pods -n dev
NAME READY STATUS RESTARTS AGE
centos2 1/1 Running 0 2m5s
nginx-deployment-6fdb77cb4-dmsk4 1/1 Running 0 23m
nginx-deployment-6fdb77cb4-hdbh2 1/1 Running 0 23m
nginx-deployment-6fdb77cb4-xbs5h 1/1 Running 0 23m
tomcat-deployment-96986c7bd-4lg4r 1/1 Running 0 23m
tomcat-deployment-96986c7bd-6n8rn 1/1 Running 0 23m
tomcat-deployment-96986c7bd-z8h89 1/1 Running 0 23m
# 通过svc来访问资源
[root@k8s-master ingress-controller]# kubectl get svc -n dev
NAME TYPE CLUSTER-IP EXTERNAL-IP PORT(S) AGE
nginx-service ClusterIP None <none> 80/TCP 23m
tomcat-service ClusterIP None <none> 8080/TCP 23m
# 进入镜像
[root@k8s-master ingress-controller]# kubectl exec -itn dev centos2 -- /bin/bash
[root@centos2 /]# curl nginx-service
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<title>Welcome to nginx!</title>
<style>
body {
width: 35em;
margin: 0 auto;
font-family: Tahoma, Verdana, Arial, sans-serif;
}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<h1>Welcome to nginx!</h1>
<p>If you see this page, the nginx web server is successfully installed and
working. Further configuration is required.</p>
<p>For online documentation and support please refer to
<a href="http://nginx.org/">nginx.org</a>.<br/>
Commercial support is available at
<a href="http://nginx.com/">nginx.com</a>.</p>
<p><em>Thank you for using nginx.</em></p>
</body>
</html>
# 创建的svc是有效的，在后端可以访问，下面做转发
6.5.1.1Http代理—制作转发
- 创建ingress-http.yaml
[root@k8s-master ingress-controller]# cat ingress-http.yaml
apiVersion: networking.k8s.io/v1
kind: Ingress
metadata:
name: ingress-http
namespace: dev
spec:
ingressClassName: nginx
rules:
- host: nginx.wjmz.com
http:
paths:
- path: /
pathType: Prefix
backend:
service:
name: nginx-service
port:
number: 80
- host: tomcat.wjmz.com
http:
paths:
- path: /
pathType: Prefix
backend:
service:
name: tomcat-service
port:
number: 8080
# ingressClassName 可以指定选择的 Ingress Controller，使用名称选择，一般有多个控制器的时候使用。
部署 Nginx Ingress Controller 的名称是 nginx。
[root@k8s-master ingress-controller]# kubectl get -f ingress-http.yaml
NAME CLASS HOSTS ADDRESS PORTS AGE
ingress-http nginx nginx.wjmz.com,tomcat.wjmz.com 192.168.207.11 80 95s
[root@k8s-master ingress-controller]# kubectl get svc -n ingress-nginx
NAME TYPE CLUSTER-IP EXTERNAL-IP PORT(S) AGE
ingress-nginx-controller NodePort 10.102.7.12 <none> 80:31310/TCP,443:31868/TCP 92m
ingress-nginx-controller-admission ClusterIP 10.100.63.61 <none> 443/TCP 92m
- 修改hosts文件，使其可以不加端口号访问
6.5.1.2 控制器在多个节点上部署
- 将之前创建的删除
[root@k8s-master ingress-controller]# kubectl delete -f tomcat-nginx.yaml
deployment.apps "nginx-deployment" deleted
deployment.apps "tomcat-deployment" deleted
service "nginx-service" deleted
service "tomcat-service" deleted
[root@k8s-master ingress-controller]# kubectl delete -f deploy.yaml
namespace "ingress-nginx" deleted
serviceaccount "ingress-nginx" deleted
serviceaccount "ingress-nginx-admission" deleted
role.rbac.authorization.k8s.io "ingress-nginx" deleted
role.rbac.authorization.k8s.io "ingress-nginx-admission" deleted
clusterrole.rbac.authorization.k8s.io "ingress-nginx" deleted
clusterrole.rbac.authorization.k8s.io "ingress-nginx-admission" deleted
rolebinding.rbac.authorization.k8s.io "ingress-nginx" deleted
rolebinding.rbac.authorization.k8s.io "ingress-nginx-admission" deleted
clusterrolebinding.rbac.authorization.k8s.io "ingress-nginx" deleted
clusterrolebinding.rbac.authorization.k8s.io "ingress-nginx-admission" deleted
configmap "ingress-nginx-controller" deleted
service "ingress-nginx-controller" deleted
service "ingress-nginx-controller-admission" deleted
deployment.apps "ingress-nginx-controller" deleted
job.batch "ingress-nginx-admission-create" deleted
job.batch "ingress-nginx-admission-patch" deleted
ingressclass.networking.k8s.io "nginx" deleted
validatingwebhookconfiguration.admissionregistration.k8s.io "ingress-nginx-admission" deleted
[root@k8s-master ingress-controller]# kubectl get pods -n ingress-nginx
No resources found in ingress-nginx namespace.
