CentOS安装Redis教程-shell脚本一键安装配置

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前言

本文将介绍如何安装和配置Redis单机版和扩展集群版。首先，我们会详细说明如何安装Redis单机版，并提供了相应的脚本来简化安装过程。然后，我们会介绍如何在已经安装好的Redis单机版基础上搭建扩展集群，并提供了相应的脚本来帮助您完成这一步骤。最后，我们还会演示一些测试命令以验证集群是否正常工作。

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一、Redis单机版安装教程

1. 复制脚本

首先，将以下脚本内容复制并保存为/tmp/install_redis.sh文件。

#!/bin/bash

# 安装版本
redis_version="6.2.7"
# 安装目录
#redis_installDir="/opt/module/redis"
redis_installDir="/opt/bigdata/redis"

install_redis() {
  local version=$1
  local installDir=$2
  local redisconf_file=$installDir/redis-$version/redis.conf
  # 安装工具包
  yum -y install epel-release gcc make tcl

  # 下载地址
  local downloadUrl="http://download.redis.io/releases/redis-$version.tar.gz"
  if [ -z "$(command -v wget)" ]; then
    yum -y install wget
    if [ $? -eq 0 ]; then
      echo "wget安装完成"
    else
      echo "wget安装失败，请检查"
      exit 1
    fi
  fi
  if [ ! -d "${installDir}" ]; then
    mkdir -p "${installDir}"
    if [ $? -eq 0 ]; then
      echo "安装目录${installDir}已创建"
    else
      echo "请确保您有足够的权限来创建目录，请增加权限后再次执行"
      exit 1
    fi
  fi
  if [ ! -f "/tmp/redis-$version.tar.gz" ] ; then
    wget "$downloadUrl" -P /tmp
    if [ $? -eq 0 ]; then
      echo "redis-$version.tar.gz下载成功"
    else
      echo "redis-$version.tar.gz下载失败，请重试或手动下载到/tmp目录下再次执行"
      echo "下载地址：$downloadUrl"
      exit 1
    fi
  else
    echo "/tmp/redis-$version.tar.gz文件已存在"
  fi
  if [ -d "${installDir}/redis-$version" ]; then
    echo "${installDir}/redis-$version 已存在，正在删除..."
    rm -rf "${installDir}/redis-$version"
  fi
  tar -zxvf "/tmp/redis-$version.tar.gz" -C "${installDir}"
  if [ $? -eq 0 ]; then
    echo "redis-$version.tar.gz解压成功"
  else
    echo "redis-$version.tar.gz解压失败，请查看异常信息后重试"
    exit 1
  fi
  # 编译和安装
  cd ${installDir}/redis-$version
  make && make install

  sed -i "s|daemonize no|daemonize yes|" "$redisconf_file"
  sed -i "s|bind 127.0.0.1 -::1|bind 127.0.0.1 -::1\nbind 0.0.0.0|" "$redisconf_file"
  sed -i "s|# requirepass foobared|# requirepass foobared|" "$redisconf_file"

#  sed -i "s|port 6379|port 6379|" "$redisconf_file"
#  sed -i "s|# cluster-enabled yes|cluster-enabled yes|" "$redisconf_file"
#  sed -i "s|# cluster-config-file nodes-6379.conf|cluster-config-file nodes.conf|" "$redisconf_file"
#  sed -i "s|# cluster-node-timeout 15000|cluster-node-timeout 5000|" "$redisconf_file"
#  sed -i "s|appendonly no|appendonly yes|" "$redisconf_file"

  echo "redis 单机版下载、安装、配置完成"
  echo "redis安装目录：${installDir}/redis-$version"
  echo "单机版 进入 redis 交互界面命令：redis-cli -h $(ip addr | grep 'inet ' | awk '{print $2}'| tail -n 1 | grep -oP '\d+\.\d+\.\d+\.\d+') -p 6379"
  echo "集群版 进入 redis 交互界面命令：redis-cli -h $(ip addr | grep 'inet ' | awk '{print $2}'| tail -n 1 | grep -oP '\d+\.\d+\.\d+\.\d+') -c -p 30001"

#  mkdir -p "${installDir}/redis-$version/cluster-test"
#  for cluster_dir in {7000..7005}
#  do
#    local create_dir="${installDir}/redis-$version/cluster-test/$cluster_dir"
#    mkdir -p "$create_dir"
#    cp "$redisconf_file" "$create_dir"
#    sed -i "s|port 6379|port $cluster_dir|" "$create_dir/redis.conf"
#    redis-server "$create_dir/redis.conf"
#    echo "$cluster_dir 端口的redis启动成功"
#  done

