7 认证相关

发布时间:2024年01月14日

7 认证相关

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认证结合之后的效果:

  • 发布页:未登录,点发布跳转到登录页面。
  • 首页:不用登录
  • 详细页面:不用登录、如果登录就需要在访问记录中添加一条数据。
    • 评论,跳转到登录页面
    • 点赞,跳转到登录页面
  • 个人中心,无需登录
  • 登录页面,无需登录

今日详细

1. 代码整合

登录成功之后保存 nickname和avatar

2.通用认证组件

request.user

  • None,未登录
  • 不为空,用户对象
2.1 处理访问记录

【demos - 4 - 认证组件.zip】

【demo - 4 - 认证组件.zip】

2.2 登录之后才具有评论和发布
  • 小程序

    • 按钮点击的时候先做判断?
    • 自定义tabbar
    • 携带token
      • url
      • header
        • Authorization: token asdfauposdifuaskjdfpoaiusdfj
  • api

    • 两个认证类

    • 应用场景:

      • 都不需要登录视图

      • 都需要认证的视图

      • 有的需要&有的不需要(自定义get_authenticators)

        class CommentView(APIView):
        
            def get_authenticators(self):
                if self.request.method == 'POST':
                    return [UserAuthentication(), ]
                return [GeneralAuthentication(), ]
        
            def get(self,request,*args,**kwargs):
                root_id = request.query_params.get('root')
                # 1. 获取这个根评论的所有子孙评论
                node_queryset = models.CommentRecord.objects.filter(root_id=root_id).order_by('id')
                # 2. 序列化
                ser = CommentModelSerializer(instance=node_queryset,many=True)
        
                return Response(ser.data,status=status.HTTP_200_OK)
        
            def post(self,request,*args,**kwargs):
                # 1. 进行数据校验: news/depth/reply/content/root
                ser = CreateCommentModelSerializer(data=request.data)
                if ser.is_valid():
                    # 保存到数据库
                    ser.save(user_id=1)
                    # 对新增到的数据值进行序列化(数据格式需要调整)
                    news_id = ser.data.get('news')
                    models.News.objects.filter(id=news_id).update(comment_count=F('comment_count')+1)
        
                    return Response(ser.data,status=status.HTTP_201_CREATED)
                return Response(ser.errors,status=status.HTTP_400_BAD_REQUEST)
        
        

3.随意的接口

结论:在serializer中可以调用request

class TestSER(serializers.ModelSerializer):
    xx = serializers.SerializerMethodField()
    class Meta:
        model = models.Topic
        fields = "__all__"

    def get_xx(self,obj):
        # 获取request 、 request.user
        self.context['request'].user
        return 123


class TestView(ListAPIView):
    queryset = models.Topic.objects
    serializer_class = TestSER

4.完善详细页面

  • 点赞

总结

1. 小程序

1.1 申请账号APPID
1.2 搭建开发者工具
1.3 目录结构

小程序文件的目录结构

  • config
    • api.js
    • settings.js
  • components
  • pages
    • index
      • index.js
      • index.wxml
      • index.wxss
      • index.json
  • utils
  • static
  • app.js
  • app.json
  • app.wxss
1.4 组件
  • view/text/image
  • textarea/navigator/input/button
  • block/cover-view/cover-image/swiper
1.5 微信API
  • request/navigateto/back/switchtab/chooseimage/chooseloacation
  • getUserInfo + button + opensetting
  • showToast/showloading/hideloadding
  • setstoragesync/setstoreagesync
  • getApp/ getcurrenpages
1.6 事件
  • 自定义事件
    • bindtab
    • bindinput
  • onload/onshow/onread/onunload/onhide/onpulldownrefresh/onreachbuttom/onshareappmessage
  • onlunch
1.7 双向绑定 mvvm
  • setData全部

  • setData局部

    setData({
    	['xx.xx.xx.x']:123
    })
    
    var v1 = 1;
    var v2 = 2;
    var v3 =v1+v2;
    setData({
    	['xx.xx['+ v3 +']x']:123
    })
    