[root@k8s-master ingress-controller]# kubectl get pods -n dev
NAME READY STATUS RESTARTS AGE
centos2 1/1 Running 0 101m
[root@k8s-master ingress-controller]# cp deploy.yaml deploy.yaml_bak
# 在所有节点都有一个控制器，有几个节点就有几个控制器
[root@k8s-master ingress-controller]# vi deploy.yaml
[root@k8s-master ingress-controller]# cat deploy.yaml
apiVersion: v1
kind: Namespace
metadata:
labels:
app.kubernetes.io/instance: ingress-nginx
app.kubernetes.io/name: ingress-nginx
name: ingress-nginx
---
apiVersion: v1
automountServiceAccountToken: true
kind: ServiceAccount
metadata:
labels:
app.kubernetes.io/component: controller
app.kubernetes.io/instance: ingress-nginx
app.kubernetes.io/name: ingress-nginx
app.kubernetes.io/part-of: ingress-nginx
app.kubernetes.io/version: 1.3.1
name: ingress-nginx
namespace: ingress-nginx
---
apiVersion: v1
kind: ServiceAccount
metadata:
labels:
app.kubernetes.io/component: admission-webhook
app.kubernetes.io/instance: ingress-nginx
app.kubernetes.io/name: ingress-nginx
app.kubernetes.io/part-of: ingress-nginx
app.kubernetes.io/version: 1.3.1
name: ingress-nginx-admission
namespace: ingress-nginx
---
apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1
kind: Role
metadata:
labels:
app.kubernetes.io/component: controller
app.kubernetes.io/instance: ingress-nginx
app.kubernetes.io/name: ingress-nginx
app.kubernetes.io/part-of: ingress-nginx
app.kubernetes.io/version: 1.3.1
name: ingress-nginx
namespace: ingress-nginx
rules:
- apiGroups:
- ""
resources:
- namespaces
verbs:
- get
- apiGroups:
- ""
resources:
- configmaps
- pods
- secrets
- endpoints
verbs:
- get
- list
- watch
- apiGroups:
- ""
resources:
- services
verbs:
- get
- list
- watch
- apiGroups:
- networking.k8s.io
resources:
- ingresses
verbs:
- get
- list
- watch
- apiGroups:
- networking.k8s.io
resources:
- ingresses/status
verbs:
- update
- apiGroups:
- networking.k8s.io
resources:
- ingressclasses
verbs:
- get
- list
- watch
- apiGroups:
- ""
resourceNames:
- ingress-controller-leader
resources:
- configmaps
verbs:
- get
- update
- apiGroups:
- ""
resources:
- configmaps
verbs:
- create
- apiGroups:
- coordination.k8s.io
resourceNames:
- ingress-controller-leader
resources:
- leases
verbs:
- get
- update
- apiGroups:
- coordination.k8s.io
resources:
- leases
verbs:
- create
- apiGroups:
- ""
resources:
- events
verbs:
- create
- patch
---
apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1
kind: Role
metadata:
labels:
app.kubernetes.io/component: admission-webhook
app.kubernetes.io/instance: ingress-nginx
app.kubernetes.io/name: ingress-nginx
app.kubernetes.io/part-of: ingress-nginx
app.kubernetes.io/version: 1.3.1
name: ingress-nginx-admission
namespace: ingress-nginx
rules:
- apiGroups:
- ""
resources:
- secrets
verbs:
- get
- create
---
apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1
kind: ClusterRole
metadata:
labels:
app.kubernetes.io/instance: ingress-nginx
app.kubernetes.io/name: ingress-nginx
app.kubernetes.io/part-of: ingress-nginx
app.kubernetes.io/version: 1.3.1
name: ingress-nginx
rules:
- apiGroups:
- ""
resources:
- configmaps
- endpoints
- nodes
- pods
- secrets
- namespaces
verbs:
- list
- watch
- apiGroups:
- coordination.k8s.io
resources:
- leases
verbs:
- list
- watch
- apiGroups:
- ""
resources:
- nodes
verbs:
- get
- apiGroups:
- ""
resources:
- services
verbs:
- get
- list
- watch
- apiGroups:
- networking.k8s.io
resources:
- ingresses
verbs:
- get
- list
- watch
- apiGroups:
- ""
resources:
- events
verbs:
- create
- patch
- apiGroups:
- networking.k8s.io
resources:
- ingresses/status
verbs:
- update
- apiGroups:
- networking.k8s.io
resources:
- ingressclasses
verbs:
- get
- list
- watch
---
apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1
kind: ClusterRole
metadata:
labels:
app.kubernetes.io/component: admission-webhook
app.kubernetes.io/instance: ingress-nginx
