连接点(joinpoint)
被拦截到的点,因为Spring只支持方法类型的连接点,所以在Spring中连接点指的就是被拦截到的方法。
切入点(pointcut)
切入点是指我们要对哪些连接点进行拦截的定义
通知(advice)
所谓通知指的就是指拦截到连接点之后要执行的代码,通知分为前置、后置、异常、最终、环绕通知五类
切面(aspect)
是切入点和通知的结合
引介(introduction)
是一种特殊的通知,在不修改代码的前提下,引介可以在运行期为类动态地添加一些方法或字段
目标对象(Target)
要代理的目标对象(要增强的类)
织入(weave)
将增强应用到目标的过程将advice应用到target的过程
代理(Proxy)
一个类被AOP织入增强之后,就产生一个代理类
配置pom.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<groupId>com.by</groupId>
<artifactId>Spring_AOP_Xml</artifactId>
<version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
<dependencies>
<!-- Spring常用依赖 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>
<version>5.1.8.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
<!--支持切点表达式 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-aspects</artifactId>
<version>5.1.8.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
</project>
dao数据访问层
/**
* 持久层实现类
*/
public class UserDaoImpl implements UserDao {
@Override
public void addUser(){
System.out.println("insert into tb_user......");
}
}
service业务层
/**
* 业务层实现类
*/
public class UserServiceImpl implements UserService {
private UserDao userDao;
public void addUser(){
userDao.addUser();
}
}
applicationContext.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!--注意:添加约束-->
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop
http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop.xsd">
<bean id="userDao" class="com.by.dao.UserDaoImpl"></bean>
<bean id="userService" class="com.by.service.UserServiceImpl">
<property name="userDao" ref="userDao"></property>
</bean>
</beans>
?web表现层
/**
* 模拟表现层
*/
public class Client {
public static void main(String[] args) {
ApplicationContext ac =
new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("applicationContext.xml");
//使用对象
UserService userService = ac.getBean("userService",UserService.class);
System.out.println(userService.getClass());
userService.addUser();
}
}
?创建增强类
public class MyLogAdvice {
//前置通知
public void before() {
System.out.println("前置通知");
}
//最终通知
public void after() {
System.out.println("最终通知通知");
}
//后置通知
public void afterReturning(){
System.out.println("后置通知");
}
public void afterThrowing(){
System.out.println("异常通知");
}
//环绕通知
public void around(ProceedingJoinPoint joinPoint) {
try {
System.out.println("方法执行前的环绕通知");
joinPoint.proceed();
System.out.println("方法执行后的环绕通知");
} catch (Throwable e) {
throw new RuntimeException(e);
}
}
}
applicationContext.xml配置增强类
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!--注意:添加约束-->
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop
http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop.xsd">
<bean id="userDao" class="com.by.dao.UserDaoImpl"></bean>
<bean id="userService" class="com.by.service.UserServiceImpl">
<property name="userDao" ref="userDao"></property>
</bean>
<!--增强(advice)-->
<bean id="MyLogAdvice" class="com.by.advice.MyLogAdvice"></bean>
<aop:config>
<!--切点(pointcut)-->
<!-- 切点表达式-->
<!-- 表达式语法:-->
<!-- execution([修饰符] 返回值类型 包名.类名.方法名(参数))-->
<aop:pointcut id="pointcut" expression="execution(* com.by.service.*.*(..))"/>
<!--切面(aspect):把增强应用到切点上-->
<aop:aspect ref="MyLogAdvice">
<!-- <aop:around method="around" pointcut-ref="pointcut"></aop:around>-->
<aop:before method="before" pointcut-ref="pointcut"></aop:before>
<aop:after method="after" pointcut-ref="pointcut"></aop:after>
<aop:after-throwing method="afterThrowing" pointcut-ref="pointcut"></aop:after-throwing>
<aop:after-returning method="afterReturning" pointcut-ref="pointcut"></aop:after-returning>
</aop:aspect>
</aop:config>
</beans>
测试结果
pom.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<groupId>com.by</groupId>
<artifactId>Spring_AOP_Annotation</artifactId>
<version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
<dependencies>
<!-- Spring常用依赖 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>
<version>5.1.8.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-aspects</artifactId>
<version>5.1.8.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
</project>
dao
@Repository
public class UserDaoImpl implements UserDao {
@Override
public void addUser(){
System.out.println("insert into tb_user......");
}
}
service
@Service
public class UserServiceImpl implements UserService {
@Autowired
private UserDao userDao;
public void addUser() {
userDao.addUser();
}
}
applicationContext.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop
http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd">
<!-- aop扫描-->
<context:component-scan base-package="com.by"></context:component-scan>
<!-- 开启springAOP对注解的支持-->
<aop:aspectj-autoproxy></aop:aspectj-autoproxy>
</beans>
?web表现层
/**
* 模拟表现层
*/
public class Client {
public static void main(String[] args) {
ApplicationContext ac =
new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("applicationContext.xml");
//使用对象
UserService userService = ac.getBean("userServiceImpl",UserService.class);
userService.addUser();
}
}
@Aspect:把当前类声明为切面类
@Before:前置通知,可以指定切入点表达式
@AfterReturning:后置【try】通知,可以指定切入点表达式
@AfterThrowing:异常【catch】通知,可以指定切入点表达式
@After:最终【finally】通知,可以指定切入点表达式
@Around:环绕通知,可以指定切入点表达式
注解方式实现aop
@Component
@Aspect//增强类标志
public class MyLogAdvice {
//前置通知
@Before("execution(* com.by.service.*.*(..))")
public void before() {
System.out.println("前置通知");
}
//最终通知
@AfterReturning("execution(* com.by.service.*.*(..))")
public void after() {
System.out.println("最终通知通知");
}
//后置通知
@After("execution(* com.by.service.*.*(..))")
public void afterReturning(){
System.out.println("后置通知");
}
@AfterThrowing("execution(* com.by.service.*.*(..))")
public void afterThrowing(){
System.out.println("异常通知");
}
//环绕通知
@Around("execution(* com.by.service.*.*(..))")
public void around(ProceedingJoinPoint joinPoint) {
try {
System.out.println("方法执行前的环绕通知");
joinPoint.proceed();
System.out.println("方法执行后的环绕通知");
} catch (Throwable e) {
throw new RuntimeException(e);
}
}
}
测试结果
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