#  local dir=${installDir}/redis-$version/utils/create-cluster
#  sed -i "s|CLUSTER_HOST=127.0.0.1|CLUSTER_HOST=192.168.145.105|" "$dir/create-cluster"
#  sed -i "s|PROTECTED_MODE=yes|PROTECTED_MODE=no|" "$dir/create-cluster"
#  $dir/create-cluster start
#  $dir/create-cluster create

}

install_redis "$redis_version" "$redis_installDir"

exit 0

2. 增加执行权限

在终端中执行以下命令，为脚本添加执行权限。

chmod a+x /tmp/install_redis.sh

3. 执行脚本

执行以下命令，运行脚本开始下载、安装和配置Redis。

/tmp/install_redis.sh

请等待安装完成，如有异常会有提示。

成功如下图所示：

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二、Redis扩展集群版安装教程

1. 安装Redis单机版

要安装Redis扩展集群版，要先安装好单机版。

2. 复制脚本

首先，将以下脚本内容复制并保存为/opt/bigdata/redis/redis-6.2.7/redis_cluster.sh文件。

#!/bin/bash

# 安装版本
version="6.2.7"
# 安装目录
#installDir="/opt/module/redis"
installDir="/opt/bigdata/redis"
# Settings
BIN_PATH="${installDir}/redis-$version/src/"
CLUSTER_HOST=$(ip addr | grep 'inet ' | awk '{print $2}'| tail -n 1 | grep -oP '\d+\.\d+\.\d+\.\d+')
PORT=30000
TIMEOUT=2000
NODES=6
REPLICAS=1
PROTECTED_MODE=yes
ADDITIONAL_OPTIONS=""
BIND='0.0.0.0 -::1'
#REQUIREPASS="redisroot"

# 您可能需要将上述配置参数放入config.sh中，以便执行以下命令
# 覆盖默认值而不修改此脚本。

if [ -a config.sh ]
then
    source "${installDir}/redis-$version/utils/create-cluster/config.sh"
fi

# 结束端口
ENDPORT=$((PORT+NODES))

if [ "$1" == "start" ]
then
    while [ $((PORT < ENDPORT)) != "0" ]; do
        PORT=$((PORT+1))
        port_dir=${installDir}/redis-$version/redis_cluster/$PORT
        mkdir -p "$port_dir"
        echo "Starting $PORT"
        cd $port_dir
#        $BIN_PATH/redis-server --bind $BIND --requirepass $REQUIREPASS --port $PORT  --protected-mode $PROTECTED_MODE --cluster-enabled yes --cluster-config-file "$port_dir/nodes-${PORT}.conf" --cluster-node-timeout $TIMEOUT --appendonly yes --appendfilename "appendonly-${PORT}.aof" --dbfilename "$port_dir/dump-${PORT}.rdb" --logfile "$port_dir/${PORT}.log" --daemonize yes "${ADDITIONAL_OPTIONS}"
#        $BIN_PATH/redis-server --bind $BIND --requirepass $REQUIREPASS --port $PORT  --protected-mode $PROTECTED_MODE --cluster-enabled yes --cluster-config-file nodes-${PORT}.conf --cluster-node-timeout $TIMEOUT --appendonly yes --appendfilename appendonly-${PORT}.aof --dbfilename dump-${PORT}.rdb --logfile ${PORT}.log --daemonize yes ${ADDITIONAL_OPTIONS}
        $BIN_PATH/redis-server --bind $BIND --port $PORT  --protected-mode $PROTECTED_MODE --cluster-enabled yes --cluster-config-file nodes-${PORT}.conf --cluster-node-timeout $TIMEOUT --appendonly yes --appendfilename appendonly-${PORT}.aof --dbfilename dump-${PORT}.rdb --logfile ${PORT}.log --daemonize yes ${ADDITIONAL_OPTIONS}
    done
    exit 0
fi

if [ "$1" == "create" ]
then
    HOSTS=""
    while [ $((PORT < ENDPORT)) != "0" ]; do
        PORT=$((PORT+1))
        HOSTS="$HOSTS $CLUSTER_HOST:$PORT"
    done
    OPT_ARG=""
    if [ "$2" == "-f" ]; then
        OPT_ARG="--cluster-yes"
    fi
    $BIN_PATH/redis-cli --cluster create $HOSTS --cluster-replicas $REPLICAS $OPT_ARG
    exit 0
fi

if [ "$1" == "stop" ]
then
    while [ $((PORT < ENDPORT)) != "0" ]; do
        PORT=$((PORT+1))
        echo "Stopping $PORT"
#        $BIN_PATH/redis-cli -p $PORT shutdown nosave
        $BIN_PATH/redis-cli -p $PORT shutdown
    done
    exit 0
fi