app.kubernetes.io/name: ingress-nginx
app.kubernetes.io/part-of: ingress-nginx
app.kubernetes.io/version: 1.3.1
name: ingress-nginx-admission
rules:
- apiGroups:
- admissionregistration.k8s.io
resources:
- validatingwebhookconfigurations
verbs:
- get
- update
---
apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1
kind: RoleBinding
metadata:
labels:
app.kubernetes.io/component: controller
app.kubernetes.io/instance: ingress-nginx
app.kubernetes.io/name: ingress-nginx
app.kubernetes.io/part-of: ingress-nginx
app.kubernetes.io/version: 1.3.1
name: ingress-nginx
namespace: ingress-nginx
roleRef:
apiGroup: rbac.authorization.k8s.io
kind: Role
name: ingress-nginx
subjects:
- kind: ServiceAccount
name: ingress-nginx
namespace: ingress-nginx
---
apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1
kind: RoleBinding
metadata:
labels:
app.kubernetes.io/component: admission-webhook
app.kubernetes.io/instance: ingress-nginx
app.kubernetes.io/name: ingress-nginx
app.kubernetes.io/part-of: ingress-nginx
app.kubernetes.io/version: 1.3.1
name: ingress-nginx-admission
namespace: ingress-nginx
roleRef:
apiGroup: rbac.authorization.k8s.io
kind: Role
name: ingress-nginx-admission
subjects:
- kind: ServiceAccount
name: ingress-nginx-admission
namespace: ingress-nginx
---
apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1
kind: ClusterRoleBinding
metadata:
labels:
app.kubernetes.io/instance: ingress-nginx
app.kubernetes.io/name: ingress-nginx
app.kubernetes.io/part-of: ingress-nginx
app.kubernetes.io/version: 1.3.1
name: ingress-nginx
roleRef:
apiGroup: rbac.authorization.k8s.io
kind: ClusterRole
name: ingress-nginx
subjects:
- kind: ServiceAccount
name: ingress-nginx
namespace: ingress-nginx
---
apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1
kind: ClusterRoleBinding
metadata:
labels:
app.kubernetes.io/component: admission-webhook
app.kubernetes.io/instance: ingress-nginx
app.kubernetes.io/name: ingress-nginx
app.kubernetes.io/part-of: ingress-nginx
app.kubernetes.io/version: 1.3.1
name: ingress-nginx-admission
roleRef:
apiGroup: rbac.authorization.k8s.io
kind: ClusterRole
name: ingress-nginx-admission
subjects:
- kind: ServiceAccount
name: ingress-nginx-admission
namespace: ingress-nginx
---
apiVersion: v1
data:
allow-snippet-annotations: "true"
kind: ConfigMap
metadata:
labels:
app.kubernetes.io/component: controller
app.kubernetes.io/instance: ingress-nginx
app.kubernetes.io/name: ingress-nginx
app.kubernetes.io/part-of: ingress-nginx
app.kubernetes.io/version: 1.3.1
name: ingress-nginx-controller
namespace: ingress-nginx
---
apiVersion: v1
kind: Service
metadata:
labels:
app.kubernetes.io/component: controller
app.kubernetes.io/instance: ingress-nginx
app.kubernetes.io/name: ingress-nginx
app.kubernetes.io/part-of: ingress-nginx
app.kubernetes.io/version: 1.3.1
name: ingress-nginx-controller
namespace: ingress-nginx
spec:
ipFamilies:
- IPv4
ipFamilyPolicy: SingleStack
ports:
- appProtocol: http
name: http
port: 80
protocol: TCP
targetPort: http
- appProtocol: https
name: https
port: 443
protocol: TCP
targetPort: https
selector:
app.kubernetes.io/component: controller
app.kubernetes.io/instance: ingress-nginx
app.kubernetes.io/name: ingress-nginx
type: NodePort
---
apiVersion: v1
kind: Service
metadata:
labels:
app.kubernetes.io/component: controller
app.kubernetes.io/instance: ingress-nginx
app.kubernetes.io/name: ingress-nginx
app.kubernetes.io/part-of: ingress-nginx
app.kubernetes.io/version: 1.3.1
name: ingress-nginx-controller-admission
namespace: ingress-nginx
spec:
ports:
- appProtocol: https
name: https-webhook
port: 443
targetPort: webhook
selector:
app.kubernetes.io/component: controller
app.kubernetes.io/instance: ingress-nginx
app.kubernetes.io/name: ingress-nginx
type: ClusterIP
---
apiVersion: apps/v1
kind: Deployment
metadata:
labels:
app.kubernetes.io/component: controller