1.8 指令
  • for
  • if
1.9 自定义tabbar

2.API(DRF)

2.1 视图
  • APIView

  • ListAPIView…

  • 视图中自定义方法

    • 选择serializer

      class TestView(ListAPIView,CreateAPIView):
          queryset = models.Topic.objects
          serializer_class = TestSER
      
          def get_serializer_class(self):
              if self.request.method == "GET":
                  return TestSER
              return TestSER
      
    • 选择authenticator

      class TestView(ListAPIView,CreateAPIView):
          queryset = models.Topic.objects
          serializer_class = TestSER
      
          def get_authenticators(self):
              if self.request.method == "GET":
                  return [UserAuthentication(), ]
              return [GeneralAuthentication(), ]
      
    • 自定义视图函数

      class TestView(ListAPIView,CreateAPIView):
          queryset = models.Topic.objects
          serializer_class = TestSER
          
          def get(self,request,*args,**kwargs):
              
              response = super().get(request,*args,**kwargs)
              
              return response
      
      
    • 自定义filter做筛选(maxid/minid)

2.2 序列化器

他有两个作用:序列化、校验。

2.2.1 校验
class TestSER(serializers.ModelSerializer):
    class Meta:
        model = models.Topic
        fields = "__all__"
is_valid
  • 自定义校验规则

    import re
    from rest_framework.exceptions import ValidationError
    
    
    def phone_validator(value):
        if not re.match(r"^(1[3|4|5|6|7|8|9])\d{9}$",value):
            raise ValidationError('手机格式错误')
    
    class TestSER(serializers.ModelSerializer):
        title = serializers.CharField(label='手机号',validators=[phone_validator,])
        class Meta:
            model = models.Topic
            fields = "__all__"
    
  • 自定义方法校验

    class TestSER(serializers.ModelSerializer):
        title = serializers.CharField(label='手机号')
        class Meta:
            model = models.Topic
            fields = "__all__"
        
        def validate_title(self, value):
            # 具体的校验规则
            return value
    
  • 嵌套校验

    class CreateNewsTopicModelSerializer(serializers.Serializer):
        key = serializers.CharField()
        cos_path = serializers.CharField()
    
    
    class CreateNewsModelSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):
        imageList = CreateNewsTopicModelSerializer(many=True)
    
        class Meta:
            model = models.News
            exclude = ['user', 'viewer_count', 'comment_count',"favor_count"]
    
        def create(self, validated_data):
            # 把imageList切走
            image_list = validated_data.pop('imageList')
    
            # 创建New表中的数据
            news_object = models.News.objects.create(**validated_data)
    
            data_list = models.NewsDetail.objects.bulk_create(
                [models.NewsDetail(**info, news=news_object) for info in image_list]
            )
            news_object.imageList = data_list
    
            if news_object.topic:
                news_object.topic.count += 1
                news_object.save()
    
            return news_object
    
    
    
  • 注意事项:如果定义的字段指向做序列化不做校验。

    class TestSER(serializers.ModelSerializer):
        title = serializers.CharField(label='手机号',read_only=True)
        class Meta:
            model = models.Topic
            fields = "__all__"
    
2.2.2 序列化
class TestSER(serializers.ModelSerializer):
    class Meta:
        model = models.Topic
        fields = "__all__"
  • 自定义字段+source

    class TestSER(serializers.ModelSerializer):
        v1 = serializers.CharField(label='手机号',source='get_gender_display')
        class Meta:
            model = models.Topic
            fields = "__all__"
    
  • 自定义时间字段

    class TestSER(serializers.ModelSerializer):
        v1 = serializers.DateTimeField(format="%Y")
        class Meta:
            model = models.Topic
            fields = "__all__"
    