if [ "$1" == "watch" ]
then
    PORT=$((PORT+1))
    while [ 1 ]; do
        clear
        date
        $BIN_PATH/redis-cli -p $PORT cluster nodes | head -30
        sleep 1
    done
    exit 0
fi

if [ "$1" == "tail" ]
then
    INSTANCE=$2
    PORT=$((PORT+INSTANCE))
    tail -f "${installDir}/redis-$version/redis_cluster/$PORT/${PORT}.log"
    exit 0
fi

if [ "$1" == "tailall" ]
then
    while [ $((PORT < ENDPORT)) != "0" ]; do
        PORT=$((PORT+1))
        log_dir="${installDir}/redis-$version/redis_cluster/$PORT/$PORT.log"
        tail -f "$log_dir"
    done
    exit 0
fi

if [ "$1" == "call" ]
then
    while [ $((PORT < ENDPORT)) != "0" ]; do
        PORT=$((PORT+1))
        $BIN_PATH/redis-cli -p $PORT $2 $3 $4 $5 $6 $7 $8 $9
    done
    exit 0
fi

if [ "$1" == "clean" ]
then
    while [ $((PORT < ENDPORT)) != "0" ]; do
        PORT=$((PORT+1))
        port_dir=${installDir}/redis-$version/redis_cluster/$PORT
        rm -rf $port_dir/*.log
        rm -rf $port_dir/appendonly*.aof
        rm -rf $port_dir/dump*.rdb
        rm -rf $port_dir/nodes*.conf
    done
    exit 0
fi

if [ "$1" == "clean-logs" ]
then
    while [ $((PORT < ENDPORT)) != "0" ]; do
        PORT=$((PORT+1))
        port_dir=${installDir}/redis-$version/redis_cluster/$PORT
        rm -rf $port_dir/*.log
    done
    exit 0
fi

echo "Usage: $0 [start|create|stop|watch|tail|clean|call]"
echo "start       -- Launch Redis Cluster instances."
echo "create [-f] -- Create a cluster using redis-cli --cluster create."
echo "stop        -- Stop Redis Cluster instances."
echo "watch       -- Show CLUSTER NODES output (first 30 lines) of first node."
echo "tail <id>   -- Run tail -f of instance at base port + ID."
echo "tailall     -- Run tail -f for all the log files at once."
echo "clean       -- Remove all instances data, logs, configs."
echo "clean-logs  -- Remove just instances logs."
echo "call <cmd>  -- Call a command (up to 7 arguments) on all nodes."

3. 增加执行权限

在终端中执行以下命令，为脚本添加执行权限。

cd /opt/bigdata/redis/redis-6.2.7
chmod a+x ./redis_cluster.sh

4. 执行脚本

执行以下命令，运行脚本开始创建Redis扩展集群的目录。

./redis_cluster.sh start

如下图所示：

执行以下命令创建Redis扩展集群。

echo yes | ./redis_cluster.sh create

成功的开始和结束的截图如下图所示：

5. 测试

执行以下命令进入Redis扩展集群交互界面。

redis-cli -h 192.168.145.105 -c -p 30001

使用命令测试是否正常，如下图所示。

6. redis_cluster.sh 命令

6.1 启动Redis扩展集群

cd /opt/bigdata/redis/redis-6.2.7
./redis_cluster.sh start

6.2 停止Redis扩展集群

cd /opt/bigdata/redis/redis-6.2.7
./redis_cluster.sh stop

6.3 查看Redis扩展集群节点信息

cd /opt/bigdata/redis/redis-6.2.7
./redis_cluster.sh watch

6.4 查看Redis扩展集群实时日志

cd /opt/bigdata/redis/redis-6.2.7
./redis_cluster.sh tail 1

6.5 清除Redis扩展集群目录所有数据

cd /opt/bigdata/redis/redis-6.2.7
./redis_cluster.sh clean

6.6 清除Redis扩展集群目录日志数据

cd /opt/bigdata/redis/redis-6.2.7
./redis_cluster.sh clean-logs

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总结

通过本教程，您学习到了如何在Linux系统上进行Redis的安装和配置。首先，您学习到了如何使用脚本自动下载、编译和安装Redis单机版，并对其进行必要的配置修改以满足实际需求。然后，在已经部署好的单机版基础上，您学习到了如何使用另一个脚本创建并启动一个具有多个节点（主节点+从节点）组成的扩展集群。

希望本教程对您有所帮助！如有任何疑问或问题，请随时在评论区留言。感谢阅读！