app.kubernetes.io/instance: ingress-nginx
app.kubernetes.io/name: ingress-nginx
app.kubernetes.io/part-of: ingress-nginx
app.kubernetes.io/version: 1.3.1
name: ingress-nginx-controller
namespace: ingress-nginx
spec:
replicas: 2
minReadySeconds: 0
revisionHistoryLimit: 10
selector:
matchLabels:
app.kubernetes.io/component: controller
app.kubernetes.io/instance: ingress-nginx
app.kubernetes.io/name: ingress-nginx
template:
metadata:
labels:
app.kubernetes.io/component: controller
app.kubernetes.io/instance: ingress-nginx
app.kubernetes.io/name: ingress-nginx
spec:
hostNetwork: true
containers:
- args:
- /nginx-ingress-controller
- --election-id=ingress-controller-leader
- --controller-class=k8s.io/ingress-nginx
- --ingress-class=nginx
- --configmap=$(POD_NAMESPACE)/ingress-nginx-controller
- --validating-webhook=:8443
- --validating-webhook-certificate=/usr/local/certificates/cert
- --validating-webhook-key=/usr/local/certificates/key
env:
- name: POD_NAME
valueFrom:
fieldRef:
fieldPath: metadata.name
- name: POD_NAMESPACE
valueFrom:
fieldRef:
fieldPath: metadata.namespace
- name: LD_PRELOAD
value: /usr/local/lib/libmimalloc.so
image: dyrnq/ingress-nginx-controller:v1.3.1
imagePullPolicy: IfNotPresent
lifecycle:
preStop:
exec:
command:
- /wait-shutdown
livenessProbe:
failureThreshold: 5
httpGet:
path: /healthz
port: 10254
scheme: HTTP
initialDelaySeconds: 10
periodSeconds: 10
successThreshold: 1
timeoutSeconds: 1
name: controller
ports:
- containerPort: 80
name: http
protocol: TCP
- containerPort: 443
name: https
protocol: TCP
- containerPort: 8443
name: webhook
protocol: TCP
readinessProbe:
failureThreshold: 3
httpGet:
path: /healthz
port: 10254
scheme: HTTP
initialDelaySeconds: 10
periodSeconds: 10
successThreshold: 1
timeoutSeconds: 1
resources:
requests:
cpu: 100m
memory: 90Mi
securityContext:
allowPrivilegeEscalation: true
capabilities:
add:
- NET_BIND_SERVICE
drop:
- ALL
runAsUser: 101
volumeMounts:
- mountPath: /usr/local/certificates/
name: webhook-cert
readOnly: true
dnsPolicy: ClusterFirst
nodeSelector:
kubernetes.io/os: linux
app: ingress-controller
serviceAccountName: ingress-nginx
terminationGracePeriodSeconds: 300
volumes:
- name: webhook-cert
secret:
secretName: ingress-nginx-admission
---
apiVersion: batch/v1
kind: Job
metadata:
labels:
app.kubernetes.io/component: admission-webhook
app.kubernetes.io/instance: ingress-nginx
app.kubernetes.io/name: ingress-nginx
app.kubernetes.io/part-of: ingress-nginx
app.kubernetes.io/version: 1.3.1
name: ingress-nginx-admission-create
namespace: ingress-nginx
spec:
template:
metadata:
labels:
app.kubernetes.io/component: admission-webhook
app.kubernetes.io/instance: ingress-nginx
app.kubernetes.io/name: ingress-nginx
app.kubernetes.io/part-of: ingress-nginx
app.kubernetes.io/version: 1.3.1
name: ingress-nginx-admission-create
spec:
containers:
- args:
- create
- --host=ingress-nginx-controller-admission,ingress-nginx-controller-admission.$(POD_NAMESPACE).svc
- --namespace=$(POD_NAMESPACE)
- --secret-name=ingress-nginx-admission
env:
- name: POD_NAMESPACE
valueFrom:
fieldRef:
fieldPath: metadata.namespace
image: dyrnq/kube-webhook-certgen:v1.3.0
imagePullPolicy: IfNotPresent
name: create
securityContext:
allowPrivilegeEscalation: false
nodeSelector:
kubernetes.io/os: linux
restartPolicy: OnFailure
securityContext:
fsGroup: 2000
runAsNonRoot: true
runAsUser: 2000
serviceAccountName: ingress-nginx-admission
---
apiVersion: batch/v1
kind: Job
metadata:
labels:
app.kubernetes.io/component: admission-webhook
app.kubernetes.io/instance: ingress-nginx
app.kubernetes.io/name: ingress-nginx
app.kubernetes.io/part-of: ingress-nginx
app.kubernetes.io/version: 1.3.1
name: ingress-nginx-admission-patch
namespace: ingress-nginx
spec:
template:
metadata:
labels:
app.kubernetes.io/component: admission-webhook
app.kubernetes.io/instance: ingress-nginx