  • 复杂操作字段

    
    class NewsDetailModelSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):
        images = serializers.SerializerMethodField()
        create_date = serializers.DateTimeField(format="%Y-%m-%d %H:%M")
    
        user = serializers.SerializerMethodField()
        topic = serializers.SerializerMethodField()
    
        viewer = serializers.SerializerMethodField()
        comment = serializers.SerializerMethodField()
    
        is_favor = serializers.SerializerMethodField()
    
        class Meta:
            model = models.News
            exclude = ['cover',]
    
        def get_images(self,obj):
            detail_queryset = models.NewsDetail.objects.filter(news=obj)
            # return [row.cos_path for row in detail_queryset]
            # return [{'id':row.id,'path':row.cos_path} for row in detail_queryset]
            return [model_to_dict(row,['id','cos_path']) for row in detail_queryset]
    
        def get_user(self, obj):
            return model_to_dict(obj.user, fields=['id', 'nickname', 'avatar'])
    
        def get_topic(self, obj):
            if not obj.topic:
                return
            return model_to_dict(obj.topic, fields=['id', 'title'])
    
        def get_viewer(self,obj):
            # 根据新闻的对象 obj(news)
            # viewer_queryset = models.ViewerRecord.objects.filter(news_id=obj.id).order_by('-id')[0:10]
            queryset = models.ViewerRecord.objects.filter(news_id=obj.id)
            viewer_object_list = queryset.order_by('-id')[0:10]
            context = {
                'count':queryset.count(),
                'result': [model_to_dict(row.user,['nickname','avatar']) for row in viewer_object_list]
            }
            return context
    
        def get_comment(self,obj):
            """
            获取所有的1级评论,再给每个1级评论获取一个耳机评论。
            :param obj:
            :return:
            """
    
            # 1.获取所有的 一级 评论
            first_queryset = models.CommentRecord.objects.filter(news=obj,depth=1).order_by('id')[0:10].values(
                'id',
                'content',
                'depth',
                'user__nickname',
                'user__avatar',
                'create_date'
            )
            first_id_list = [ item['id'] for item in first_queryset]
            # 2.获取所有的二级评论
            # second_queryset = models.CommentRecord.objects.filter(news=obj,depth=2)
            # 2. 获取所有1级评论下的二级评论
            # second_queryset = models.CommentRecord.objects.filter(news=obj, depth=2,reply_id__in=first_id_list)
            # 2. 获取所有1级评论下的二级评论(每个二级评论只取最新的一条)
            from django.db.models import Max
            result = models.CommentRecord.objects.filter(news=obj, depth=2, reply_id__in=first_id_list).values('reply_id').annotate(max_id=Max('id'))
            second_id_list = [item['max_id'] for item in result] # 5, 8
    
            second_queryset = models.CommentRecord.objects.filter(id__in=second_id_list).values(
                'id',
                'content',
                'depth',
                'user__nickname',
                'user__avatar',
                'create_date',
                'reply_id',
                'reply__user__nickname'
            )
    
            import collections
            first_dict = collections.OrderedDict()
            for item in first_queryset:
                item['create_date'] = item['create_date'].strftime('%Y-%m-%d')
                first_dict[item['id']] = item
    
            for node in second_queryset:
                first_dict[node['reply_id']]['child'] = [node,]
    
            return first_dict.values()
    
        def get_is_favor(self,obj):
            # 1. 用户未登录
            user_object = self.context['request'].user
            if not user_object:
                return False
    
            # 2. 用户已登录
            exists = models.NewsFavorRecord.objects.filter(user=user_object,news=obj).exists()
            return exists
    
    
    

注意:序列化的方法中获取request

class TestSER(serializers.ModelSerializer):
    title = serializers.SerializerMethodField()
    class Meta:
        model = models.Topic
        fields = "__all__"

    def get_title(self,obj):
        request = self.context['request']
2.3 认证
  • 编写

    
    from rest_framework.authentication import BaseAuthentication
    from api import models
    from rest_framework import exceptions
    
