DP一生之敌
learn from AC-Panda and codeforces’s Tutorial
Think Twice, Code Once
#include <bits/stdc++.h>
#define il inline
#define get getchar
#define put putchar
#define is isdigit
#define int long long
#define dfor(i,a,b) for(int i=a;i<=b;++i)
#define dforr(i,a,b) for(int i=a;i>=b;--i)
#define dforn(i,a,b) for(int i=a;i<=b;++i,put(10))
#define mem(a,b) memset(a,b,sizeof a)
#define memc(a,b) memcpy(a,b,sizeof a)
#define pr 114514191981
#define gg(a) cout<<a,put(32)
#define INF 0x7fffffff
#define tt(x) cout<<x<<'\n'
#define endl '\n'
#define ls i<<1
#define rs i<<1|1
#define la(r) tr[r].ch[0]
#define ra(r) tr[r].ch[1]
#define lowbit(x) (x&-x)
#define ct cin.tie(nullptr),ios_base::sync_with_stdio(false)
using namespace std;
typedef unsigned int ull;
typedef pair<int, int> pii;
int read(void) {
int x=0,f=1;char c=get();
while(!is(c)) (f=c==45?-1:1),c=get();
while(is(c)) x=(x<<1)+(x<<3)+(c^48),c=get();
return x*f;
}
void write(int x) {
if (x < 0) x = -x, put(45);
if (x > 9) write(x / 10);
put((x % 10) ^ 48);
}
#define writeln(a) write(a), put(10)
#define writesp(a) write(a), put(32)
#define writessp(a) put(32), write(a)
const int N = 2e5 + 10, M = 1e5 + 10, SN = 1e3 + 10, mod = 998244353;
signed main() {
int T = 1;
T = read();
while (T--) {
int n = read();
vector<int> a(n + 1), dp(n + 1), sum(n + 1);
for (int i = 1; i <= n; ++i) a[i] = read();
stack<int> sta;
int ans = 0;
for (int i = 1; i <= n; ++i) {
int cnt = 0;
while (!sta.empty() && a[i] < a[sta.top()]) ans -= dp[sta.top()], sta.pop();
if (sta.empty()) dp[i] = (sum[i - 1] + 1) % mod;
else dp[i] = (sum[i - 1] - sum[sta.top()] + ans) % mod;
sum[i] = (sum[i - 1] + dp[i]) % mod;
ans = (ans + dp[i]) % mod;
sta.push(i);
}
// for (int i = 1; i <= n; ++i) writesp(dp[i]);
// puts("");
writeln((ans + mod) % mod);
}
return 0;
}