app.kubernetes.io/name: ingress-nginx
app.kubernetes.io/part-of: ingress-nginx
app.kubernetes.io/version: 1.3.1
name: ingress-nginx-admission-patch
spec:
containers:
- args:
- patch
- --webhook-name=ingress-nginx-admission
- --namespace=$(POD_NAMESPACE)
- --patch-mutating=false
- --secret-name=ingress-nginx-admission
- --patch-failure-policy=Fail
env:
- name: POD_NAMESPACE
valueFrom:
fieldRef:
fieldPath: metadata.namespace
image: dyrnq/kube-webhook-certgen:v1.3.0
imagePullPolicy: IfNotPresent
name: patch
securityContext:
allowPrivilegeEscalation: false
nodeSelector:
kubernetes.io/os: linux
restartPolicy: OnFailure
securityContext:
fsGroup: 2000
runAsNonRoot: true
runAsUser: 2000
serviceAccountName: ingress-nginx-admission
---
apiVersion: networking.k8s.io/v1
kind: IngressClass
metadata:
labels:
app.kubernetes.io/component: controller
app.kubernetes.io/instance: ingress-nginx
app.kubernetes.io/name: ingress-nginx
app.kubernetes.io/part-of: ingress-nginx
app.kubernetes.io/version: 1.3.1
name: nginx
spec:
controller: k8s.io/ingress-nginx
---
apiVersion: admissionregistration.k8s.io/v1
kind: ValidatingWebhookConfiguration
metadata:
labels:
app.kubernetes.io/component: admission-webhook
app.kubernetes.io/instance: ingress-nginx
app.kubernetes.io/name: ingress-nginx
app.kubernetes.io/part-of: ingress-nginx
app.kubernetes.io/version: 1.3.1
name: ingress-nginx-admission
webhooks:
- admissionReviewVersions:
- v1
clientConfig:
service:
name: ingress-nginx-controller-admission
namespace: ingress-nginx
path: /networking/v1/ingresses
failurePolicy: Fail
matchPolicy: Equivalent
name: validate.nginx.ingress.kubernetes.io
rules:
- apiGroups:
- networking.k8s.io
apiVersions:
- v1
operations:
- CREATE
- UPDATE
resources:
- ingresses
sideEffects: None
# 确保有两个控制器，加标签
493 nodeSelector:
494 kubernetes.io/os: linux
495 app: ingress-controller###添加
496 serviceAccountName: ingress-nginx
497 terminationGracePeriodSeconds: 300
498 volumes:
499 - name: webhook-cert
500 secret:
501 secretName: ingress-nginx-admission
502 ---
503 apiVersion: batch/v1
[root@k8s-master ingress-controller]# kubectl apply -f deploy.yaml
namespace/ingress-nginx created
serviceaccount/ingress-nginx created
serviceaccount/ingress-nginx-admission created
role.rbac.authorization.k8s.io/ingress-nginx created
role.rbac.authorization.k8s.io/ingress-nginx-admission created
clusterrole.rbac.authorization.k8s.io/ingress-nginx created
clusterrole.rbac.authorization.k8s.io/ingress-nginx-admission created
rolebinding.rbac.authorization.k8s.io/ingress-nginx created
rolebinding.rbac.authorization.k8s.io/ingress-nginx-admission created
clusterrolebinding.rbac.authorization.k8s.io/ingress-nginx created
clusterrolebinding.rbac.authorization.k8s.io/ingress-nginx-admission created
configmap/ingress-nginx-controller created
service/ingress-nginx-controller created
service/ingress-nginx-controller-admission created
deployment.apps/ingress-nginx-controller created
job.batch/ingress-nginx-admission-create created
job.batch/ingress-nginx-admission-patch created
ingressclass.networking.k8s.io/nginx created
validatingwebhookconfiguration.admissionregistration.k8s.io/ingress-nginx-admission created
[root@k8s-master ingress-controller]# kubectl get pods -n ingress-nginx
NAME READY STATUS RESTARTS AGE
ingress-nginx-admission-create-ld9h5 0/1 Completed 0 24s
ingress-nginx-admission-patch-q85pl 0/1 Completed 1 24s
ingress-nginx-controller-67cc8878b-mb4mw 0/1 Pending 0 24s
ingress-nginx-controller-67cc8878b-smfjk 0/1 Pending 0 24s
# 处于pending,没有满足标签选择器所定义的标签，给节点添加标签之后可以运行
# 给node1打标签，可以看到节点1运行起来了
[root@k8s-master ingress-controller]# kubectl label node k8s-node1 app=ingress-controller
node/k8s-node1 labeled
[root@k8s-master ingress-controller]# kubectl get pods -n ingress-nginx
NAME READY STATUS RESTARTS AGE
ingress-nginx-admission-create-ld9h5 0/1 Completed 0 51s