    
    class GeneralAuthentication(BaseAuthentication):
        """
        通用认证,如果认证功能则返回数据,认证失败自己不处理,交给下一个认证组件处理。
        """
        def authenticate(self, request):
            token = request.META.get('HTTP_AUTHORIZATION', None)
            # 1.如果用户没有提供token,返回None(我不处理,交给下一个认证类处理,则默认是None)
            if not token:
                return None
            # 2.token错误,,返回None(我不处理,交给下一个认证类处理,则默认是None)
            user_object = models.UserInfo.objects.filter(token=token).first()
            if not user_object:
                return None
            # 3.认证成功
            return (user_object,token) # request.user/request.auth
    
    
    class UserAuthentication(BaseAuthentication):
        """
        用户认证,用户必须先登录。
        """
        def authenticate(self, request):
            token = request.META.get('HTTP_AUTHORIZATION', None)
            # 1.如果用户没有提供token,返回None(我不处理,交给下一个认证类处理,则默认是None)
            if not token:
                raise exceptions.AuthenticationFailed()
            # 2.token错误,,返回None(我不处理,交给下一个认证类处理,则默认是None)
            user_object = models.UserInfo.objects.filter(token=token).first()
            if not user_object:
                raise exceptions.AuthenticationFailed()
            # 3.认证成功
            return (user_object,token) # request.user/request.auth
    
  • 应用认证类

    • 全不需要登录

    • 全需要登录

    • 部分需要登录,重写方法

      class CommentView(APIView):
      
          def get_authenticators(self):
              if self.request.method == 'POST':
                  return [UserAuthentication(), ]
              return [GeneralAuthentication(), ]
      
          def get(self,request,*args,**kwargs):
              root_id = request.query_params.get('root')
              # 1. 获取这个根评论的所有子孙评论
              node_queryset = models.CommentRecord.objects.filter(root_id=root_id).order_by('id')
              # 2. 序列化
              ser = CommentModelSerializer(instance=node_queryset,many=True)
      
              return Response(ser.data,status=status.HTTP_200_OK)
      
          def post(self,request,*args,**kwargs):
              # 1. 进行数据校验: news/depth/reply/content/root
              ser = CreateCommentModelSerializer(data=request.data)
              if ser.is_valid():
                  # 保存到数据库
                  ser.save(user_id=1)
                  # 对新增到的数据值进行序列化(数据格式需要调整)
                  news_id = ser.data.get('news')
                  models.News.objects.filter(id=news_id).update(comment_count=F('comment_count')+1)
      
                  return Response(ser.data,status=status.HTTP_201_CREATED)
              return Response(ser.errors,status=status.HTTP_400_BAD_REQUEST)
      
      
2.4 状态码
from rest_framework import status

例如:
	Response(serializer.data, status=status.HTTP_201_CREATED, headers=headers)

3.其他

  • js文件导入

  • 三元运算

    条件 ? 真 : 假
    
  • js闭包

  • 自执行函数

  • this 和 箭头函数(es6)

  • django orm

    • F

    • 分组

    • 排序

    • bluk_create

      result1 = models.UserInfo.objects.create(**{})
      result2 = models.UserInfo.objects.create(**{})
      
      print(result1.id,result1.name,result2.id,result2.name,)
      
      data = models.UserInfo.objects.blukcreate([
          models.UserInfo(...),
          models.UserInfo(...)
      ])
      data[0].name/title/email/ ->  id 
      
    • get_or_create

    • 自关联(related_name)

  • 基于Token做的认证、jwt

  • 腾讯对象存储 COS

  • 腾讯短信API

  • django中编写离线脚本

    import os
    import sys
    import django
    
    base_dir = os.path.dirname(os.path.dirname(os.path.abspath(__file__)))
    sys.path.append(base_dir)
    
    # 将配置文件的路径写到 DJANGO_SETTINGS_MODULE 环境变量中
    os.environ.setdefault("DJANGO_SETTINGS_MODULE", "demos.settings")
    django.setup()
    
    from api import models
    models.Topic.objects.create(title="春运")
    models.Topic.objects.create(title="火车票")
    

    注意:可以结合定时任务。

文章来源:https://blog.csdn.net/hellow_xqs/article/details/135584682
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