ingress-nginx-admission-patch-q85pl 0/1 Completed 1 51s
ingress-nginx-controller-67cc8878b-mb4mw 0/1 ContainerCreating 0 51s
ingress-nginx-controller-67cc8878b-smfjk 0/1 Pending 0 51s
[root@k8s-master ingress-controller]# kubectl get pods -n ingress-nginx
NAME READY STATUS RESTARTS AGE
ingress-nginx-admission-create-ld9h5 0/1 Completed 0 52s
ingress-nginx-admission-patch-q85pl 0/1 Completed 1 52s
ingress-nginx-controller-67cc8878b-mb4mw 0/1 Running 0 52s
ingress-nginx-controller-67cc8878b-smfjk 0/1 Pending 0 52s
# # 给node2打标签，可以看到节点2运行起来了v
[root@k8s-master ingress-controller]# kubectl label node k8s-node2 app=ingress-controller
node/k8s-node2 labeled
[root@k8s-master ingress-controller]# kubectl get pods -n ingress-nginx
NAME READY STATUS RESTARTS AGE
ingress-nginx-admission-create-ld9h5 0/1 Completed 0 60s
ingress-nginx-admission-patch-q85pl 0/1 Completed 1 60s
ingress-nginx-controller-67cc8878b-mb4mw 0/1 Running 0 60s
ingress-nginx-controller-67cc8878b-smfjk 0/1 ContainerCreating 0 60s
[root@k8s-master ingress-controller]# kubectl get pods -n ingress-nginx
NAME READY STATUS RESTARTS AGE
ingress-nginx-admission-create-ld9h5 0/1 Completed 0 61s
ingress-nginx-admission-patch-q85pl 0/1 Completed 1 61s
ingress-nginx-controller-67cc8878b-mb4mw 0/1 Running 0 61s
ingress-nginx-controller-67cc8878b-smfjk 0/1 Running 0 61s
[root@k8s-master ingress-controller]# kubectl get nodes --show-labels
NAME STATUS ROLES AGE VERSION LABELS
k8s-master Ready control-plane 139d v1.27.0 beta.kubernetes.io/arch=amd64,beta.kubernetes.io/os=linux,kubernetes.io/arch=amd64,kubernetes.io/hostname=k8s-master,kubernetes.io/os=linux,node-role.kubernetes.io/control-plane=,node.kubernetes.io/exclude-from-external-load-balancers=
k8s-node1 Ready <none> 139d v1.27.0 app=ingress-controller,beta.kubernetes.io/arch=amd64,beta.kubernetes.io/os=linux,kubernetes.io/arch=amd64,kubernetes.io/hostname=k8s-node1,kubernetes.io/os=linux
k8s-node2 Ready <none> 139d v1.27.0 app=ingress-controller,beta.kubernetes.io/arch=amd64,beta.kubernetes.io/os=linux,kubernetes.io/arch=amd64,kubernetes.io/hostname=k8s-node2,kubernetes.io/os=linux
[root@k8s-master ingress-controller]# cat tomcat-nginx.yaml
apiVersion: apps/v1
kind: Deployment
metadata:
name: nginx-deployment
namespace: dev
spec:
replicas: 3
selector:
matchLabels:
app: nginx-pod
template:
metadata:
labels:
app: nginx-pod
spec:
containers:
- name: nginx
image: nginx:1.17.1
ports:
- containerPort: 80
---
apiVersion: apps/v1
kind: Deployment
metadata:
name: tomcat-deployment
namespace: dev
spec:
replicas: 3
selector:
matchLabels:
app: tomcat-pod
template:
metadata:
labels:
app: tomcat-pod
spec:
containers:
- name: tomcat
image: tomcat:8.5-jre10-slim
ports:
- containerPort: 8080
---
apiVersion: v1
kind: Service
metadata:
name: nginx-service
namespace: dev
spec:
selector:
app: nginx-pod
clusterIP: None
type: ClusterIP
ports:
- port: 80
targetPort: 80
---
apiVersion: v1
kind: Service
metadata:
name: tomcat-service
namespace: dev
spec:
selector:
app: tomcat-pod
clusterIP: None
type: ClusterIP
ports:
- port: 8080
targetPort: 8080
# 运行：pod tomcat-nginx.yaml
[root@k8s-master ingress-controller]# kubectl apply -f tomcat-nginx.yaml
deployment.apps/nginx-deployment created
deployment.apps/tomcat-deployment created
service/nginx-service created
service/tomcat-service created
[root@k8s-master ingress-controller]# kubectl get pods -n dev
NAME READY STATUS RESTARTS AGE
centos2 1/1 Running 8 (13m ago) 20h
nginx-deployment-6fdb77cb4-gqx4j 1/1 Running 0 26s
nginx-deployment-6fdb77cb4-v6jzp 1/1 Running 0 26s
nginx-deployment-6fdb77cb4-wbvd8 1/1 Running 0 26s
tomcat-deployment-96986c7bd-4hvgl 1/1 Running 0 26s
tomcat-deployment-96986c7bd-6x9d9 1/1 Running 0 26s
tomcat-deployment-96986c7bd-xpw4w 1/1 Running 0 26s
[root@k8s-master ingress-controller]# cat ingress-http.yaml
apiVersion: networking.k8s.io/v1
kind: Ingress
metadata:
name: ingress-http
namespace: dev
spec:
ingressClassName: nginx
rules:
- host: nginx.wjmz.com
http:
paths:
- path: /
pathType: Prefix
backend:
service:
name: nginx-service
port:
number: 80
- host: tomcat.wjmz.com
http:
paths:
- path: /
pathType: Prefix
backend:
service:
name: tomcat-service
port:
number: 8080
# 运行控制器
[root@k8s-master ingress-controller]# kubectl apply -f ingress-http.yaml
ingress.networking.k8s.io/ingress-http created
[root@k8s-master ingress-controller]# kubectl get -f ingress-http.yaml
NAME CLASS HOSTS ADDRESS PORTS AGE
ingress-http nginx nginx.wjmz.com,tomcat.wjmz.com 192.168.207.11,192.168.207.12 80 13s
[root@k8s-master ingress-controller]# kubectl get svc -n ingress-nginx
NAME TYPE CLUSTER-IP EXTERNAL-IP PORT(S) AGE
ingress-nginx-controller NodePort 10.96.214.223 <none> 80:32269/TCP,443:32665/TCP 63m
ingress-nginx-controller-admission ClusterIP 10.100.165.211 <none> 443/TCP 63m
固定ip
在deploy.yaml中service中添加两个ip
[root@k8s-master ingress-controller]# kubectl delete -f deploy.yaml
namespace "ingress-nginx" deleted
serviceaccount "ingress-nginx" deleted
serviceaccount "ingress-nginx-admission" deleted
role.rbac.authorization.k8s.io "ingress-nginx" deleted
role.rbac.authorization.k8s.io "ingress-nginx-admission" deleted
clusterrole.rbac.authorization.k8s.io "ingress-nginx" deleted
clusterrole.rbac.authorization.k8s.io "ingress-nginx-admission" deleted
rolebinding.rbac.authorization.k8s.io "ingress-nginx" deleted
rolebinding.rbac.authorization.k8s.io "ingress-nginx-admission" deleted
clusterrolebinding.rbac.authorization.k8s.io "ingress-nginx" deleted
clusterrolebinding.rbac.authorization.k8s.io "ingress-nginx-admission" deleted
configmap "ingress-nginx-controller" deleted
service "ingress-nginx-controller" deleted
service "ingress-nginx-controller-admission" deleted
deployment.apps "ingress-nginx-controller" deleted
job.batch "ingress-nginx-admission-create" deleted
job.batch "ingress-nginx-admission-patch" deleted
ingressclass.networking.k8s.io "nginx" deleted
validatingwebhookconfiguration.admissionregistration.k8s.io "ingress-nginx-admission" deleted
[root@k8s-master ingress-controller]# vi deploy.yaml
345 spec:
346 ipFamilies:
347 - IPv4
348 ipFamilyPolicy: SingleStack
349 ports:
350 - appProtocol: http
351 name: http
352 port: 80
353 nodePort: 30080###添加
354 protocol: TCP
355 targetPort: http
356 - appProtocol: https
357 name: https
358 port: 443
359 nodePort: 30443###添加
360 protocol: TCP
361 targetPort: https
362 selector:
[root@k8s-master ingress-controller]# kubectl apply -f deploy.yaml
namespace/ingress-nginx created
serviceaccount/ingress-nginx created
serviceaccount/ingress-nginx-admission created
role.rbac.authorization.k8s.io/ingress-nginx created
role.rbac.authorization.k8s.io/ingress-nginx-admission created
clusterrole.rbac.authorization.k8s.io/ingress-nginx unchanged
clusterrole.rbac.authorization.k8s.io/ingress-nginx-admission unchanged
rolebinding.rbac.authorization.k8s.io/ingress-nginx created
rolebinding.rbac.authorization.k8s.io/ingress-nginx-admission created
clusterrolebinding.rbac.authorization.k8s.io/ingress-nginx unchanged
clusterrolebinding.rbac.authorization.k8s.io/ingress-nginx-admission unchanged
configmap/ingress-nginx-controller created
service/ingress-nginx-controller created
service/ingress-nginx-controller-admission created
deployment.apps/ingress-nginx-controller created
job.batch/ingress-nginx-admission-create created
job.batch/ingress-nginx-admission-patch created
ingressclass.networking.k8s.io/nginx unchanged
validatingwebhookconfiguration.admissionregistration.k8s.io/ingress-nginx-admission configured
[root@k8s-master ingress-controller]# kubectl get svc -n ingress-nginx
NAME TYPE CLUSTER-IP EXTERNAL-IP PORT(S) AGE
ingress-nginx-controller NodePort 10.99.212.97 <none> 80:30080/TCP,443:30443/TCP 11s
ingress-nginx-controller-admission ClusterIP 10.102.91.41 <none> 443/TCP 11s
# 查看控制器信息
[root@k8s-master ingress-controller]# kubectl describe svc -n ingress-nginx ingress-nginx-controller
Name: ingress-nginx-controller
Namespace: ingress-nginx
Labels: app.kubernetes.io/component=controller
app.kubernetes.io/instance=ingress-nginx
app.kubernetes.io/name=ingress-nginx
app.kubernetes.io/part-of=ingress-nginx
app.kubernetes.io/version=1.3.1
Annotations: <none>
Selector: app.kubernetes.io/component=controller,app.kubernetes.io/instance=ingress-nginx,app.kubernetes.io/name=ingress-nginx
Type: NodePort
IP Family Policy: SingleStack
IP Families: IPv4
IP: 10.99.212.97
IPs: 10.99.212.97
Port: http 80/TCP
TargetPort: http/TCP
NodePort: http 30080/TCP
Endpoints: 192.168.207.11:80,192.168.207.12:80
Port: https 443/TCP
TargetPort: https/TCP
NodePort: https 30443/TCP
Endpoints: 192.168.207.11:443,192.168.207.12:443
Session Affinity: None
External Traffic Policy: Cluster
Events: <none>
6.5.1.3 Https代理
创建证书
[root@k8s-master ~]# mkdir crt
[root@k8s-master ~]# cd crt/
[root@k8s-master crt]# ls
[root@k8s-master crt]# openssl req -x509 -sha256 -nodes -days 365 -newkey rsa:2048 -keyout tls.key -out tls.crt -subj "/C=CN/ST=HB/L=WH/O=nginx/CN=wjmz.com"
Generating a RSA private key
................+++++
.......+++++
writing new private key to 'tls.key'
-----
[root@k8s-master crt]# kubectl create secret tls tls-secret --key tls.key --cert tls.crt
secret/tls-secret created
[root@k8s-master crt]# kubectl get secret
NAME TYPE DATA AGE
tls-secret kubernetes.io/tls 2 5s
[root@k8s-master ingress-controller]# vi ingress-https.yaml
[root@k8s-master ingress-controller]# cat ingress-https.yaml
apiVersion: networking.k8s.io/v1
kind: Ingress
metadata:
name: ingress-https
namespace: dev
spec:
ingressClassName: nginx
tls:
- hosts:
- nginx.wjmz.com
- tomcat.wjmz.com
secretName: tls-secret
rules:
- host: nginx.wjmz.com
http:
paths:
- path: /
pathType: Prefix
backend:
service:
name: nginx-service
port:
number: 80
- host: tomcat.wjmz.com
http:
paths:
- path: /
pathType: Prefix
backend:
service:
name: tomcat-service
port:
number: 8080
# 将之前的http的删除，在创建
[root@k8s-master ingress-controller]# kubectl delete -f ingress-http.yaml
ingress.networking.k8s.io "ingress-http" deleted
[root@k8s-master ingress-controller]# kubectl apply -f ingress-https.yaml
ingress.networking.k8s.io/ingress-https created
# 查看详情
[root@k8s-master ingress-controller]# kubectl get ingress -n dev
NAME CLASS HOSTS ADDRESS PORTS AGE
ingress-https nginx nginx.wjmz.com,tomcat.wjmz.com 192.168.207.11,192.168.207.12 80, 443 52s
[root@k8s-master ingress-controller]# kubectl describe ingress -n dev ingress-https
Name: ingress-https
Labels: <none>
Namespace: dev
Address: 192.168.207.11,192.168.207.12
Ingress Class: nginx
Default backend: <default>
TLS:
tls-secret terminates nginx.wjmz.com,tomcat.wjmz.com
Rules:
Host Path Backends
---- ---- --------
nginx.wjmz.com
/ nginx-service:80 (10.244.1.55:80,10.244.1.57:80,10.244.2.63:80)
tomcat.wjmz.com
/ tomcat-service:8080 (10.244.1.54:8080,10.244.1.56:8080,10.244.2.62:8080)
Annotations: <none>
Events:
Type Reason Age From Message
---- ------ ---- ---- -------
Normal Sync 6s (x2 over 53s) nginx-ingress-controller Scheduled for sync
Normal Sync 6s (x2 over 53s) nginx-ingress-controller Scheduled for sync
[root@k8s-master ingress-controller]# kubectl get svc -n ingress-nginx
NAME TYPE CLUSTER-IP EXTERNAL-IP PORT(S) AGE
ingress-nginx-controller NodePort 10.99.212.97 <none> 80:30080/TCP,443:30443/TCP 86m
ingress-nginx-controller-admission ClusterIP 10.102.91.41 <none> 443/TCP 86m
文章来源:https://blog.csdn.net/whl0102222/article/details/134954047
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本文来自互联网用户投稿，该文观点仅代表作者本人，不代表本站立场。本站仅提供信息存储空间服务，不拥有所有权，不承担相关法律责任。 如若内容造成侵权/违法违规/事实不符，请联系我的编程经验分享网邮箱：chenni525@qq.com进行投诉反馈，一经查实，立即删除！
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